UNIT 6: COMPETITIONS A. READING
B. ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU (TO-INFINITIVE) TRONG LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP
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19. To participate __________ the contest, you must be under 25 years old.
A. for B. at C. in D. about
20. The teacher divided the class into 3 groups ________ ten.
A. of B. with C. in D. for
II. DANH ĐỘNG TỪ (V-ING) TRONG LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP
Khi lời nói trực tiếp là lời đề nghị , chúc mừng, cảm ơn, xin lỗi, …động từ tường thuật cùng với danh động từ (V-ing) theo sau nó thường được dùng để chuyển tải nội dung lời nói trên.
a. Reporting Verb + V-ing + ….
Deny (phủ nhận), admit (thừa nhận), suggest (đề nghị), regret (nuối tiếc), appreciate (đánh giá cao, cảm kích)
Ex: Peter said: “I didn‟t steal the painting.” → Peter denied stealing the painting.
“Why don‟t we go out for a walk?” said the boy. → The boy suggested going out for a walk.
b. Reporting Verb + (Someone) + Preposition + V-ing + ….
- thank someone for (cám ơn ai về ….) - accuse someone of (buộc tội ai về …)
- congratulate someone on (chúc mừng ai về ….) - warn someone against (cảnh báo ai về ….) - dream of (mơ về …)
- object to (chống đối về ….) - apologize someone for (xin lỗi ai về …) - insist on (khăng khăng dòi …) - complain about (phàn nàn về ….)
Ex: “I‟m happy to know that you win the game. Congratulations!”, Jim said to Mary.
→ Jim --- I said to the boy: “Don‟t play ball near the restricted area.”
→ I --- Daisy said: “I want to be a famous singer in the world.”
→ Daisy --- Note:
1. Why don’t you / Why not / How about → suggested + (someone) + V-ing … Ex: “Why don‟t you send her some flowers?” he said.
→ He suggested me sending her some flowers.
2. Let’s → suggested + V-ing …
Let’s not → suggested + not + V-ing … Ex: “Let‟s meet outside the cinema,” he said.
→ He suggested meeting outside the cinema.
She said: “Let‟s not talk about that problem again.”
→ She suggested not talking about that problem again.
3. Shall we / It’s a good idea → suggested + V-ing … Ex: “It‟s a good idea to go for a picnic this weekend,” she said.
→ She suggested going for a picnic that weekend.
42 Ann said: “Come to my place whenever you are free.”
→ Ann invited me to come to her place whenever I was free.
Note:
1. Lời đề nghị: Would you / could you / Will you / Can you → asked + someone + to-inf Would you mind / Do you mind + V-ing → asked + someone + to-inf Ex: “Can you read the instructions again?” she said.
→ She asked me to read the instructions again.
He said: “Would you mind opening the door, please?”
→ He asked me to open the door.
2. Lời mời: Would you like / Will you → invited someone + to-inf Ex: “Will you have lunch with me?” he said.
→ He invited me to have lunch with him.
3. Lời khuyên: Had better / If I were you / Why don’t you → advised someone + to-inf Ex: “If I were you, I would phone her,” he said.
→ He advised me to phone her.
I. Complete each sentence with one of the following verb (in the correct form). Use a preposition if necessary.
stay carry get break be hunt invite cause take live deliver study close drive attend
1. I've always dreamed ... in a small house by the sea.
2. Mike apologized ... so rude to me.
3. I agreed ... the parcel for her.
4. The driver of the other car accused me ... the accident.
5. We invited Jane ... for lunch.
6. He admitted ... the car into his neighbor's tree.
7. I congratulated Liz ... a new job.
8. My bag wasn't very heavy, but Dan insisted ... it for me 9. Tom suggested ... a rest.
10. We don't approve ... animals for sport.
11. Kevin thanked us ... him to our party.
12. Brian advised me ... economics at university.
13. The government proposed ... a number of primary schools.
14. The women blamed me ... her glasses.
15. No one can prevent him ... the meeting.
II. Complete the sentences to report what was said, using a to-infinitive or an- ing form of a verb.
1. 'You'd better look for a new job, Andrew.' Jane advised ...
2. 'It was nice of you to invite me to your birthday party. Thanks very much.' Mike thanked ...
3. 3, 'I must have made a mistake in the calculations."
Mr Forest admitted ...
4. 'I'll pay for the meal.'
Sarah insisted ...
5. 'Perhaps we can go to Paris for the weekend.' Neil suggested ...
6. 'I can get you there in good time.'
Jim guaranteed ...
7. 'I'm sorry I couldn't come to visit you last summer.' Kate apologized ...
8. 'We'll organize the Christmas party.'
They promised ...
9. 'I hear you won the championship. Congratulations!' Dane congratulated ...
10. 'I wish I'd asked for his name and address.' I regretted ...
11. 'You're selfish.'
Jane accused ...
12. 'All right. We will meet the student representatives.' The teachers agreed ...
13. 'You mustn't drink too much caffeine.'
Marta warned ...
14. 'If all goes to plan, I'll study medicine.'
43 Rachel hoped ...
15. 'We should take the jumper back to the shop.' READING
Completing a marathon is considered very difficult, but many coaches believe that it is possible for anyone who is willing to put in the time and effort. Obviously, most participants don‟t run a marathon to win. More important for most runners is their personal finish time and their placement within their specific age group and gender. Another very important goal is to break certain time barriers. For example, ambitious recreational first-timers often try to run the marathon under 4 hours, more competitive runners will attempt to run under 3 hours.
Many runners then prefer to finish for example in 3:29:59, which makes them “sub-3:30h marathoners”, instead of 3:30:01.
For most runners, the marathon is the longest run they have ever attempted. Many coaches believe that the most important element in marathon training is the long run. Recreational runners commonly try to reach a maximum of about 20 miles in their longest weekly run and about 40 miles a week in total when training for the marathon. More experienced marathoners may run a longer distance. During marathon training, adequate recovery times is crucial. If fatigue or pain is felt, it is recommended to take a break for a couple of days or more to let the body heal. Overtraining is a condition that results from not getting enough rest to allow the body to recover from difficult training. It can actually result in a lower endurance and speed and place a runner at a greater risk of injury.
1. A marathon completion is ______________.
A. impossible B. easy C. not very difficult D. very difficult 2. One of an important goals in a marathon competition is _______________.
A. breaking time barriers B. age
C. gender D. reaching the finish
3. In marathon training, the most important is ___________.
A. the age B. the coaches‟ belief
C. the long run D. the recreation
4. If a marathon runner feels tired or have a pain, _______________.
A. he should continue the training B. he should quit running forever.
C. it is time for him to stop his training D. he should take a break for several days.
5. Overtraining may lead to ______________.
A. good results B. long endurance C. injury D. recovery.
TEST A. PHONETIC
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words.
1) A. earning B. learning C. searching D. clearing 2) A. candy B. sandy C. many D. handy 3) A. given B. risen C. ridden D. whiten
II. Choose the word that has stress pattern different from that of the other words.
4) A. competition B. annual C. final D. stimulate 5) A. performance B. celebration C. remember D. announce 6) A. apologize B. difficulty C. enjoyment D. remember B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.
7) A situation in which people or organizations compete with each other to find out who is the best at something.
A. participation B. competition C. activity D. performance 8) A person who decides who has won a competition is called a(n)...
A. referee B. judge C. investigator D. witness 9) To make something develop or become more active.
A. to encourage B. to enhance C. to stimulate D. to strike
10) To agree to give someone money for a charity if that person competes a special activity.
A. organize B. support C. sponsor D. encourage
11) A person who has been chosen to speak or vote for someone else on behalf of a group.
A. contestant B. competitor C. examinee D. representative 12) The greatest ... of all is the World peace.
A. present B. gift C. prize D. award
13) A sports competition involving a number of teams or players who take part in different games.
A. match B. tournament C. game D. play 14) They had a really good chance of winning the national ...
A. compete B. competition C. competitor D. competitive 15) Jack admitted ... the money.
A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. stolen
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16) Thank you very much ... lending me your bike.
A. about B. in C. for D. of 17) Don‟t ... him to arrive early. He‟s always late.
A. think B. judge C. hope D. expect
18) I wouldn‟t ... of going to the party I hadn‟t been invited to.
A. dream B. intend C. depend D. rely 19) The instructor warned the students ... sailing alone on the lake.
A. on B. for C. of D. against
20) The manager ... the men to turn to work immediately.
A. insisted B. suggested C. demanded D. ordered 21) Her mother prevented her ... going out tonight.
A. against B. from C. about D. at 22) I apologized ... the book at home.
A. for leaving B. to leaving C. leaving D. to leave II. Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
23) I‟d like to thank your brother for your help.
A B C D
24) Mrs. Allen was concerned about my have to drive so far every day.
A B C D 25) You can congratulate yourself about having done an excellent job.
A B C D 26) Peter apologized for break the vase.
A B C D
27) He insisted on seeing the manager tomorrow.
A B C D
III. Write the following sentences in Reported Speech.
28) “It was really kind of you to help me.” Mary said to you.
Mary thanked me...
29) “I‟ll drive you to the airport.” John said to Linda..
John insisted...
30) “You have passed the final exams. Congratulations!” Jim said to you
Jim congratulated me...
31) “It was nice of you to invite me to the dinner. Thank you”, Miss White said to Peter.
Miss White thanked...
32) “Don‟t play with the matches!” I said to Jack.
I warned...
33) “I‟m sorry I didn‟t phone you earlier”, Margaret said to you.
Margaret apologized...
34) “I have always wanted to be a pilot”, Paul said to you.
Paul has always dreamed of...
35) “You didn‟t do what I said”, the mother said to her son.
The mother accused...