trọng âm trên gốc từ
XVI. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (viết lại câu- nối 2 mệnh đề) Ty
VERB The + more + S + V The + more + S + V
MULTIPLE COMPARISONS (SO SÁNH ĐA BỘI)
SỐ LẦN + ( AS + Adj/Adv + AS )
Her house is twice/ three times as big as mine.
e.g. The more electricity you use, your bill will be.
A. higher B. the higher C. highest D. the highest
XVI. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (viết lại câu- nối 2 mệnh đề)
3
If + S had (not) V3/ed had (not) been V_ing Without N.
PHRASE
But for V_ING
would
S + could (not) have V3/ed should might
Not real in the past (yesterday/last…/this morning)
Type 4
Mixtur e
If + S + had (not) V3/ed had (not) been V_ing
(yesterday/last…/this morning)
would
S + could (not) V0 should might (now/ today)
An incident happened in the past but the consequences extend to the present
Type 5 V2/ed/
were If + S + didn’t V0
were (not) V_ing
would
S + could (not) have V3/ed should
might
An inherent nature or condition that causes consequences in the past
FI 2
IF3 Were it not for
If it were not for + N.Phrase /V_Ing
Had it not been for
If it had not been for + N.Phrase /V_Ing Were it not for + the fact that +
Clause If it were not for
Had it not been for + the fact that + Clause If it had not been for
e.g. 1. Without your help, I couldn’t finish the project.
= But for your help, I couldn’t finish the project.
= If you didn’t help me, I couldn’t finish the project.
= If there weren’t your help, I couldn’t finish the project.
= Were there not your help, I couldn’t finish the project.
= Were you not to help me, I couldn’t finish the project.
= Were it not for your help, I couldn’t finish the project.
= If it were not for your help, I couldn’t finish the project
= Were it not for the fact that you didn’t help me, I couldn’t finish the project.
= If it weren’t for the fact that you didn’t help me, I couldn’t finish the project.
2. Without your help, I couldn’t have finished the project.
= But for your help, I couldn’t have finished the project.
= If you hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t have finished the project.
= If there hadn’t been your help, I couldn’t have finished the project.
= Had there not been your help, I couldn’t have finished the project.
= Had you not helped me, I couldn’t have finished the project.
= Had it not been for your help, I couldn’t have finished the project.
= If it had not been for your help, I couldn’t have finished the project.
= Had it not been for the fact that you hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t have finished the project.
= If it had not been for the fact that you hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t have finished the project.
VIẾT LẠI CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN KO CÓ THẬT Ở HIỆN TẠI/ QUÁ KHỨ
Cách làm: B1: xác định nguyên nhân , kết quả
B2: IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
B3: V (present) => If 2
WISH AND IF ONLY (mơ ước/ giá như…) FUTU
RE WISH
S + wish/ if only + S + would V3/ed + in the future/ tomorrow/ next ………
PRESE NT WISH
S + wish/ if only + S + V2/ed + today/now ………
PAST WISH
S + wish/ if only + S + had V3/ed + yesterday/ last………
AS IF/AS THOUGH (như thể là…) + REAL/UNREAL TENSES For
m Exampl
es
S + V(present) + as if + S + V0;Vs/es have V3/
ed will + V0 Tình huống đúng, có thật ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
He thinks he will pass the exam. He looks as if he (know) the answer.
Women that suffer from baldness will feel as if they (be) no longer attractive.
He seems as if he (not sleep) for days.
Wow! Look at those dark clouds. It looks as if it (rain)
S + V0;Vs/es + as if + S + V2/ed V2/ed
(tình huống giả định ở hiện tại)
She walks as if she (be) a supermodel.
S + V0;Vs/es + as if + S + had V3/ed V2/ed
(tình huống giả định ở quá khứ)
The floods were rising and it was as if it (be) the end of the world.
He seemed as if he (not sleep) for days.
Note: "AS IF/AS THOUGH + TO INFINITIVE / PREPOSITION e.g. She moved her lips as if to smile .
They were shouting as though in panic .
WOULD RATHER (mong/muốn…) For
m Examples
S1 + would rather that + S2 + V(present) (mong muốn ở hiện tại)
I would rather that you (call) me tomorrow He would rather that I (not take) this train S1 + would rather that + S2 + V2/ed; were
(mong muốn trái với hiện tại hoặc tương lai)
I would rather it (be) spring now. (Tôi mong bây giờ là mùa xuân)
Tom would rather Lily (buy) that laptop.
Lionel would rather his new friend (call) him
yesterday.
V (past) => If 3
S1 + would rather that + S2 + had V3/ ed (mong muốn trái với quá khứ)
(Lionel muốn người bạn mới của anh ấy gọi mình vào hôm qua.)
My mother would rather that I (go) to school yesterday. (Mẹ tôi mong tôi đã đi học vào hôm qua.)
CÂU GIẢ ĐỊNH VỚI CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ
S1 +
advise/ recommend
+ S2 + V0
ask/ request
command (bắt buộc) demand
desire/ urge(giục giã) insist
propose/ suggest stipulate (qui định) move (điều khiển)
The doctor advised that she (stop) staying up too late. (Bác sĩ khuyên cô ấy nên dừng thức quá khuya.) The teacher requires that all his students (learn) this lesson.
(Giáo viên yêu cầu tất cả học sinh học tiết học này.)
CÂU GIẢ ĐỊNH VỚI CÁC TÍNH TỪ
It + be +
advised/ recommended (được đề xuất)
that + S2 + V0
necessary/ essential/ important/ crucial (cốt yếu) imperative( cấp bách)/ urgent (khẩn thiết) desirable (đáng khao khát)
obligatory (bắt buộc)
vital (sống còn)/ critical / mandatory/ best It was urgent that Mary (leave) for the office at once. (Việc khẩn cấp là Mary cần tới văn phòng ngay lập tức.)
It is best that Victor (find) his key. (Tốt nhất là Victor tìm thấy chìa khóa của anh ấy.)
IT IS TIME/ IT’S A HIGH TIME/ IT’S ABOUT TIME (đã đến lúc
…)
It’s time
It’s high time + S + V2/ed
It’s time Linh (leave) for the office. (Đến lúc Linh phải đến văn phòng làm việc rồi.)
It’s high time Marshall (buy) a new pair of sandals. It’s high time this building was completed. It has been under construction for months.
It’s high time Susie (go) to bed. She’ll have to leave early
tomorrow.
It’s about time It’s about time someone (take) actions to deal with this problem.
(Đã đến lúc ai đó phải đứng ra giải quyết vấn đề này rồi.) It’s about time my mother (get) back home – it’s getting quite late.
(Mẹ tôi chắc sắp về đến nhà, khá muộn rồi.)
It’s time + (for sb) + to V0 ….:
It’s time for our children to go to school.
(Đã đến lúc những đứa trẻ của chúng tôi phải đi học.)
e.g. It isn't a lovely room. Its difficult view spoils it.
A.It would be a lovely room if its view were difficult.
B.Provided the room had a difficult view, it would be a lovely room.
C.Unless the room has a difficult view, it won't be a lovely room.
D.But for its difficult view, it would be a lovely room.
XVII. INVERSION (viết lại câu- nối 2 mệnh đề)