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1. Definition
A phrasal verb consists of a verb together with a/some prepositions or adverbs.
2. Types
I picked Tom up. OR I picked up Tom We set off for the beach.
I'm looking forward to meeting John.
3. Structures:
verb + in
Absorbed in sth: bị lôi cuốn, cuốn hút bởi thứ gì
Simon was so absorbed in his project that he didn't even notice me come in.
Confide in sb: giãy bày, tâm sự với ai
She's nice, but I don't think I can confide in her.
Specialise in sth: chuyên về thứ gì/ ngành gì
She hired a lawyer who specializes in divorce cases.
Succeed in sth: thành công trong việc gì We succeeded in our efforts to start the car.
Result in sth: dẫn tới, kết quả là…
The fire resulted in damage to their property.
Involve sb in sth: bao gồm ai trong việc gì Please don’t involve me in this mess Implicate sb in sth: lôi kéo ai vào việc gì His essay implicated the teacher in the scandal.
Be engrossed in sth: say mê, đắm chìm vào việc gì
They were so engrossed in the task that they didn’t hear me come in.
verb + for
Cater for sb/sth: phục vụ cho ai/việc gì This programme caters for the masses Care for sb/sth: quan tâm tới ai/cái gì
Bob and his sister take turns caring for their elderly mother.
Pay for sb/sth: trả tiền cho ai/ cái gì
* Special: pay for sth: trả giá cho điều gì (sai lầm) We all pay for our mistakes in some way at some time.
He tricked me and I'm going to make him pay for it!
CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ
ID: 63009
Apologise (to sb) for sth: xin lỗi cho việc gì
Trains may be subject to delay - we apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Blame sb for sth: đổ lỗi cho ai về việc gì Count for sth: có giá trị/ có tầm quan trọng
My opinion doesn't count for anything around here.
Allow for sth: cho phép điều gì
Does your insurance allow for home nursing care?
Account for sth: tạo nên, hình thành/ giải thích điều gì More police on the streets accounted for less street crime.
verb + With
Acquaint sb/ oneself with sth: làm cho ai quen với điều gì Confront sb with sth: đối đầu với ai về điều gì
I know she's the one who made the error, but I don't want to confront her with it without having any evidence.
Charge sb with sth: tính phí cho ai về điều gì
I will have to charge Bill with the cost of repairs. The manager will charge your account with about forty dollars.
Confuse sb/sth with sb/sth: Nhầm lẫn
You're confusing me with my sister - she's the singer.
Coincide with sth: trùng khớp với thứ gì Collide with sth: va chạm với thứ gì
It was predicted that a comet would collide with one of the planets.
Comply with sth: hành động theo/tuân thủ mong muốn/mệnh lệnh We are unable to comply with your request.
verb + from
Bar someone from some place: để tránh người khác xâm nhập vào một số nơi.
Deter someone from something: để ngăn chặn hoặc ngăn cản ai đó hoặc 1 nhóm làm 1 việc gì đó.
We can't seem to deter them from leaving
Distract someone from something: phân tâm một người nào đó khỏi một cái gì đó We must let nothing distract us from our purpose.
Refrain from something: kìm hãm làm điều gì đó;
I wish you would refrain from shouting
Stem from something: bắt nguồn từ Her problems stem from her difficult childhood.
Result from something: kết quả từ His difficulty in walking results from a childhood illness.
Resign from something: nghỉ hưu Andy resigned from the CX company.
Suffer from something: Chịu đựng Jeff is suffering from the flu.
Exempt someone from something: để giải phóng một ai đó I cannot exempt anyone from this rule.
Benefit from sth : thu lợi
Derive sth from sth: chuyển thể một cái gì đó từ một cái khác (Is it possible to derive this word from Greek?)
Differ from sth: khác biệt với
No, this one differs from the one you saw because it has a bigger handle
verb + on
Concentrate something on something: Tập trung e.g: She concentrated her attention on Lynn.
Pride oneself on something: tự hào về một điều gì đó (= take pride in, be proud of, take satisfaction in) e.g: We pride ourselves on always being punctual Base on something: dựa vào một cái gì đó e.g: base on my true story.
Insist on someone doing something: nài nỉ e.g: She insisted on him wearing a suit.
Elaborate on something or someone: tả chi tiết
e.g: I want to know more about Kelly. Could you elaborate on her?
Depend (upon)on someone/something: dựa vào một ai đó hoặc một cái gì đó.
e.g: Can I depend on you to do this right? You can depend upon me for help.
*Lưu ý: “Upon” là cách dùng “trang trọng” và ít được sử dụng hơn “On”
Decide (upon)on someone or something: phán quyết e.g: I decided on chocolate.
Impose (up)on someone: phiền hà
e.g: I don't mean to impose upon you, but could you put me up for the night? Don’t worry I won’t let you impose on me.
*Lưu ý: “Upon” là cách dùng “trang trọng” và ít được sử dụng hơn “On”
• Insure something against something: bảo vệ hoặc bảo vệ chống lại một cái gì đó You must insure against theft and fire.
Protest against someone or something:
- khiếu nại Valerie is always protesting about some problem at work.
- biểu tình chống lại
- A number of people protested about the war. They were mainly protesting against the draft verb + about
• Concern oneself about : quan tâm đến một ai hoặc cái gì.
e.g: Please don’t concern yourself about me. I’ll do okay.
• Boast about (of) someone or something: đề cao (khoác lác) e.g: Is he boasting about his car again?
verb + of
convict sb of sth: kết án ai vì tội gì
There wasn't sufficient evidence to convict him of the crime.
accuse sb of sth: buộc tội ai vì điều gì
It was most unkind of you to cruelly accuse him of being a thief.
remind sb of sth: nhắc nhớ ai về điều gì
The alarm reminded Tim of his doctor’s appointment.
suspect sb of sth: nghi ngờ ai về điều gì
I suspect the cleaner of stealing those stationery supplies.
verb + to
appeal to: thu hút, hấp dẫn
It's a programme designed to appeal mainly to 16 to 25-year-olds.
succeed to: thừa kế, thừa hưởng
Mary succeeded to the throne at the age of three months.
resort to: phải dùng đến (cách)
When the electricity went out, we resorted to heating water in the fireplace.
react to: phản ứng, đáp lại
I should be able to react professionally to such situations.
prefer sth/Ving to sth/Ving: thích/ưu tiên điều gì hơn điều gì Some people prefer a vegetarian diet to a meat-based diet.
apply to: ứng dụng vào
An eco-friendly concept was applied to the exterior design of this building.
commit oneself to sth: ai cống hiến, cam kết làm gì She settled down and committed herself to her career.
get used to sth/Ving: làm quen với việc gì
We’ve got used to people interrupting conversations to check their phones.
Exercise 1
Complete each sentence with one suitable preposition:
1. Would you mind refrain ____________ smoking in the lecture hall.
2. I can’t stand the way he is always boasting ____________ her wealthy husband.
3. Being rich doesn’t count ____________ much on a desert island.
4. The problem stems ____________ the local government ’s lack of action.
5. This year’s conference coincided _________ 2 other major conventions.
Exercise 1
Complete each sentence with one suitable preposition:
6. My sister is always confusing Tom ____________ Tommy.
7. I pleaded ____________ John to change his mind, but he won’t listen.
8. When I asked Tom, he hinted ____________ the chance of a promotion for me.
9. Is it impossible to insure my car ____________ theft?
10. I really prefer just about anything ____________ watching television.
Exercise 2
Complete each sentence with one suitable preposition:
1.Peter always trusts me with his secrets.
In
Peter always……….in me.
2. A true story forms the basis of Mary’s new novel on
Mary’s new novel ………a true story.
3. I thought it was marvelous that Jane could jump so high At
I ……….to jump so high 4. A lot of people were packed on to the bus
With
The bus ………..people.
5. You were in my dreams last night About
I ……….you last night
6. Tom was asked to leave the school for bad behavior From
Tom was……… for bad behavior
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