SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM

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TỔ NGOẠI NGỮ

TRƯỜNG THPT BÌNH CHÁNH

TIẾNG ANH 12

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UNIT 4

SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM

PART E –LANGUAGE FOCUS

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A- PRONUNCIATION

Stress in three-syllable words

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MỘT SỐ QUY TẮC TRỌNG ÂM

1. Trọng âm rơi vào CHÍNH NÓ:

-ee, -eer, -ese -ain, -ique, -esque

referee, volunteer, Vietnamese, picturesque 2. NHẤN ÂM TRƯỚC NÓ:

-ion, -ic, -ics, -ial, -itive, -ious, -ian, -ity

attention, essential, sensitive, delicious, musician 3. NHẤN ÂM THỨ 3 TÍNH TỪ CUỐI LÊN:

· -ate, -ary, -cy, -gy, -phy, -ise/ -ize

decorate, vacancy, biology, memorize,

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algebra /ˈældʒɪbrə/

chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/

computing /kəmˈpjuːtɪŋ/

carefully /ˈkeəfəli/

academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk / cinema /ˈsɪnəmə /

politics /ˈpɒlətɪks/

primary /ˈpraɪməri/

compulsory /kəmˈpʌlsəri/

physical /ˈfɪzɪkl/

statistics /stəˈtɪstɪk/

September /sepˈtembə(r)/

LISTEN AND REPEAT

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Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.

1. A. attention B. informality C. situation D. education 2. A. official B. athletics C. communicate D. secondary 3. A. concentrate B. certificate C. quality D. separate

4. A. apologize B. American C. minority D. pessimistic

5. A. interviewee B. technology C. maintain D. statistics

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B- GRAMMAR

PASSIVE VOICE

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Active: S + V + O +... time

Passive: S + be + V3/ed + ... (by O) + time

Passive voice

Mary takes the dog for a walk every morning.

→ The dog is taken for a walk by Mary every morning.

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TENSES Active Passive

1. HTD V(s/es) am/is/are/ + V₃/ed 2. HTTD am/ is/ are + V-ing am/ is/ are + being + V₃/ed 3. HTHT has/have + V₃ / Ved has/have + been + V₃/ed 4. QKD V₂/ed was/ were + V₃/ed

5. QKTD was/ were + V-ing was / were + being + V₃/ed

6. QKHT had + V₃ /ed had + been + V₃/ed

7. TLĐ will + V will + be + V₃/ed

8. can, could, should,

must…

used to be going to

can, could,

should, must,… + V used to

be going to

can, could,

should, must,… + be + V₃/ed used to

be going to

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Lưu ý:

1. Khi chủ ngữ là people, someone, somebody, I, you, he, she, it, we, they → bỏ, không dùng “ by + O “ trong câu bị động.

2.Khi chủ ngữ là No one, No body → bỏ, không dùng “ by + O “, câu bị động thêm not, nếu có ever → never.

3. Cụm từ chỉ nơi chốn đặt trước “by + O” , cụm từ chỉ thời gian đặt sau “by+ O”.

3. Vị trí trạng từ chỉ sự thường xuyên: be + trạng từ + V

₃

/ed

4. Trong câu có 2 tân ngữ, nếu chọn tân ngữ 2 làm S trong câu bị động → thêm giới từ sau V3/ed.

be given to O

be made for O

be bought for O

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Examples:

1. Peter gave her a present on her birthday.

2. I made him a cup of tea.

→ She was given a present by Peter on her birthday.

→ A present was given to her by Peter on her birthday.

→ He was made a cup of tea.

→ A cup of tea was made for him.

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Exercise 1: Choose the best answer

1. Computers ___________to do a lot of jobs these days.

A. are used B. have used C. use D. are using

2. When we got home, dinner __________, so we had a drink first.

A. was preparing B. had been prepared

C. was being prepared D. was prepared

3. Beethoven's Fifth Symphony _______ next weekend.

A. will be performing B. has been performed

C. will have performed D. is going to be performed 4. The trees________________.

A. were grown by John yesterday in the backyard B. were grown in the backyard by John yesterday C. were grown in the backyard yesterday by John D. in the backyard were grown yesterday by John 5. __________________yet?

A. Have been the letters typed B. Have the letters been typed C. Have the letters typed D. Had the letters typed

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S

^a+ V^a that S^b

+ V

^b

...

C1: It + be V

₃

/ed that S

^b

+ V

^b

...

C2: S

^b

+ be V

₃

/ed + to V (cùng thì/ chưa xảy ra)

to have V

₃

/ed (khác thì / đã xảy ra trước đó)

Câu bị động đặc biệt

* C1: nếu chủ từ là It, chia bị động cho V^a, MĐ sau that viết lại.

* C2: Nếu chủ từ là S^b, chia bị động cho V^a, V^bchuyển thành to Vo/ to have V3/ed

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Examples:

1. People say that he was crazy.

→ It is said that he was crazy.

→ He is said to have been crazy.

2. People say that money brings happiness.

→ It is said that money brings happiness.

→ Money is said to bring happiness.

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Exercise 2: Choose the best answer

1. Mr. Pike ____________the most famous archaeologist in our city.

A. says to be B. is said to be C. is said that D. said to be 2. Reagan__________ an actor years ago.

A. is said to be B. was said being

C. was said have been D. is said to have been

3. It__________ that learning a foreign language__________ a lot of time.

A. says / is taken B. is saying / has been taken C. is said / takes D. was said / was taken.

4. It is said that Henry eats 10 eggs a day.

A. Henry is said that he eats 10 eggs a day. B. Henry is said to eat 10 eggs a day.

C. Henry is said to have eaten 10 eggs a day. D. Henry was said to eat 10 eggs a day.

5. Many people believe that God created the world.

A. God is believed to have created the world.

B. It believes that God created the world.

C. The world is believed God created.

D. God is believed to create the world.

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Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences, using the passive voice.

1. They built this school in 1997.

→...

2. They are painting the kitchen now.

→...

3. They have just built a new primary school in my village.

→...

4. They will speak English at the conference.

→...

5. Many people think that Steve stole the money.

→ It...

→ Steve...

6. People say that he won a lot of money on the lottery.

→ It...

→ He...

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Thank you for your attention

Goodbye!