Bao ve moi truong iuu vuc song Dong Nai

Moi trudng vd phdt trien ben vUng

Bao ve moi truong iuu vuc song Dong Nai

O NGUYEN KHOI

V

giao chiic Chu tfch Oy ban BVMT fiAi vifi he thdng sdng Ddng Nai, nhfem kjf 2013 - 2015. TrS qua hon 5 nam thuc hiin, "Di in bio vi ma tvdng luu vuc he tfidng smg Bdng Nai", chU lugng nudc trong fuu vpc van chua dupc cii thfin d^ k^ nhiai naf vai cdn d nhiem nghiim trgng va cue bd. Thpc tr^ng niy dit ra nhiem vu cip bdch vd lau ddf cho cic bd, nginh va dja phUdng n^ bin IUU vuc.

v a n c d n d n h i l m n g h i e m trong va cue bp

Sau nam nam trien khai O l an, mac dii da dat mdt s d ke't qua bude dau, nhifng thyc le ngudn nude sdng Ddng Nai v l n bi d nhilm, trong dd cd d n h i l m nghiem trpng eye bd d mdt sd khu VUe tai nhiing doan sdng hoac nhanh sdng cd nhieu khu ehe xual, khu edng nghiep, ed sd san xuat hoac dan e u d d n g .

Theo Tmng lam Cdng nghe mdi trudng (ENTEC): Udc linh mdi ngay. cac khu dd thj, doanh nghiep dpc luu vyc he thd'ng sdng Ddng Nai thai ra khoang gan 5 trieu m^

nude thai sinh hoal va cdng nghiep vdi t i n g lupng BOD 600.000kg, 1,1 trieu kg COD, 200.000kg NitP, 760.000kg SS... Vi vay, chat lupng nudc luu VUe sdng Ddng Nai vao nhieu thdi d i l m da khdng dat tieu

Sdng Ddng Nai - dia phan chay qua TP. Bien Hoa.

chuan nude cap phue vu sinh hoal, dae biet, nudc sdng Thi Vai khdng dat quy chua'n ngudn nude nudi trdng thuy san. Ben canh dd, viec dau tu phat tnen manh me he thdng thiiy lpi tudi tieu, xay dyng eae hd ehda tai lull vye dang dan de'n cae nguy cd xdi mdn, Irupt, sut. Id, lun da'l; xdi Id bd sdng, bd sudi, bd hd; bdi lang Idng sdng, long sudi, Idng hd; gay nen tinh trang suy thoai da't, nUdc, DDSH tren he thd'ng sdng, hd.

Ket qua quan t r i e mdi nha'l eua Trung lam Quan t r i e va Ky thuat mdi trudng Odng Nai cho thay, doan sdng I d eau Hoa An den c l u Ddng Nai la khu vuc chay qua dd thi TP. Bien Hoa, la ndi tiep nhan nhieu ngudn xa I d eac nha may, KCN, chat lupng mdi trudng nude mat doan sdng nay bi d nhiem nang. N h i l u vj tri, dae biet la

doan I d lang ca be va khu wUc cd'ng xa cua Nha may Giay Tan Mai va noi tie'p nhan ngudn thai eiia KCN Bien Hda 1, cha't lUpng mdi trUdng nudc bi d n h i l m nghiem trong Nhieu thdng sd vuat quy chuan, trong dd nang nha'l la ham lupng sal, chat hull cd va vi khuan gay benh. Cy I h l , cac chat Fe, 0 0 (lupng oxy hoa tan), COD (lupng dxy can thiet cho qua trinh dxy hoa chat hCfu co), N-NH4 (lupng ni tP - amoni), P-PO4 (ham lUdng photpho) va eac loai vi khua'n gay benh n h u E.Coli, Coliform deu vupt chuan quy dinh.

Dac biet, doan sdng khu vyc dd thi Bien Hda - ndi cung cap ngudn nudc sinh boat cho khoang 10 tneu dan TP. Hd Chi Mmh va T P Bien Hda. Day chinh la ndi tiep nhan ngudn nUdc sinh boat ciia Nha may nude ThO Ode, Nha may

Toi n g u y e n v a M o i t r a d n g | Ky 1 • Thing 7/2013 4 7

nUdc Tan Hiep va Nha may nUdc Binh An.

Nguyen nhan eha't lupng nUdc sdng Ddng Nai chua ed nhilu cai Ihien la do ngudn nudc thai sinh hoat, san xua't ehua qua xd ly thai thang ra sdng; chat thai ran sinh hoat, y te, cdng nghiep chUa dUdc thu gom, xif ly va sd nhieu vln xa tryc liep ra sdng; tinh trang khai thae khoang san phia thupng ngudn ed chiiu hudng tac ddng rat xau den chat lupng ngudn nude;

dien tieh rimg giam manh do cac dja phUdng uu tien phat tnen kinh te; dien tieh rimg ngap man ven bien dang suy giam nghiem trpng va ngudn DDSH dang suy kiet.

Nguon nudc he thdng sdng Ddng Nai bi d nhilm da gay ra nhilu tae ddng lieu eye ldi ddi sdng ciia hang chyc trieu ngUdi dan tren luu vye, dac biet la viee cung cap nude sinh hoat cho cac dd th! Idn. Theo Quy hoach long t h i phat trien KT-XH eiia TP.

Hd Chi Minh de'n nam 2020, tam nhin den nam 2025, Thanh phd pha'n da'u eung cap du nguon nUde sach cho sinh hoat va san xuat;

bao dam ngudn cap nUdc trong dieu kien img phd vdi BDKH va BVMT; dae biet, se cha'm dirt hoan loan tinh trang khai thae nude dudi vao nam 2025. Lieu TP Hd Chi Mmh cd dat dupc mye lieu nay khi LVS Ddng Nai ngay eang cd dau hieu d nhilm nang hPn*?.

Can giai phap xuf ly ddng bo Bao ve mdi trudng he thd'ng LVS odng Nai cd lam quan trpng dac biet ddi vdi sy phai tnen ben vCfng lai 11 linh, thanh phd tren luu vye. Do vay, d l ehii ddng phdng tranh thUc trang tren, eae van d l cap bach eiia he thd'ng LVS Ddng Nai can dupe giai quyel theo phUPng thdc long hpp va thd'ng nhat Iren loan luu vuc, Iheo lUng nganh va kit hpp hai hoa theo dja

gidi hanh chinh eiia 11 tinh, thanh phd. Cu the, phai thye hien quy hoach luu vyc nhung khdng phan biet ranh gidi hanh chinh; bao ve va bao ton he sinh thai ty nhien cLia LVS, dae biet la dien tieh rdng Nam Cat Tien. Day la khu vyc trCf nudc va cap nUde quan trong nha't cOa sdng Ddng Nai. Xem viee phdng ngda, giam thieu va ngan chan suy thoai mdi tnrdng la ehu ye'u, ke't hdp tifng budc xd ly khae phyc eac diem ndng ONMT, nha't la doan thudc khu vue ngudn nude cap phye vy sinh hoat.

Dd'i vdi eac cP sd san xua't, KCN, khu che xuat, cum cdng nghiep (CCN), can thiet phai thyc hien eac bien phap xd ly d nhilm dat yeu cau trude khi eho phep thai ra mdi trUdng. Cdn vdi eac cd sd san xuat mdi trong pham vi luu vyc phai ap dyng cdng nghe sach hoac diing cdng nghe xd ly d nhilm bao dam dau ra dat quy chuan mdi trudng. LTu tien thyc hien quy hoach BVMT he thdng LVS Dong Nai long ghep, gin kit vdi eac ke hoach, chUdng trinh, dy an khae cd lien quan eiia Nha nude, eae bd, nganh va lUng dia phuang tren luu vye; day manh xa hdi hda BVMT he thdng LVS Dong Nai; ke thda tdl da eac ket qua nghien culi eiia cac quy hoach, ke hoach, chuang trinh, dy an lien quan den BVMT he thdng LVS Dong Nai, timg tiiu luu vyc, timg nganh, tirng dia phUPng da thyc hien trong nhCmg nam qua.

Cac bd, nganh trong pham vi chdc nang, nhiem vu, quyin han cLia minh ean tieh eye tham gia phdi hpp chat ehe vdi cac dja phuong tren luu vUc trong qua Irinh trien khai D l an. Trong dd, Bd Tai chinh, Bd KH&DT ehii tri, phd'i hpp vdi Bd TN&MT de ed cd che phan bd va sd dung ngudn kinh phi ehi td nguon su nghiep mdi trUdng va eac ngudn vd'n khae lai eae tinh.

thanh phd tren luu vue, bao dam dung muc dieh; dae biet la, ddl vdi eac tinh ed vd'n ngan sach thap va phan bd chua hdp ly ngudn vdn chi su nghiep mdi trudng; uu lien danh ngan saeh de eac edng trinh xd ly nude thai, chat thai ran tai cae khu ddthi, KCN, CCN.

Cac tinh, thanh phd tren luu vue can khan truong xay dyng, thyc hien ke hoaeh va bd tri kinh phi thda dang d l day nhanh lien dp xay dyng cae edng trinh xd ly nude thai, chat thai ran tai eae khu dd thj, khu cdng nghiep va CCN.

odng thdi, tiep tuc day manh cdng tac kilm tra, thanh tra, xd ly nghiem cae cd sd gay ONMT theo quy djnh ciia phap luat; thudng xuyen hdn nua nang cao nhan thde ve BVMT eho eac to chdc, ca nhan va cdng ddng dan eulren he Ihdng LVS Odng Nai.

Ngoai ra, cae dia phUdng tren luu vyc can tiep tyc tang cUdng cdng lac thanh tra, kiem tra doanh nghiep gay ONMT, tien hanh xd ly triet d l nhumg doanh nghiep cd tinh vi pham, ke ca bien phap riit giay phep, ddng cCfa boat ddng.

Ddng thdi, khdng cap phep cho nhiing dU an cd the gay ONMT Oac biet, can sdm thdng nha't cd ehe phd'i hdp gida cae tinh, thanh phd trong luu vuc, khae phuc ngay cae xung dot Ipi ieh cue bd, tuyel ddi tranh tinh trang vi ldi ich ciia dja phUdng minh ma bat chap thiet hai ve ldi ieh eiia eac dia phUdng khac tren I Lfu vUc.

Bp TN&MT dang xay dyng dy thao Nghi dmh trinh Chinh phCi ban hanh danh muc nhung nganh nghe han ehe dau tU tren eac lUu vUe sdng. Ddng thdi, kiln nghj Chinh phii tim giai phap thao gdve nhan lUe, ngudn vdn va cO che quan ly."

4 S Tai nguyen va Mdi traong I Kyi -Thing 7/2013