Tap chi khoa hgc trUdng Dqi hgc Quy Nhcfn Tqp V, sd 1 nam 2011
NHtfNG TRAN THUY CHIEN
TREN DAIM THJ N^I THC^I TRUNG DAI
TRAN QU6C TUAN", LE THI HOANG AN"
Dam Thi Nai, ten chff la Hdi Hac Ddm, nguyen gd'c tieng Phan la Cri Vinaya dd dffdc phien dm qua tieng Hdn thdnh Thi-li-bi-ngi, gpi tat la Thi Nai vd dpe thdnh Thi Nai. Ddy la mpt dam nffdc mdn vd Id dim ldn nhd't ciia tinh Binh Dinh, ed dien tich bdn 5.000 ha, chay ddi hdn 10 km, be rOng khodng 4 km; gidp vdi buyfn Tuy Phffde, thdnh phd Quy Nhdn d phia Tay vd Nam, gidp vdi ddy niii Trieu Chdu (Phffdng Mai) d phia Ddng, gidp vdi huyen Pbii Cat d phia Bac.
Tff the ki II, mdt phan dam Thi Nai dffdc sff dijng ldm thffdng cdng va quan cdng. Lffe nay, dam edn tiidng vdi bidn Ddng bang bai cffa cbinh la cffa Ke Thff (Cdeh Thff) d phia Bac (Phff Cat) vd cffa Thi Nai d phia Nam (Quy Nhdn). Day Trieu Chdu tao thdnh ta'm binh phong tff nhien che chan cho dam va cffng vdi Cff Lao Xanh giff vi tri tien tieu cho ea khu vffe.
Ngay tff the'ki X, khi ngffdi Chdm quyet dinh chpn chdu Vi-giay-a (Vijaya-Cbd Ban-Dd Ban, Binh Dinh ngdy nay) ldm kinh dd thi bp cung xem xet rd't ki vi tri chie^n Iffdc ldi hai eua dam Thi Nai vd can than hdn, hp cdn cho xdy dffng thanh Thi Nai (nay'thudc thdn Binh Ldm, xa Phffde Hda, huyen Tuy Phffde) dd "diphdng mat bien", ldm chd't chdn cud'i effng d phia ddng kinh thdnh, phdng khi chd't d effa bidn khdng edn.
Do vi tri chid^n Iffdc md dam Thi Nai dd didn ra nhieu trdn thuy chie'n de liet giffa cdc lffe Iffdng dd md dffdng tien vao chiem linh vffng dd't nay-ndi ed thanh Dd Bdn, kinh dd effa Vffdng qud'c Chain-pa, thdnh Hodng De, kinh dd eua Trung ffdng Hodng dd^
Nguydn Nhae thdi Tdy Sdn, ddng thdi khd'ng che cdc eon dffdng thuy bp xung quanh.
Trong bai viet nay, chung tdi trinh bdy nhffng net ed ban ve cac tran thuy chie'n tieu bieu giffa cdc lffe Iffdng didn ra tren dam Thi Nai, qua dd hieu rd bdn ve lich sff effa vung dd't nay; ddc biet la vi tri quan trpng ciia dam Thi Nai ddi vdi sff phdt tridn kinh te xd hdi, an ninh - qud'c phdng trong qud khff va hien nay.
1. QUAN HE DAI VIET-CHAMPA v A NHLfNG TRAN CHIEN TREN DAM THI NAI GI0A HAI NLfCfC (THE KY X-THE KY XV)
1.1. Quan he Dai Vi^t-Champa
Theo sff sach ghi lai, sff kien dau tien ghi dd'u md'i quan he than thien, lien minh giffa Dai Viet va Cham-pa xay ra nam 1044. Sau khi dem quan cbinh phat Cham-pa trd vd, Ly Thdi Tdng da de hoang tff thff tdm la Uy Minh Vffdng Ly Nhat Quang trd'n giff vffng dd't Nghe An. Mpt thdi gian sau, Cham-pa cd loan, vua Chdm cho sff gia den
80 TRAN Q U 6 C TUXN, Lfe THI HOANG AN cau vien Dai Viet, L^ Thdi Tdng cff L^ Nhat Quang dem qudn vao giup. Khi qudn Ciia Ly Nhdt Quang mdi tid'n vdo cffa Thi Nai, ddng dffdi nffi Tam Toa de xem xet tinh binh thi qudn phien loan d day nghe tin, chiing sd hai cCing nhau keo den effa quan sijp lay vd cam doan se theo lenb vua Chdm khdng ddm ldm phdn. De tffdng nhd eong dffc Ciia L]^ Nhdt Quang, sau ndy ngffdi Chdm da lap den thd dng d nffi Tam Toa thuOc day Trieu Chdu.
Ddc biet bdn ca la khi Dai Viet vd Cham-pa lien minh vdi nhau ehd'ng lai quan xam Iffdc nhd Nguydn. Ndin 1280 nhd Nguyen ehii y den viec ddnh chiem Cham-pa de kiem soat con dffdng hdng hai d phia Nam, chiem "xff sd cua vdng"
Cling nhieu san vdt quy nhff ngd voi, tram hffdng. Thffc bien dm mffu ndy, thang 6 nam Nhdm Ngp (7/1282), vua Nguyen ra lenb dieu 5.000 quan d cdc tinh Hodi Trie't, Phuc Kie'n, Ho Qudng vdi 350 chien thuyen giao cho Toa Dd (Sagatou) ehi huy chud'n bi ddnh Cham-pa, chung yeu cau Dai Viet cho mffdn dffdng vd cung edp Iffdng thdo nhffng bi vua tdi nhd Tran tff chdi. Tuy nhien, qudn Nguyen vln quyet tdm xdm Iffdc vd chd'p nhan tan cdng Cham-pa bang dffdng thuy, mac dii chiing khdng qud manh ve thiiy qudn.
Thdng 11 ndm Nhdm Ngp (12/1282), qudn Nguyen do Toa Dd chi huy theo dffdng bidn tidn thang den kinh dd Vijaya ciia Cham-pa. Theo Nguyen sff, dpi qudn xdm Iffdc da den: "cffa cdng phia Bde nd'i liin vdi bien, bin canh cd 5 cdng nho, thdng vdi Dai Chdu cua nUdc dy, phia Ddng Nam cd nui ngdn, phia Tdy cd thdnh go"
[1; 145]. Nhff vdy, qudn Nguyen de'n dam Thi Nai thdng qua cffa Ke Thff, tff damed the di theo cdc effa sdng dd den kinh dd Vijaya ma ngffdi Nguyen vd'n khdng quen sdng nffdc gpi la "5 cdng nhd" Phia Tdy ciia dam la toa thdnh Thi Nai-cbd't chan quan trpng nha't bao ve kinh dd d phia Ddng md ngffdi Nguyen van gpi la thdnh go.
Dem 13/2/1283, qudn Nguyen chia 3 mui td'n cdng thdnh Thi Nai. Mui thff nha't do Tran Trpng Dat chi huy dem 1.600 qudn danh mat Bac ciia thdnh. Mui tiiff hai do Trffdng Bdn chi huy dem 300 qudn ddnh vao doi dd't phia Ddng effa tiidnh. Cdn mui chff lffe do Toa Dd chi huy 3.000 qudn td'n cdng mat Nam effa tiidnh. Trffde sffe ep du"
dpi eua qudn Nguyen, nhffng Cham-pa khdng be khud't phuc, vua Indravarman V va thdi tff Hajirit kien quyet ddnh tra. Cude chie'n dd'u didn ra de liet, tiie tran giang eo, duy trt sudt trong budi sdng, nhffng de'n trffa tiii qudn Cham-pa khdng cdn giff vffng tran dia nffa. Quan Nguyen tdp trung ddnh manh d cffa phia Nam va tran vdo thdnh.
Qudn Cham-pa riit lui, thanh Thi Nai rdi vdo tay giac.
Thanh Thi Nai thd't thii la mdt tdn tha't ldn dd'i vdi Cham-pa, trffde tinh tiie do vua Cham quyet dinh bd kinh dd Vijaya (Do Ban), ra lenb rut ta't cd lffe Iffdng vao rffng nui vd gia vd giang hda. Nhd sff mffu tri eua vua Bao Thodt Thd'c Hoa (Bhadraveda) ma kd hoach trd bang thanh cdng, quan Cham-pa effng ed lai lffe lffdng, xay dffng edn eff mdi tren nui Nha Hau vd chd quan tiep vien tff Panduranga, Amavarati.
N H U N G T R A N THUY CHIEN TREN DAM THI NAI T H 6 1 TRUNG DAI 81 Liic nay vua Tran cung bi mat cho qudn sang giiip Champa: "... An phd sff Quynh Chdu
Id Trdn Trgng Dat nghe Trinh Thien Huu ndi rdng Giao Chi thdng mUu vdi Chiim Thdnh, sai 2 van qudn vd 500 thuyin ffng vien" [2; 160].
Trffde tinh binh do, Toa Dd ehii trffdng riit quan ra bd bien Quy Nhdn vd cho ngffdi ve nffdc xin them vien binh. Nhffhg vi do thid'u Iffdng thffc, ddi khdt, bdnh tat va binh linh thffdng xuyen bi tap kich nen Toa Dd quydt dinh dem dai qudn tie'n ra vilng gan bien gidi phia Nam ciia Dai Viet. Ndm 1285, chdp thdi ed thudn ldi, Cham-pa td chffc phan cdng ddnh bai todn bd lffe Iffdng qudn Nguydn.
Cude khdng chien ehd'ng qudn xam Iffdc nha Nguyen ciia Cham-pa ed sff giffp sffe cua Dai Viet gianh thang ldi, md ra thdi ki td't dep trong quan he giffa hai nffdc.
Nhffng cdi chet eua Che Mdn (Jayavarman VII) vd viec Tran Khae Chung cffu cdng chiia Huyen Trdn thodt khdi canh ehdt theo chdng ndi dd't khdch que ngffdi, dd khae sdu md'i bd't ddng vd'n tam lang trong quan he hai nffdc vd gay nen sff xung dot, xa cdeh, tiiff ban giffa hai vffdng qudc tff dd ve sau. Dam Thi Nai chinh la chffng nhdn chffng kie^n day du sff tiidng tram dd.
1.2. Nhffng tran chid'n trdn dam Thi Nai giO^a Dai Vidt va Cham-pa
* Trdn ddnh ldn ddu tiin Id qudn Cham-pa phuc binh ddnh bai dao qudn hung hdu do vua Trdn Due Tdng chi huy trin dam TM Ngi.
Khi hffng manh, Cham-pa thffdng xuyen cho quan linh qud'y phd vffng bien gidi Dai Viet, nen vua Tran Due Tdng da quye't dem qudn di cbinh phat dd vffa bdo thff, vffa canh edo. Nam Binh Thin (1376), vua ddn 12 van qudn, chia ldm hai dffdng thuy bd cffng tan cdng Cham-pa. De'n thdng gidng nam Dinh Ti (1377), vua cho qudn tid'n vdo effa Thi Nai vd nhanh chdng chiem eff cdc ddn Iffy quan trpng nhff Thach Kieu, ddng Ky Mang (vffng Quy Hda, Ghenh Rdng, Xudn Quang ngdy nay). Do ddnh chidm dd ddng nhff vdy, ldm cho vua Tran Dud Tdng dac chi, md't cdnh gide, dng da phdt Id mpi ldi can ngan cffa tffdng si, tin theo ldi cffa ke trd bang la Miae Bd Na khai rang:
Chi' Bdng Nga da bd chay, kinh thdnh trdng khdng, de rdi vdi vd keo qudn lin ddnh chii'm Do Bdn (Vijaya) md roi vdo dphuc kich cua qudn Cham-pa, ldm cho vua vd cdc tudng Dd LM, Nguyin Ngp Hda, Pham Huyin Linh diu thiet mang [3; 172].
* Sang thi'kiXV. chid'n sff giffa Dai Ngu vd Cham-pa didn ra bdn tiic, chff yd'u la trdn phan lanh thd Cham-pa vdi ffu thd' ngbidng ve qudn nha Hd. Nam Nhdm Ngp (1402), vua Ho Han Thffdng ddn quan vdo Thi Nai ddnh vao kinh do Dd Bdn. Dai quan ddng dao, kbi thd' hung manh lam vua Chdm la Ba Dieb Lai lo sd, ben dang dd't Chidm Ddng vd Cd Luy de xin rfft qudn. Ho Quy Ly nhdn vffng dd't ndy, sdt nhap vdo nffdc ta va chia thanh bdn chdu: Thang, Hoa, Tff, Nghia (Quang Nam, Quang Ngai ngdy nay).
* Thdi thudc Minh, Cham-pa dffa vdo thidn trieu dd chidm lai Chidm Dpng vd
82 TRAN QUOC TUAN, Lfe THI HOANG AN Co Luy. Tff dd, qudn Cham-pa ben tiac qud'y phd viing Hda Chdu. Ndm Canh Thin (1470), vua Chdm la Tra Todn dem bdn 10 vein quan thiiy bO, voi ngffa ra ddnh chiem Hda Chdu, "thd ngff Thudn Hda Id Pham Vdn Hiin ddnh khdng ndi, lua ddn vdo thdnh, chay thu edo edp" [4; 42- 43]. Ngay ldp tffc, Ld Thdnh Tdng quyet dinh than cbinh, dan dau dodn qudn bdn 20 van tinh binh vdo ddnh Cham-pa. Vua can than xet rd tinh binh, ndn tff Thudn Hda ddnh vdo Thi Nai md khdng vd'p phdi khd khdn ldn ndo.
Cud'i thdng 2 ndm Tdn Ti (1471), dai binh tdn cdng thdnh Thi Ngi, qudn Cham-pa chdng giff khdng ndi, vua Trd Todn phdi ra linh bd thdnh Thi Ngi, rut qudn vi giff kinh dd Do Bdn. Qudn nhd Li nhanh chdng tii'n lin, bao vdy vd tdn cdng kinh dd Do Bdn bdt Trd Todn vd hon 3 van tu nhdn [5; 476]. Dai Viet todn thing, ehd'm dfft thdi ki phdt tridn eiia vffdng qud'c Cham-pa dpe ldp.
2. N H O N G T R A N G I A O T R A N H GI0A TAY SdN VA NHA NGUYEN TREN DAM THI NAI C u 6 l THE KY XVIII DAU THE KY XIX
Cud'i thd' ki XVIII, viing dd't Vijaya xffa, phff Quy Nhdn vffdn ldn trd thdnh trung tdm cffa dd't nffdc. Ndm 1771, phong trdo Tdy Sdn bung nd va Udn tid'p gianh thang ldi. Ndm 1778, chinh quyen Trung ffdng Hodng dd Nguyen Nhae dffdc thanh lap vd xdy dffng kinh dd trdn vffng dd't eua thanh Do Bdn, ld'y tdn Id tiidnh Hoang De thudc phff Quy Nhdn. Tff ddy, Quy Nhdn giff vi tri effc ki quan trpng, la manh dd't td tidn, dd't day nghidp eua anh em Tdy Sdn ndn bp ludn cd y thffc bao vd, giff gin. Dieu ndy giai thich vi sao nhffng trdn giao chid'n dff dpi nhd't giffa qudn Nguyen Anh vd qudn Tdy Sdn dien ra trdn vffng dd't nay, ma tidu diem la khu vffe dam Thi Nai. Trong vdng 10 ndm (1792-1801), dam Thi Nai chffng kid'n ta't ea cdc trdn ddnh de lidt giffa lffe Iffdng eiia bai nhd Nguydn.
* Trdn ddnh ddu tiin giffa luc lugng cua hai nhd Nguyin dien ra trin cffa biin TH Ngi Id vdo ndm Nhdm Ti (1792). Liic ndy Quang Trung hdp tde vdi vua Thai Dffc chuan bi kd hoach td'n cdng Gia Dinh. Mua he, ldi diang gid mffa thdi manh, Nguyen Anh sai cdc tffdng Nguydn Vdn Trffdng, Nguyen Van Thanh di tiieo dffdng thuy ra phd be thdng phdng vd eua qudn Tdy Sdn d cffa Thi Nai. Qudn Nguyen dffng hda cdng ddt chdy thuy trai Tay Sdn. Dd ddc Thanh ehd'ng giff khdng ndi, phai chay ldn tiidnh Hodng Dd, gpi qudn cffu vidn. Nguyen Anh thffa tiiang dd bd ldn dd't lien, ddng qudn d chd Thi Nai. Song Udn sau dd bi dai binh Tay Sdn keo xud'ng danh lui.
* Hdng ndm nhdn gid mua thdi manh, Nguyin Anh diu cho thuy qudn ra ddnh phd vung Thi Ngi, Quy Nhon ldm cho triiu dinh Thdi Dffc hodng so, phdi cdu vien Phu Xudn. Vua Cdnh Thinh da eff thai uy Pham Cdng Hffhg, dai tff Id Ld Trung, dai tff ma Ngd Vdn Sd dem 17.000 quan, 80 eon voi va Ddng Van Chan ddn bdn 30 chid'n tiiuyen, thuy bd cung tid'n vao Quy Nhdn. Nguyen Anh Udu khdng ehd'ng ndi lien rut binh ve.
Gid day Nguyen Nhae da khdng the tff bao vd dffdc lanh thd effa minh trffde sffe ta'n cdng effa ke thff ldn nha't la Nguydn Anh. Tinh binh da rd't khd'n ca'p, trieu Tay Sdn
NHtfNG TRAN THUY CHI^N TREN DAM THI NAI TH^I TRUNG DAI §3 can phai thd'ng nhd't ndi bd vd de cho dpi qudn thidn chid'n nha't trffc tid'p dffdng dau
vdi quan Nguydn Anh.
* Nhiiu ldn ddnh Quy Nhon khdng thdnh, Nguyen Anh clu cffu vua Xidm sang ddnh ld'y Thudn Hda bode Nghe An vd sai Ngd Nhdn Tinh di sff nhd Thanh dd clu phong ldm qudc vffdng tiiay Canh Thinh. Ngodi ra, edn vid't thff khuydn Nguyen Bdo (eon Nguyen Nhae) ndi day ehd'ng lai Cdnh Thinh. Ndi bd ti-ieu Tay Sdn liJC diac, Nguydn Anh dem qudn danh Quy Nhdn mdt lan nffa, nhffng van khdng gidnh dffdc tiiang ldi.
* Thdng 3 ndm Ki Mui (1799), Nguyin Anh quydt tdm dem dai qudn ra ddnh Quy Nhon. Dd'n thdng 4, thuy qudn ciia Nguydn Anh da dd'n effa Thi Nai. Sau do, Nguyen Anh sai Vd Tdnh, Nguydn Hu^'nb Dffc dem qudn ldn bp ddng d Ham Long (Tuy Phffde), uy hiep thanh Hodng De vd Td'ng Vid't Phffde dem qudn ddng d nui Cung Qudng (Bdng Sdn), chud'n bi vide bd phdng, ddn ddnh qudn Phff Xudn vdo cffu vidn.
Sang tiidng 5, Nguydn Anh keo qudn ldn bao vdy thdnh Hoang Dd, td chffc danh lidn tue nhffhg khdng ha ndi, vi qudn Tdy Sdn do trd'n thu Ld Van Thanh ehi huy da ehd'ng eff quyet lidt, ddng effa thdnh cd thff vd ddi qudn cffu vidn. Dpi qudn Phff Xuan do Tran Quang Dieu vd Vd Vdn Dung chi buy mang theo sff menh vd hi vpng cffu ld'y Quy Nhdn, vdo dd'n Quang Ngdi thi bi qudn Nguydn chdn lai, qudn Tay Sdn bi mac ket, khdng the cffu Quy Nhdn. Trd'n thu Li Vdn Thanh khdng thay vien binh, luong thuc hi't dd cung 13.000 ngudi xin hdng [6; 388]. Nguyen Anh cho quan tid'n vao thdnh, truy sdt nghia qudn Tdy Sdn, sau do ddi ten la thanh Binh Dinh va bat dau thffc thi mpt sd' bidn phap tri an d vung mdi chidm, tid'n bdnh tuyen qudn, sap ddt quan lai, dd Vd Tdnh va Ngd Tffng Chdu d lai cffng mdt so' binh lffe, rdi dng trd ve Gia Dinh.
* Quy Nhon Id ddt td Tdy Son, vua Cdnh TMnh khdng the ldm ngo. Dau nam Canh Thdn (1800), cff Tran Quang Dieu vd Vd Van Dung dem dpi qudn chff lffe quye't gidnh lai Quy Nhdn bang mpi gia. Qudn bd tid'n vdo Thach Tdn, qudn thffy vdo effa Thi Nai effng ddnh Quy Nhdn. Qudn Tay Sdn tid'n sdt chdn thdnh, Vd Tdnh ddng effa thdnh ed thu, chd vidn binh. Tran Quang Dieu bao vdy cdng kich, sid't chat vdng vdy, cdn Vd Vdn Dung elm thffy binh giff effa bien Thi Nai, ddng d Bdi Nhan vd nui Tam Toa, khd'ng che dffdng vao dam. Ong cho hai chid'n thuyen Dinh qud'c, Dai bidu vd bdn tram thuyen khde ddng chan ngang cffa bidn d Ghenh Rdng, Phffdng Mai vd ddt sung dai bde de canh phdng qudn Nguydn Anh tid'p vidn tff phia Nam ra.
Vd Tdnh nguy khd'n vi bi bao vdy trong thanh sud't ndm 1800; edn Nguydn Anh dem hai dao thuy bp effng tid'n ra Quy Nhdn dd giai vdy cho Vd Tdnh, nhffug khdng the pha thung phdng tuyd'n eua qudn Tdy Sdn d cffa Thi Nai, tidn thoai Iffdng nan, ddnh phai rfft ve Gia Dinh.
* Thdng giing ndm Tdn Ddu (1801), Nguyin Anh quyi't tdm dai thuy chii'n nhdm phd vd phdng tuyi'n Thi Ngi. Ddm ram thdng gidng (27/2/1801), Nguydn Anh cho
84 TRAN QUOC TUAN. LE THI HOANG AN
quan xua't chid'n, ddng ddn 91 chid'n thuydn vdi dOi quan ldn dd'n 45.000 ngffdi vd 50.000 thiiy thii, Nguyen Vdn Trffdng cd nbiOm vii chi buy phdo ham tien phong den sdt thuyen Dai hidu, ehdt ddy neo va phdng hda ddt thuyen, cdc phdo ham Udn tiic nd dai bde. Cupe td'n cdng b^t dau. Dai bde qudn Tay Sdn tff Phffdng Mai va Bdi Nhan bdn tdi td'p vdo qudn Nguyen Anh, ddnh chim hdt dodn thuyen tidn phong.
Vd Di Nguy tff nan, qudn Nguyin Anh hoang mang, nhung Li Vdn Duyet thi tff chii'n, tii'p tue ddc binh tii'n lin, liiu chit vugt khdi tdm sffng, cung Nguyin Vdn TrUOng len vdo ddm phdng hda ddnh tff hai phia [7; 428- 429]. Lffa chdy manh vd theo gid tat vao thuyen Tay Sdn. Gid thdi cdng manh, lffa eat cdng cao, sang rffe ea mat bidn. Xen giffa Id nhffng loat siing nd, tie'ng qudn la hdt ram trdi day dd't. Tran chid'n de lift diln ra sud't ddm dd'n tan chieu hdm sau. Qudn Nguyen Anh bi chet vd sd, nhffhg thuyen Tay Sdn cung bi dd't trui rd't nhieu. Vd Vdn Dung thd'y lffe Iffdng bi thiet hai ndng vOi kdo qudn ldn dd't Uen, cCing Trin Quang Dieu giff nhffng ndi hiem ye'u khae.
Ddy Id trdn thiiy chid'n ldn nha't giffa qudn Tay Sdn vd qudn Nguyen Anh, ddng tiidi cung Id trdn ddnh quyd't bet nhd't trdn dim Thi Nai tff trffde tdi nay. Quan Nguyen Anh chid'm Thi Nai nhffhg khdng sao cffu ndi thdnh Binh Dinh. Sau khi tinh toan chat che, Nguyen Anh quyd't dinh dd Nguyen Van Thdnh giff effa Thi Nai, Nguydn Huynh Dffc ddng tai deo Cff Mdng ciing ehd'ng Trin Quang Dieu vd Vd Van Dung, edn minh thi keo dai qudn ra danh ffp Phu Xudn vi biet dffdc lffe Iffdng chff lffe effa Tay Sdn da ddn bd't d Quy Nhdn, ndn the cdng thff d Phu Xudn deu yd'u dt.
Trin Quang Dieu van midt mdi ddnh tiidnh Binh Dinh. Vd Tdnh Udu khdng tiiu dffdc nffa cffng vdi Ngd Tffng Chdu tff van trong tiidnh. Quan Tdy Sdn gidnh tiiang ldi d Quy Nhdn nhffng van khdng trdnh khdi ket cue tiid't bai. Dd'n cud'i tiidng 5 ndm Tan Ddu (1801), Trin Quang Dieu mdi ha dffdc tiidnh Binh Dinh tiii tff diu thdng, Nguydn Anh dd chidm xong Pbii Xudn, kinh dd effa vffdng trieu Tdy Sdn.
Vffdng trieu Tdy Sdn siip dd la do nhieu nguyen nhdn vd mdt trong sd dd cWnh la vd'n de Quy Nhdn. Quy Nhdn rd't quan trpng dd'i vdi nhd Tdy Sdn nhffhg lai bi Nguyen Anh tan dijng gid mffa td'n cdng tiiffdng xuydn. Dd'n kbi Quang Toan tid'p nhan Quy Nhdn thi quan Tdy Sdn da bffdc sang tiidi ki di xud'ng, ndi bd lue due. Hdn nffa, vi mud'n cffu Quy Nhdn bdng mpi gid ma tridu dinh Quang Toan da mac sai lam ve chid'n Iffdc khi bd trdng kinh tiidnh Phff Xudn.
Tdm lai, dim Thi Nai Id chffng nhan lich sff chffng kid'n nhffng trdn tiiuy chien
long trdi khud'y nffdc ff-ong sudt gin 10 tiie ki, Id ndi lffu giff nhidu bid'n cd' ldn gan Uen
vdi vffdng qud'c Cham-pa, vffdng tridu Tay Sdn. Nhffhg ff-dn dam Thi Nai khdng chi cd
chid'n tranh, ma cdn chffng kid'n quang canh td'p nap cffa mot tiiffdng cdng sam ud't,
nhffng dodn sff bp cae nffdc mang theo sff Udn minh, gan kd't vd tinh hda hao, tin tffdng
ldn nhau giffa eac dan tde.
NHtfNG TRAN THUY CHIEN TREN D A M THI NAI T H 6 I TRUNG DAI 85 T A I LIEU THAM KHAO
[1] Dai Nam chinh biin Hit truyen, Quyen 30, td 47b
[2] H. V. Tan, P. T. Tam, Cuoc khdng chie'n chdng xdm lUOc Nguyen-Mong, Nxb Quan dOi nhan dan, Ha NOi, (2003).
[3] Dai Viet sff ki todn thu-tdp 2, Nxb Khoa hoc xa hOi, Hd NOi, (2004).
[4] Le Quy Don todn tdp-tgp 3, Nxb Khoa hoc xa hOi, Hd NOi, (1978).
[5] Dai Viet sff ki todn thu-tgp 2, Nxb Khoa hoc xa hOi, Hd NOi, (2004) [6] Dai Nam thuc luc-tgp 1, Nxb Gido due. Ha NOi, (2006).
SUMMARY
NAVAL BATTLES IN THINAI LAGOON IN THE MIDDLE AGES
Tran Quoc Tuan, Le Thi Hoang An The article restores basic features of naval battles between the feudal forces inside and outside our country on the ThiNai lagoon during the middle ages. It is the author's objective to help the readers be aware of its military importance to the land of QuyNhon- BinhDinh.
"Khoa Lich siJ, Tnfdng Dai hoc Quy Nhcfn 170 An DiTdng Vufdng-Quy Nhdn-Binh Dinh Tnrdng THPT So 1 Tuy PhiTdc
Quoc 10 19-Thi tran Tuy PhiTdc-Tuy Phifdc-Blnh Dinh Ngay nhSn bai: 18/02/2011; Ngay nhan dang: 16/3/2011.