6. Why does ancestor worship become a religious practice?
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7. What are the activities of the worship?
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8. Why do people burn spirit money for their dead ancestors?
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9. What can we see on the spirit tablet?
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10. When does anniversary rite for the major deceased member of the family take place?
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E. WRITING
Make sentences about the xoe dance, using the words and phrases given. You can add some words and make changes.
1. The xoe dance/ already/ considered/ a cultural and folklore activity/ Thai ethnic people/ Hoa Binh Province.
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2. Ten centuries ago/ xoe/ performed/ the occasion/ the establishment/ the hamlets and villages/ or during the festivals/ the Thai ethnic people.
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3. Now/ it/ develop/ into 36 dances/ and/ become/ the symbol/ solidarity/ among the ethnic groups/ the northwest.
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4. The xoe dance/ performed/ the boys and girls / the hamlets.
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5. They/ hold hands/ form/ a circle/ and/ dance together.
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6. Musical instruments/ the dance/ include/ lutes/ drums/ two-chord fiddles/
gongs/ and cymbals.
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7. For the Thai natives/ they/ not need/ learn the xoe dance/ because/ they/ dance automatically/ when they grow up.
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8. Without/ xoe dance/ Thai boys and girls/ not become/ lovely couples.
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I)-Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
1. The wai is the traditional __________ of people in Thailand.
A. goodbye B. hello C. greeting D. greetings 2. When two Maori people meet, they ________ each other’s noses.
A. touch B. feel C. take D. kiss
3. Do you know the __________ way to welcome people in Tibet?
A. custom B. customer C. customary D. tradition 4. The xoe dance is a sprititual ________ of Thai ethnic people.
A. customs B. tradition C. habit D. dance
5. In Vietnam you shouldn’t use only the first name to ________ people older than you.
A. speak B. talk C. say D. address
TEST (UNIT 4)
6. We are going to prepare _________ sticky rice served with grilled chicken for the celebration.
A. five colours B. five-colours C. five-colour D. five-coloured 7. A tradition is something special that is __________ through the
generations.
A. passed B. passed to C. passed down D. passed out 8. According to the _________ in England, we have to use a knife and fork at
dinner.
A. table ways B. table manners
C. behaviours D. differences 9. We have to ___________ our shoes when we go inside a pagoda.
A. take off B. give off C. turn off D. put on 10. In Australia, you shouldn’t ____________ on a person’s accent.
A. comment B. criticize C. hate D. dislike II)-Fill in each blank of the passage with the correct word from the box.
activities presentatio n
water-throwing tradition celebrations
festival enjoyment heat wishes fortune
Thai New Year (Songkran Festival)
The traditional Thai New Year is celebrated in April each year. Thailand adopted this (11)____________ with the belief that the sun re-entered Aries and finished its orbit round the earth on April 13. In Thailand, this (12)_________ is celebrated for three days from April 13 to April 15. Before the (13)___________, people will clean their houses in the hope of casting away of any bad luck of the old year, so that good (14)____________ will enter their new lives instead. Food and sweets will be prepared in advance for merit making and for treating guests.
The Songkran celebrations will begin with food (15)_____________ to the monks who will walk along the street in the early morning to receive food and other offerings.
One of the most popular (16)___________ for young people is to convey their best (17)_______ to their elders by pouring water onto them or their palms. After this, it is time for children and young people to have full (18)___________ with water-throwing, dancing and folk games.
Do not expect to escape the (19)____________ activities, these take place on every street in Thailand. They can be a welcome break to the (20)____________ of the dry season, but if you wish to stay dry it is best to stay indoors!
III)-Give advice with “should” or “shouldn’t”, using the words given in brackets.
Example: You look very pale and terrible. (see a doctor) You should see a doctor
21. You work until 11 every night (not work so hard)
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22. It’s Mai’s birthday on Saturday. I think we should do something. (buy her a nice birthday present)
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23. The car did not start this morning. (take it to the garage)
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24. Our train leaves at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning. (go to bed early tonight)
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25. He always gives you the wrong advice. (not listen to him)
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26. Everything will be all right. (not worry so much)
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27. He doesn’t like this job because it’s too boring. (look for another one)
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28. It’s too late to play music so loudly, we’ll wake up the neighbours. (turn it off) _________________________________________________________________
29. Your hair is so long. (have a haircut)
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30. He doesn’t understand the lesson. (meet the teacher after class)
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IV)-Complete the sentence with a form of “have to” and “should”. Make the verbs negative if necessary.
31. Your hair’s too long. I think you __________ get it cut.
32. Your clothes are dirty. You ___________ wash them.
33. I’m going to bed. I ______________ get up early tomorrow.
34. I’d like to meet your best friend. You _____________ invite him/ her round.
35. I ____________ tell my parents where I am, then they don’t worry.
36. You ___________ come with me if you don’t want to. I’ll go on my own.
37. If you need some helps with your homework, you __________ go to the library.
38. If you have a ticket, you ________ queue. You can go straight in.
39. You ________ tell lies. It’s wrong.
40. Nick works too much. I think he ________ take it easy.
V)-Complete Nick’s e-mail to a friend about his summer holiday with “had to” or “didn’t have to” and the words given in the box.
stay walk go back eat buy pay
Hi, Johnny!
I got back home this morning. What a crazy holiday! First, my sister forgot her passport so we (41)_________ for it. Then we went to the wrong airport terminal so we (42)_________ to the right one. After that the airline cancelled our flight so we (43)_______ in an airport hotel for the night but luckily we (44)____________ for it.
Finally, we arrived. There was octopus for dinner every last day, my brother Toby dropped his phone in the sea and he (46)__________ a new one. He was not pleased!
Write soon.
Nick.
VI)-Complete the conversation between Nick and Mai about Vietnamese table manners with the sentences given (A-H). Practise your conversation with your partner.
A. Chopsticks should be place on the table or a chopstick holder after a few mouthfuls or when breaking to drink or speak.
B. Yes, and remember to cover your mouth when using a toothpick.
C. You should rest your chopsticks on top of your rice bowl.
D. You shouldn’t bring handkerchiefs, anything black, or yellow flowers.
E. They are chopsticks and flat spoon.
F. You should bring a small gift, such as fruits, sweets, flowers…
G. Yeah, you should try to finish everything on your plate.
H. No. You should wait to be shown where to sit, and the oldest person should sit first.
Nick: What should I do first if I am invited to a Vietnamese home for dinner, Mai?
Mai: (47)______________________________________________________________
Nick: Which kinds of gift shouldn’t I bring?
Mai: (48)______________________________________________________________
Nick: Can I sit at the dining table as I would like to?
Mai: (49)______________________________________________________________
Nick: What are the most common utensils for a meal in Viet Nam?
Mai: (50)______________________________________________________________
Nick: Where should I place my chopsticks when breaking to drink or speak?
Mai: (51)______________________________________________________________
Nick: Is there anything else that I have to pay attention to during the meal?
Mai: (52)______________________________________________________________
Nick: What should I do when I finish dinner?
Mai: (53)______________________________________________________________
Nick: Do Vietnamese people often use toothpicks after finishing a meal?
Mai: (54)______________________________________________________________
Nick: Thank you so much, Mai.
Mai: You’re welcome. I hope you’ll enjoy having a meal with a Vietnamese household.
VII)-Read the passage about introducing Vietnamese customs to foreigners, and then choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank in the following passage.
The Vietnamese are now to be polite, hospitable and sensitive. They have a casual and friendly (55)__________. They regard friendship as being very important throughout one’s life. They are always open to visit from friends. Drop-in visits are welcome. The Vietnamese are very (56)_________ to their family.
When they (57)__________ you a gift, the Vietnamese will usually speak lightly about it. Even though it is an expensive gift, they may pretend it is of no great monetary value.
(58)__________ 4,000 years of civilization, the Vietnamese are proud people who like to recite to a myth that they are descendants of an angel and a dragon.
If you happen to be in their homes at meal time, the Vietnamese will probably (59)___________ you to sit down and share whatever food is (60)_____________. Let them know that you enjoy their food is one way to successfully (61)_____________ a better relationship with them.
When they invite you to their homes for a meal, celebration, or special occasion, some (62)__________ - usually food, fruits, chocolate or liquors – should be offered to the host’s family.
55. A. manner B. feature C. culture D. tradition 56. A. closed B. closing C. close D. being closed
57. A. sell B. carry C. send D. offer
58. A. Of B. With C. At D. In
59. A. take B. require C. speak D. invite
60. A. available B. present C. good D. delicious 61. A. setting B. building C. taking D. being 62. A. offers B. invitations C. gifts D. situations
60. A. have B. share C. divide D. cut
61. A. mountain B. mount C. mountainous D. hill 62. A. growing B. harvesting C. putting D. raising
63. A. watch B. see C. stare D. look
64. A. cloth B. material C. costume D. costumes
65. A. out B. around C. at D. above
66. A. diverse B. diversity C. variety D. range
67. A. most B. the most C. more D. the more
68. A. together B. as well C. along D. along with 69. A. two strings B. two-string C. two string D. second-string VIII)-Read the passage about different customs for greetings around the world, and do the tasks that follow.
Greeting Customs Around the World USA
It is normal for men to shake hands when they meet, but it is quite unusual for men to kiss when they greet each other. Greetings are casual – a handshake, a smile and a
‘hello’ will do just fine.
UK
The British often simply say ‘hello’ when they meet friends. They usually shake hands only when they meet for the first time. Social kissing is common in an informal situation between men and women and also between women who know each other very well.
France
The French, including children, shake hands with their friends and often kiss them on both cheeks, both upon meeting and leaving.
Arab countries
In Arab countries, close male friends or colleagues hug and kiss both cheeks. They shake hands with their right hand only, for longer but less firmly than in the West.
Contact between the opposite genders in public is considered obscene. Do not offer to shake hands with the opposite sex.
Hungary
Hungarians like to use the friendly greeting form of kissing each other on the cheeks.
The most common way is to kiss from your right to your left. When men meet for the first time, the casual greeting is a firm handshake.
Belgium
People kiss on one cheek when they meet, regardless of the gender or how well they know.
Chinese
Chinese people tend to be more conservative. When meeting someone for the first time, they would usually nod their heads and smile, or shake hands if in a formal situation.
Russia
The typical greeting is a very firm handshake while maintaining direct eye contact.
When men shake hands with women, the handshake is not firm. It is considered gallant to kiss women three times while alternating cheeks, and even to kiss hands.
Task 1: Match a word in column A with its definition in column B, writing the answer in each blank.
Answer A B
________ 63. hug A. not liking change, traditional ________ 64. obscene B. happening one after the other ________ 65. conservative C. looking directly at each other
________ 66. eye contact D. to put your arms around somebody to show that you love or like him/her
________ 67. alternating E. shocking and annoying
Task 2: Read the passage again, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).
T F
68. People in China and Arab countries seem to be more careful when greeting people for the first time or the opposite sex
69. Shaking hands is the most popular way of greeting in Britain. 70. Kissing is considered a popular way of greeting in France,
Hungary, and Belgium.
71. In Russia, you should shake hands with your friend but never look into his/ her eyes.
72. In Hungary, the most common greeting way is kissing and you should pay attention to the order.
IX)-Make sentences about folk dances of the Xa Pho ethnic group in Sa Pa, using the words and phrases given. You can add some words and make changes.
73. The Xa Pho ethnic group/ a population/ over 1,000 people/ mainly/ the district/
Sa Pa.
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74. Different folk dances/ the Xa Pho/ performed/ by groups of five to ten people/
straight or curved lines.
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75. In the dance movements/ the left hand/ use/ musical instrument/ while/ the right hand/ hold/ costumes following the beat.
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76. Girls/ often wear/ traditional skirt and shirt/ indigo fabric.
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77. They/ embroider and decorate/ clothes/ elaborately/ beautifully.
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78. Main musical instrument/ Ma Nhi.
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79. Women/ dance and beat/ rhythm/ the same time.
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80. Men and women/ separate dances/ and/ seldom/ dance together.
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