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sa THAM GIA CUA MAT TRAN TO QUOC VA CAC DOAN THE CHINH TRI - XA HOI TRONG QUA TRINH XAY DUNG NONG THON M 6 I
6 KHU VUC DONG BANG SONG COU LONG
• TS NGUYEN TRQNG BINH Hoc vien Chinh tn khu vuc IV
• TS TRAN VAN THANG Hoc vien Chinh tri quoc gia Ho Chi Minh
• Torn tdt: Sti tham gia cita Mat tran To quoc (MTTQ) Viet Nam vd cdc dodn the chinh tri - xd hpi trong qud trinh xdy dting ndng thdn mdi (XDNTM) thiic chdt la sii tham gia cita ngtidi ddn trong qud trinh XDNTM. Diia tren khung khd ly luan hien cd vd ket qud khdo sdt, bdi viet ddnh gid thiic trang sU tham gia ciia MTTQ vd cdc dodn the chinh tri - xd hpi trong qud trinh XDNTM d khu viic dong bdng sdng Ciiu Long (DBSCL); dong thdi de xudt mpt so kien nghi nhdm ndng cao hieu qud tham gia cua MTTQ vd cdc dodn the chinh tri - xd hpi trong qud trinh XDNTM d khu vtic DBSCL hien nay.
• Tii khda: MTTQ Viet Nam; cdc dodn the chinh tri - xd hpi; XDNTM, DBSCL.
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u tham gia cua ngudi dan trong qud trinh cMnh tri - xd hpi trong qua trinhXDNTM la mpt XDNTM dupe hieu la lat ca hanh vi, boat phuong dien quan trong the hien su tham gia dpng cua ngudi dan va cdc doan the ciia eua nguoi ddn trong qua trinh XDNTM. Sv ngudi ddn (Mat tran Td qudc, cdc dodn the tham gia cua MTTQ va cdc doan thi chinh tri - nhan ddn, cdc to chiic xd hdi) thdng qua thi xd hdi trong qud trinh XDNTM 6 khu vuc ehl, CO che chinh thiie nhdm gdy anh hudng DBSCL the hiln trin cdc kMa canh chii yeu: (i) ddi vdi qua trinh hoach dinh, td chiic thuc hien, tiep can thdng tin; (ii) nlu sdng kiln vd phan ddnh gid va dieu chinh chinh sdch, du an bien xd hdi; (iii) trien khai tu quan 6 dp va tu XDNTM, qua dd gdp phan bao dam tinh bin quan xa bdi trong XDNTM; (iv) hop tdc vdi viing ciia XDNTM'". Theo dinh nghia nay, su chinh quyen trong cung iing dieh vu cdng; (v) tham gia ciia MTTQ Viet Nam va cdc doan thi gidm sdt; (vi) danh gid kit qud XDNTM.LyLUANCHfNHTR!-S6l1/2019
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1. Uu diSm ve su tham gia ciia Mat tran T6 quoc va cac doan the chinh trj - xa hoi trong xay dvng nong thdn moi 6* dong bang Song Cuu Long
Thunhit, viec tiip can thdng tin cua doingu cin bd Mat tran vi cic doan thi chinh tri - xa hdi trong qua trinh XDNTM co nhiiu uu diem. Miic dp nam bdt thdng tm vl chinh sdch XDNTM d co sd cua MTTQ vd cdc dodn the chinh tri - xd hdi cd vai trd rat quan trgng. Boi w, day id eo so de thuc Men sir phdi hpp giiia cdc td chiic ndy vdi chinh quyin trong qud trinh XDNTM, eiing la co sd de MTTQ va cdc doan the chinh tri - xa hpi thuc Men cdc chiic nang ciia minh, nhu chiic ndng tuyen truyin, chiic ndng gidm sdt vd chiie nang phan bien... Ket qua ngMen cuu cho thdy, cd 78% sd ngirdi dugc hdi fla cdn bd Mat tran va cde doan the chinh tri - xd hdi) cho biet hp ed ndm bat dugc thdng tin v l Chuong trinh muc tilu qudc gia XDNTM; cd 86% sd ngudi duge hdi eho biet, hg cd biet vl bd tieu chi XDNTM; 87% sd ngudi dupe hdi eho biet cd biet ve chuong trinh, ke hoach XDNTM cua huyen vd xa; 62% sd ngirdi dupe hoi cho biet, hg ed biet ve ket qud XDNTM'^'. Ve phuong thlic d i p can thdng tin, ed 63% cho rdng, ho tiep can thdng tm vl XDNTM Mdng qua cdc phuong tiln thdng tin dai chiing; cd 31 % cho rdng do ban than td chiic minh chu dpng thn kiem, cdn lai la thdng qua cdc phuong thirc khdc. Ve y ngMa va tdc dung ciia viec tiep can thdng tm, cd 79% sd ngudi dugc hdi cho rdng, viec nam bdt day du thdng tin vl XDNTM giup cho MTTQ va cdc doan t h i cMnh tri - xa hdi tham gia chu dgng hon vd cd Meu qua trong qua trinh XDNTM.
Thuhai, hoat ddng neu sing kiin chinh sich vi phan bien Q:ong qui tiinh XDNTM. Neu sang kiln cMnh sach vd phan bien cua MTTQ vd cdc dodn t h i ehinh tri - xd hdi la nhiing hoat ddng dd dugc quy dinh trong nMlu van ban quy pham
phap Mat va Quyet dinh eiia Trung uong. Kit qua nghien ciiu cho thay, co 36% sd ngudi dupe hoi cho biet, MTTQ vd cac doan the chinh tri - xa hdi cd n l u sdng kiln trong qud trinhXDNTM, trong dd n l u sdng kiln lien quan d i n dy dn XDNTM chiem ty le cao nhat (67%)'^'. Ve hieu qua ciia boat dpng neu sang kiln chinh sach, cd 85% sd ngudi dugc hdi cho rdng, sdng kiln eua MTTQ va cdc dodn the chinh tri - xd hpi da duoc chinh quyen tiep thu. Veboat ddng phan bien xi hdi, ry ll cdn bg Mat trdn vd cdc dodn the chinh tri - xa hdi cho rdng cd tham gia phan biln ddi vdi du thdo ke hoach thuc hiln XDNTM; du thao quy hoach XDNTM; du toan ngan sdch vl XDNTM;
du thao bao cao ddnh gid kit quaXDNTM tuong ung la: 28%; 13%; 5%; 3% vd 51%. Cd ty le 54% sd ngudi dupe hdi cho rdng, MTTQ va cac dodn t h i ehinh tri - xa hdi chii ddng thuc Men phan bien va 41% cho rdng do chinh quyen giti du thdo mdi ede td chiic nay phan bien.
Tbiiba, viec thuchien chdc nang giirn sit, phan inh, kiin nghi vdi tdchdc Dang va chinh quyin vi nhung van de cd lien quan trong qua trinh XDNTMcdnhieuuudiim.C691%s6ngnm\acm bp MTTQ vd cac dodn thi chinh tri - xa hdi ddnh gid hoat ddng gidm sdt cua cac td chiic nay la "tdt".
Ve npi dung giam sat, sd ngudi diB3c hdi cho rdng, MTTQ va cac dodn the cMnh dl - xd hdi tham gia gidm sdt ddi vdi viec trien khai, thuc Men cac du an XDNTM; thu chi ngan sach liln quan den XDNTM; td chuc va bo^t ddng cua td chuc Dang, chinh quyin va ddi ngu edn bd, cdng chiic; viec thuc Men Quy chi dan chu d co sd tuong ling la:
30%; 8%;31%; 26%. Cd tyle khdc nhau giira canbd MTTQ, cac dodn the ehinh tri - xa hpi vd ngudi dan kM danh gia vl Meu qud boat ddng eua Ban Thanh tra Nhan ddn va Ban Gidm sat dau tu ciia cpng ddng trong qud trinh XDNTM, cd 76% sd ngirdi dugc hdi la can bg Mat trdn vd cdc doan thi chinh
LYLUAN CHINHTRhS6l1/2019
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T H I / C T I I N - K I N H NGHIEM tri - xa hdi cho rdng boat ddng giam sat ciia Ban Thanh ua Nhan ddn va Ban Giam sat dau tu ciia cdng ddng trong qud trinh XDNTM la Mlu qua.Trong kM dd, 58% sd ngudi dan dugc hoi danh gia hoat ddng cua Ban Thanh tra Nhdn ddn vd Ban Gidm sat ddu tu cua cdng ddng la hilu qud'"". VI bosit dpng phdn dnh, nlu Men ngM ve nhiing vdn d l cd lien quan Q-ong qud trinh XDNTM eiia MTTQ va cdc dodn thi chinh tri - xd hdi, cd 55% sd ngudi dupe hdi cho bilt, MTTQ va cac dodn the chinh tri - xd hdi thudng xuyen nlu phdn dnh, kien nghi vdi td chuc Dang, chinh quyen ve cdc van d l ed lien quan den XDNTM. Vl phuong thlic neu phan dnh vd kiln nghi, cd 60% cho rdng, cac td chiic nay neu phan dnh va kiln nghi thdng qua ddi tiioai dinh ky do td chiic dang vd chinh quyin td chiic; cd 40% cho rdng, cdc td chiic nay phan dnh vd neu y kiln thdng qua vile chii ddng gin vdn ban kien nghi. Vl ndi dung phan dnh va kien nghi, cd 84% sd ngiroi cho rdng, cdc td chiic ndy phan dnh vd kiln nghi vdi td chiic Dang va chinh quyin ve nhtrng van de ma ngudi ddn biic xuc. VI miic dp tiep thu, xir ly cdc phan dnh, kien nghi tu MTTQ vd cdc doan thi chinh tn - xa hdi, cd 100% so ngudi dugc hoi cho rdng, td chiic Ddng vd chinh quyin quan tdm xir ly va tiep thu nhiing phan dnh va kiln n ^ cda cdc td chiic nay^^'.
Thii tu, to chuc tuquan dip vi tuquin xi hdi thdng qua cdng tic tuyen tmyin, van ddng va td chiic cic phong Uio, md hinh boat ddng da dugc coi trgng. Theo cdc quy dinh Men hdnh, MTTQ vd cac doan t h i chinh tn - xa hdi cd vai tro quan trgng trong td chiic tu quan 6 khu ddn cu cung nhu tu qudn xd hpi thdng qua tuyIn truyin, vdn ddng vd td ehiic cac phong trdo, md hinh hoat dpng. Trong qua trinh XDNTM, ngudi dan d ap dd phdt huy vai trd tu qudn u l n nMeu ndi dung va linh virc khdc nhau. Trong thdi gian qua, trin dia bdn cdc tmh thupc khu vuc DBSCL dd xuat
Men nMeu md Mnh tu qudn cd Mlu qua ddp, thu hut su tham gia ciia nhiiu ngudi dan, nhu md Mnh "tieng md an ninh", phong trao "tii tru", cdng rao an ninh, ti-at tu cdc td td gidc vd phdng chdng tpi pham, td tu quan ddng tgc vl an ninh tirdt tu ttong ddng bdo Khmer, phong trdo chung tay bao ve va xdy dung canh quan mdi trudng xanh, sach dep gdn vdi ddc thu cua mien sdng nude... Kit qud nghiln eiiu cho thdy, cd 54% sd ngudi ddn dupe hdi cho rdng, hg cd tham gia qudn ly cdc du an XDNTM sau kM cac du dn hoan thanh'^'. Vl tu quan xa hpi thdng qua cdc phong trdo, boat dgng do MTTQ vd cdc doan the ehinh tri - xa hdi td chiie, tren co so' Cupc van ddng
"Todn ddn doan ket xay dung ndng thdn mdi, dd thi van minh" do l^y ban Trung uong MTTQ Viet Nam phat ddng, ttong qua trmh XDNTM, MTTQ vd cac doan the chinh tri - xd hgi da ttien khai thuc Men nMlu ndi dung, phong ttao trong XDNTM.
Hoat dpng tu quan xa hdi thdng qua MTTQ vd eae dodn t h i chinh tri - xa hdi t h i Men qua cdng tac tuyen tmyen, thuc Men cac md hinh tu quan vd boat dgng tinh nguyin trin ede hnh vue khdc nhau. Kit qua nghien ciiu eho thay, cd 58% sd ngudi dugc hdi (Id can bd Mat ttdn vd cdc dodn the) cho rang, cdc td chirc nay cd thdnh lap cde td tu quan, dgi tu quan, md hinh tu quan trong XDNTM; 82% sd ngudi dugc hdi danh gia ho^t ddng cua cdc td tu quan, ddi tu quan la "Mlu qua"; 100% sd ngudi dugc hdi cho rdng, MTTQva cac doan thi chinh tri - xdhdi da td chiic cdc boat ddng tinh nguyen ttong qua trinh XDNTM'^.
Thd nim, viec hop tic vdi chinh quyen trong cung ling dich vu cdng va giai quyit cic vin de xa hdi budc diu da duoc coi trong. Ngoai viee tu chii to ehuc cdc phong ttao va trien khai cdc hoat ddng nhdm gdp phdn cung iing dich vu cdng va giai quyit cdc van de xd hdi, MTTQ vd cac doan the chinh tti - xa hpi cd the hpp tdc vdi chinh
LVLUAN CHINH TRj-So 11/2019
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quyen ttong cung iing dich vu cdng (ve an ninh ttat tu, bao ve mdi trudng, tuvdn phdp Mat...) va giai quyet eac vdn dl xa hdi (tdi pham va te nan xd hdi, ngheo da chieu...) thdng qua viec cMnh quyin cung cap kinh pM de Mat trdn vd cdc dodn thi chinh tti - xd hdi thuc hiln mgt sd du an hay cdng viec ndo dd.-Vl phuong dien nay, kit qua nghien cuu cho thay, cd 53% sd ngudi dugc hoi cho rdng, MTTQ vd cdc dodn thi cMnh tri - xd hgi dd dugc ehinh quyin giao thuc Men mOt du dn va dugc cung cdp kmh pM tuong xiing; cd 61% sd ngudi dupe hdi cho rdng, MTTQ va cdc dodn thi chinh tri - xa hgi da dugc cMnh quyin giao thue hien mdt cdng viec cu thi vd dugc eung cap kinh pM tuong xiing'^'.
TMsa'u, viec tham gia dinh gia kit qua thuc hien chinh sich XDNTM va lay y kiin vimiic do hii Idng cua ngudi din doi vdi cic tieu chi XDNTM di dugc coi trong. Ket qud nghien ciiu cho thay, cd 92% sd ngudi dugc hdi cho rang, MTTQ vd cdc dodn till ehinh tri - xa hdi da dupe cMnh quyin xin y kien danh gid vl kit qua thuc Men chinh sach XDNTM; ed 62% sd ngirdi dugc hdi cho rdng, MTTQ vd cae doan thi ehinh tti - xd hdi dd triln khai lay y kiln cua ngudi ddn ddi vdi 17 ndi dung theo Bd tieu cM qudc gia ve xa ndng thdn mdi giai doan 2016-2020.
2. Han ch€ va bat cap ve sir tham gia ciia Mat tran To quoc va cac doan the chinh tri - xa hfii trong qua trinh xay dang nong thon mdi o Dong bang song Cmi Long
Thir nhit, viec tiip can thdng tm vi XDNTM cua ddi ngu cin bd Mat trin va cic doan thi chinh tri - xa hdi cdn mdtsdhan chica vend!
dung vi muc do. Kit qua khao sdt eho thdy, miic do tiep can va ndm bdt thdng tin cua dpi ngu cdn bd MTTQ va eac dodn the ehmh hi - xd hdi ddi vdi mdt sd ndi dung liln quan din XDNTM cdn han ehl do viee thuc hien edng khai, minh bach
thdng tm cua chinh quyin d mdt sd noi cdn chua tdt. Cu the Id, sd ngudi dugc hoi cho bilt hg ndm bdt dugc thdng tin Hen quan din quy hoach XDNTM; du dn XDNTM; du toan va quyet toan cdc du dn XDNTM tuong irng Id: 45%; 42%; 42%.
Cd 69% so ngudi dugc hdi cho bilt, hp bilt khdng ddy du vl chuong ttinh, ke hoach XDNTM ciia xa; 93% cho biet, hg khdng bilt day du vl quy hoach XDNTM; 76% cbo Met bg khdng biet day dii ve du an XDNTM; 89% cho bilt, hp khdng biet day du vl du toan va quyet toan cae du dn XDNTM'^'.
Thu hai, viec neu sang kiin chinh sich va phan bien xi hdi cdn nhieu han chi, chua dip ling dugc yeu cau de ra. Kit qua khao sat cho thdy, cd 64%i sd ngirdi duoc hdi cho bilt, MTTQ va cac dodn the chinh tri - xd hgi d co sd khdng neu sang kiln lien quan denXDNTM; cd 36% sd ngudi dugc hdi cho rdng, chinh quyin co sd khdng tham van vd lang nghe y kiln ciia MTTQ va cac doan thi chinh tri - xa hdi vl cac van dl liln quan den XDNTM. Ty le cdn bg Mat ttan va cdc dodn thi chinh tri - xd hdi tta ldi cho bilt cd tham gia phan bien doi vdi du thdo kl hoach XDNTM; du thao quy hoach XDNTM; dl dn XDNTM; du todn ngan sach XDNTM khdng cao, tiiam chi la rat thap, tuong ung la 28%; 13%; 5%;
3%. Ve nguyen nhan ciia nhimg khd khan, ban che trong thuc Men chirc nang phdn biln xa hdi, cd 44.4% sd ngudi duoc hoi cho rdng la do ndng lire phan biln cua MTTQ va cae doan thi chinh tri - xd hgi cdn chua eao; 24% cho rang la do tMeu kinh phi; 14,4% cho rdng la do co che chua rd; 13,4% cho rdng do thilu thdng tin vd 6% eho rdng do chinh quyen chua tao dieu kien""'.
Thii ba, viec thuc hien chuc ninggiim sit, gdp y, phin anh, kien nghi vdi td chdc Dang va chinh quyen ve nhiing van deed hen quan trong qua trinh XDNTM cdn mot sdhan chi. Cd 29%
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THUC T I E N - K I N H NGHIEM sd ngudi dupe hdi cho rang, MTTQ vd cdc doan t h i chmh tri - xd hdi it khi neu phdn anh, kien nghi vdi td chiic dang va cMnh quyen vl nhiing vdn de cd lien quan trong qud trinh XDNTM.Bao cao hilu qua quan tti va hanh chinh cdng cdp tinh (P/\PI) ndm 2018 cho thdy, cd 37,78% sd ngudi duge hdi rdng. Ban Thanh tta Nhdn ddn hoac Ban Giam sat ddu tu cdng ddng giam sdt viec xay mdi, tu sita cdng trinh"". Nghien ciiu cua tae gia vl phuong dien ndy cho kit qua kha quan hon, nhung cung cho thdy mdt sd vdn d l cdn quan tam vl hieu luc va hilu qua gidm sdt cua Ban Thanh tra Nhdn ddn va Ban Gidm sdt dau tu eua cdng ddng ttong XDNTM. Cu the, cd 24% cdn bd Mat ttdn va cac doan t h i ehinh tri - xd hpi cbo biet, gidm sdt eua Ban Thanh tra Nhan dan vd Ban Gidm sdt Ddu tu ciia edng ddng Id ehua hilu qua; cd 42% sd ngudi ddn dugc hdi cho biet, gidm sdt ciia Ban Thanh tra Nhan dan vd Ban Giam sat dau tu cua cpng ddng la chua Meu qua"^'.
Thutu, chuc ning td chiic tu quan d ip vi tu quan xa hdi cua MTTQ vi doin thi chinh tn - xi hdi cdn nhiiu ban chi. Viec xdy dung huong udc, quy udc da phat huy vai trd tu quan cua cdng ddng ddn cu. Tuy nMen, 6 mdt sd noi, chua that su phdt huy su Mam gia eua ngudi dan ttong xdy dung huong udc, quy udc. Kit qua ngMin ciiu cho thdy, ed 34% sd ngudi dugc hdi cho rdng, hp khdng tham gia vdo qua trinh xay dung huong uoc, quy udc. Y thiic tu gidc eua ngudi ddn ttong thuc Men tu quan theo huong udc, quy udc edn bat cap khi cd gan 40% sd ngudi dupe hoi eho rdng, miic dp tu nguyen thuc hien theo huong udc, quy udc cua eac hd gia dinh la chua tdt"^'. Tu quan cua ngudi ddn d dp thdng qua vile thdnh lap va boat ddng eua eac td, ddi, hdi tu qudn vdn cdn nMlu han che kM cd din 46% sd ngudi dupe hdi cho biet, hp khdng la thanh vien cua bdt eir dpi,
nhdm tu quan nao d ttong ap"''^ Viec thuc Men tu quan xd hpi thdng qua boat ddng cua MTTQ vd cdc doan t h i chinh tri - xd hpi cdn nMeu ban chi khi Mlu qua ciia cdng tac tuyIn truyin gido due cua cdc td chiic ndy chua cao. NgMen eiiu cho thdy, cM cd 5% sd ngudi dugc hdi cho rang, hp tiip can thdng tin ve XDNTM Id thdng qua cdng tac tuyIn truyin cua MTTQ vd cac doan the chinh tri - xd hdi"^'. Ben canh dd, ngodi mdt sd uu dilm thi mgt sd phong ttao, md binh tu quan do cac td chuc ndy trien khai vdn cdn mang tinh hinh thlic, tMeu tinh bin vilng.
Thii nim, viec td chiic lay y kiin dinh gia tii ngudi din cda MTTQ va cac doin thi chinh tri - xa hoi cdn mot sd bat cap. Nhiing bdt cap 6 phirong dien nay Uil Men 6 chd: (i) cdn ty le dang kl ngudi ddn ehua tham gia ddnh gia ket qua thuc hiln chinh sdch XDNTM kM cd den 50% sd ngudi dugc bdi cho rdng, hg khdng tham gia danh gia Meu qua chinh sdeh, du an XDNTM;"^' (ii) chua da dang hda cdc "kinh" khdc nhau d l ngudi ddn tham gia ddnh gia va phan hdi y kiln;
(iii) ti'nh tu chu vd dgc lap ciia MTTQ vd cdc dodn the chinh tri - xa hgi ttong viec lay y kiln vl miic do hdi long ciia ngudi dan ddi vdi kit qua XDNTM trudc khi cdng nhdn dat chuan ndng thdn mdi edn chua cao; (iv) viec Idy y kien danh gia hi ngudi dan ddi vdi kit qua XDNTM va y kiln hai Idng ciia ngudi ddn ddi vdi kit qua dat dugc ttong XDNTM cua MTTQ vd cac dodn till ehinh tri - xd hdi ehu ylu dupe thuc Men trudc kM xd Idm thu mc de duge cdng nhdn la xa dat chuan ndng thdn mdi, ma chua dugc tiln hdnh thudng xuyen sau kM da dupe cdng nhdn la xd dat chuan ndng thdn mdi.
3. Mot so l(ien nghi nham nang cao hiiu qua tham gia ciia Mat Iran T6 quoc va cac doan the chinh tri - xa hdi trong xay dung nong thon moi o Dong bang song Cuu Long
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Thii nhat, tiip tuc hoan tMen the chi vl phdt triln ndng thdn vd XDNTM theo hirdng coi ttgng hon su tham gia ciia ngudi ddn, MTTQ vd ede doan thi chinh tri - xd hgi, cdc td chiic xa hdi ttong qud trinh phdt triln ndng thdn va XDNTM.
Cu thi la: (i) the Men va qudn triet quan diem "lay ngirdi dan lam trung tdm" ttong qud trinh XDNTM; (ii) nhdn thiic rd su tham gja cua ngudi ddn (bao gdm MTTQ vd cac doan the ehinh tri - xd hdi, eae td chiic xa hpi) trong qua trinh XDNTM la yeu td tiien chdt, quyet dinh dl dam bao vai ttd chii thi cua cu ddn ndng thdn ttong qua trmh XDNTM, ttr dd ca ttong xay dung thi chi vd thuc tM the che ve XDNTM coi ttpng su tham gia that su ciia ngudi ddn; (m) the Men rd quan dilm vl ba till ept chinh quyen-thi trudng (doanh nghiep) vd xd hdi (ngudi dan, cde dodn thi cMnh tri - xd hdi, cdc td chiic xa hdi) trong phat triln ndng tiidn va XDNTM trong cdc nghi quyit, chinh sach ve phdt triln ndng thdn va XDNTM; (iv) nhdn manh va dam bao tinh ddng bd, toan diln ttong XDNTM theo hudng coi ttgng hon viec xay dung ndng thdn mdi vl chat lugng quan tri dia phuong, ve cdng khai minh bach, ve ddn chu va sir tham gia ciia ngirdi dan;
(v) coi ttpng dling miic don vi ap/thdn trong XDNTM va ttong phdt huy dan chii d co so; (vi) ddi mdi va dilu chinh bg tieu cbi ddnh gid XDNTM theo hudng ngodi eac tilu chi hiln hdnh, cdn bd sung mdt sd tieu chi, nhir mirc do lilm chinh eua he thong chinh tri; miic do dam bao edng khai, minh bach thdng tin ttong boat ddng eiia chinh quyin; miic do tudn thii phdp Mat ttong boat ddng eua he thdng chinh tii (phdp quyen); miic do bao dam su tiiam gia cua ngudi dan; miic do thue hiln trach nhiem gidi trinh;
miic dp phdt trien ciia cde td chiic xd hdi mang tinh cdng Ich 6 co so vd ti'nh tii chu ciia Mat ttan Td qudc, cac dodn tiie nhan dan ttong boat dgng;
miic dp sii dung intemet ciia ngudi dan vd Mlu qud ling dung cdng nghe thdng tm trong hoat dgng cua ehinh quyen; chat lugng va Meu qua tu quan cua ngudi dan 6 eo sd. Ben canh dd, cdn nghien ciru de hinh thanh bd tilu chi ddnh gid thdn/ldng/dp ndng thdn mdi kilu mau; (vii) Xay dung vd ban hdnh Mat thuc hien dan chu d xd, phudng, thi ttan; (viii) ngMen ciiu dl ban hdnh the che quy dinh vl thuc hiln dan ehu d ap/thdn/lang; (be) cd vdn ban hudng dan cu thi vd thdng nhdt ve npi dung va hinh thiic tham gia eua ngudi dan cung nhu MTTQ va eae doan thi chinh tri-xdhdi deo sd ttong qua trinh XDNTM.
Thii hai, ddi mdi phuong thiic trien khai chinh sdch XDNTM theo hudng "tir tren xudng"
sang kit hpp "tir tren xudng" vd "tii dudi len".
Cu the Id: (i) ehuyin tir "lay chinh quyin Idm trung tdm" sang "lay ngudi ddn lam trung tdm"
trong XDNTM. "Ldy ngudi dan ldm trung tam"
trong XDNTM cd ngMa Id, vile hoach dinh, thue tM mpi chinh sach, ke hoach, du dn ve XDNTM deu phdi vi lpi ich ciia nhdn dan vd xudt phdt tu nhu cau, mong mudn cua ngudi dan; XDNTM phdi that sir hudng din muc tieu cdt ldi, hdng ddu dd Id thuc hien tdt, duy tri tdt, phat trien tdt lpi ich CO ban cua ddng dao cu ddn ndng tiidn;
lay viec nguda dan iing hd hay khdng ung hd, tdn thdnh hay khdng tdn thdnh, vui hay khdng vui, ddng y bay khdng ddng y, hai Idng hay khdng hdi Idng lam tieu chi co ban de danh gid tat cd cac hoat dgng lien quan den XDNTM; (ii) thue hien tdt cdng khai, minh bach ttong boat ddng eua chinh quyen cung nhu trong tat cd cdc khdu, eae ndi dung cua qua ttinh triln khai chinh sach XDNTM; (ni) thdng qua hinh thiic nhdt dinh dl phdt huy vai ttd tuvdn, gidm dinh va phan biln ciia ngudi dan, MTTQ va cdc doan thi ehmh tri - xd hdi ddi vdi du thao chinh sdch, quy hoach, kl hoach, du an XDNTM. (iv) tdn
Lf L U A N C H [ N H T R I - S O 1 1 / 2 0 1 9
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THl/CTliN-KINHNGHliM ttgng, bao dam quyin tham gia eua ngudi ddn va MTIQ, cdc dodn the cMnh tri - xd hdi va cdc td ehiie xa hdi trong tat ca cdc khdu, cdc ndi dung ciia qud trinh XDNTM, tir xdy dung k l hoach, quy hoach, du an den thuc Men, gidm sdt va danh gia viee thuc hien; (v) thuc hien su hpp tdc giiia chinh quyin vd doanh ngMep, MTTQ va eac doan the chinh tti - xd hdi ttongXDNTM;(vi) thuc Men phdn cap, phdn quyen manh me eho cap duoi, phdt huy ddy dii vai trd tu qudn, tu chu ciia ngudi dan thdn/lang/ap.
Thu ba, ddi mdi ndi dung vd phuong thirc boat dpng cua MTTQ vd cdc dodn t h i chinh tri - xd bdi trong XDNTM. Vl dai till, ttong qudn tri dia phuong ndi chung vd trong XDNTM ndi rilng, chiic ndng vd vai trd chu ylu cua MTTQ vd ede dodn the ehinh tri - xa hpi la: (i) dgi dien, bao ve quyin vd lpi ich cae tdng lop nhdn ddn; (ii) phdt triln chinh sdch cdng thdng qua boat ddng n l u sang kiln chinh sdeh, tu van va phan biln xa hgi; (iii) giam sat vd gdp y, phan anh, kiln nghi; (iv) dodn kit, tap hgp cac tang lop nhan ddn vd van ddng nhdn ddn thuc Men chinh sdeh;
(v) tuyen truyin, giao due; (vi) tham gia giai quyit cdc van de xa hgi vd eung img dich vu cdng: (vii) ddnh gid qudn tri dia phuong, bao gdm danh gid hilu qua thue thi chinh sdeh XDNTM;"^' (viii) lam ndng cot ttong viec phdt huy ddn chu"'^^'. Nhiing chiic ndng va vai ttd ndi tten ciia MTTQ vd cdc dodn the chinh tri - xa hdi d i u quan trpng, nhung ttong dieu kien mdi Men nay, MTTQ vd ede doan the chinh tri - xa hdi tten CO sd ehiic nang dai dien, bdo ve quyin vd lpi Ich ciia cdc tang lop nhan dan de coi ttgng hon cdc chuc ndng, nhu phdt triln chinh sdch cdng, nhat la boat ddng neu sang kien chinh sach va phan bien xd hdi; chirc nang giam sat vd gdp y, phan dnh, kiln nghi; chiic ndng ddnh gia quan tri dia phuong va phdt huy dan chu. Trong qua trinh
XDNTM, MTTQ vd eac doan tiie chinh tri - xd hdi can eoi ttgng hon cac boat ddng, nhu neu sdng kiln chinh sdch, phan biln xa hpi; gidm sat. gdp y, phdn dnh, kiln nghi vdi td chirc dang vd chinh quyin; danh gid ehinh sdch; hgp tdc vdi chinh quyen ttong cung iing dich vu cdng vd thuc Men tdt vai ttd ndng edt ciia minh phdt huy dan chu ciing nhu tdng cudng sir tham gia ciia ngudi ddn.
De thuc hien cd Meu qua cae chiic ndng vd hoat ddng cua minh, ben canh tiip tuc ddi mdi the che phap Mat ve td chiic, boat ddng ciia MTTQ vd cdc dodn t h i chinh tti - xa hgi ciing nhu ban than MTTQ, cac doan the chinh tri - xd hpi can ddi mdi vl td chirc bg mdy va dpi ngu cdn bd, cdn ddi hdi cap uy Dang va chinh quyen de cao ttach nMem cua nunh ttong ldnh dao vd phdi hpp vdi MTTQ vd ede doan the chinh tri • xa hdi •
(I) Nguyin Trpng Binh: "Ve ndi dung va hinh thirc tham gia ciia ngudi ddn 6 co so ttong qua trinh xdy dling nong thon moi", Tap chi Thdng tin Khoa hoc xahpi, sd 8/2018,
(2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), (12), (13), (14), (15) Nguyin Trpng Binh (chu nhiem): "Ndng cao hieu qua tham gia ciia ngudi dan trong qud trinh xay dung ndng thdn mdi 6 khu vuc ddng bang sdng Cliu Long", Bio cao tdnghop kit qua nghiin cuu di tai cip bd nam 2018 - 2019.
(II) Bao cao Meu qua quan tri va hanh chinh cong cap tinh nam 2018, http://papi.org.vn.
(17} Nguyin Trpng Binh: "Vai ttd ciia Mat trdn Td qudc, cac doan the nhan dan va td chiic xa hpi ttong quan tri dia phuong", Tap cW Mat tran, sd8/2018, (18) Kit luan sd 62-KL/TW ngay 8-12-2009 ciia Bd CM'nh tti ve tiep tuc ddi moi nOi dung, phuong thiic hoat dpng cua MTTQ Viet Nam va cac doan thi chinh tti - xa hdi, Ha Ndi. 2009.
LYLUAN CHlNHTR!-So 11/2019
