UNIT 5: STUDY HABITS
WRITE
Vocabulary
- regards (n) (lời chúc tốt đẹp ở cuối thư) - enjoyable (adj) vui vẻ, thú vị
- result (n) kết quả
- Lunar New Year festival (n) Tết nguyên đán
- celebrate (v) ăn mừng
- postcard (n) bưu thiếp
- Mid-Autumn festival (n) Tết trung thu
1. Look at Hoa’s letter to Tim. She wrote it at the end of term. Identify the sections. Label them with correct letter.
(Hãy xem bức thư Hoa gửi Tim. Cô ấy đã viết thư này vào cuối học kì. Nhận biết các phần. Hãy gán nhãn chúng theo mẫu tự thích hợp.)
A Body of the letter: Nội dung lá thư
B Heading - writer’s address and the date: Tiêu đề - địa chỉ của người viết và ngày tháng
C Closing - Your friend / Regards / Love: Cuối thư - Bạn của bạn/ Lời chúc tốt đẹp/ Thân thương D Opening - Dear ..., : Đầu thư - Thân mến ...,
Bài dịch
Đáp án
2. Now help Lan write a letter to her pen pal Donna in San Francisco. Use the information in the box.
(Bây giờ em hãy giúp Hoa viết thư cho Donna, bạn quen biết qua thư của cô ấy ở San Francisco, dùng thông tin cho trong khung.)
• Mother’s Day
• second semester report / last month
• good grades / Geography / Physics / Math
• teacher / tell / improve English / History
• in a few weeks / Mid-Autumn Festival / moon festival
• Ha Long Bay / aunt and uncle / bus / this afternoon
• send you / postcard
Gợi ý
LANGUAGE FOCUS
I/ Adverbs of manner (Trạng từ chỉ cách thức)
- Trạng ngữ chỉ cách thức nói cho chúng ta biết sự việc xảy ra như thế nào (trả lời cho: “How”) Ex: “How does he swim?” – “Fast”
1. Cách hình thành trạng từ chỉ cách thức:
Adj + ly → Adv of manner
Ex: slow slowly• Các tính từ kết thúc bằng “-y” (bỏ đuôi “-y” thêm “-ily”), “-e” (bỏ “-e” thêm “-ly”).
Ex: easy easily; gentle gently
• Một số trạng từ có hình thức giống như tính từ: fast, early, late, hard, near, right,…
Ex: They all worked hard.
Lưu ý: Một số tính từ kết thúc bằng “-ly” dùng trong cụm ” in a … way/manner”
Ex: She spoke in a friendly way. (friendly (adj): thân thiện)
2. Vị trí của trạng ngữ chỉ cách thức:
• sau động từ và tân ngữ
Ex: We ask for permission politely.
• đứng trước động từ
Ex: He kindly waited for me.
• đứng đầu câu
Ex: Carefully, she opened the box.
II/ Reported speech (Câu tường thuật)
1. Commands, requests in reported speech (Câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu trong câu tường thuật) a) Câu trực tiếp
▪ Câu mệnh lệnh khẳng định:
V (bare)
Ex: Mary said to me, “Be quiet, please!”
▪ Câu mệnh lệnh phủ định:
Don’t + V (bare)
Ex: The man said, “Don’t enter the room, boys.”▪ Câu yêu cầu
Can/Could/Will/Would you + V (bare) ?
Ex: Mary said to Daisy, “Could you type this letter for me?”b) Câu tường thuật
S + told / asked + O + (not) + to V
Ex: 1. Mary said to me, “Be quiet, please!” Mary asked me to be quiet.
2. The man said, “Don’t enter the room, boys.”
The man told the boys not to enter the room.
3. Mary said to Daisy, “Could you type this letter for me?”
Mary asked Daisy to type this letter for her.
2. Advice in reported speech (Lời khuyên trong câu tường thuật) a) Câu trực tiếp
▪ Lời khuyên khẳng định:
S + should / ought to + V (bare)
Ex: You should see a doctor. / You ought to see a doctor.
▪ Lời khuyên phủ định:
S + shouldn’t /ought not to + V (bare)
Ex: You shouldn’t go to bed late. / You ought not to go to bed late.b) Câu tường thuật
S
1said (that) + S
2+ should / shouldn’t + V (bare)
S
1+ told + O (that) + S
2+ should / shouldn’t + V (bare) S
1+ advised + O + (not) to V
Ex: She said, “Nam should work harder on his English pronunciation.”
She said Nam should work harder on his English pronunciation.
She advised Nam to work harder on his English pronunciation.
PRACTICE
1. Complete the dialogues. Use the adverbs of manner in the box.
(Hoàn thành hội thoại, dùng trạng ngữ chỉ cách thức cho trong khung.)
softly well fast badly hard
a) Hoa: Does Mrs. Nga speak English?
Lan: Oh, yes. She speaks English (0) well.
b) Hoa: Ba always gets excellent grades.
Lan: That’s because he studies (1) _______.
c) Hoa: That’s our bus!
Lan: Run (2) _______ and we might catch it.
d) Hoa: I’m very sorry. I know I behaved (3) ________.
Lan: It’s all right.
e) Hoa: I can’t hear you, Lan.
Lan: Sorry, but I’m speaking (4) _________ because I have a sore throat.
3. Work with a partner. Suppose you are Tim’s mother. Report Miss Jackson’s commands and request in her conversation with Tim’s mother.
(Hãy làm việc với bạn em. Giả sử em là mẹ của Tim, hãy tường thuật những yêu cầu và đề nghị của cô Jackson trong cuộc nói chuyện với mẹ của Tim.)
Example:
Miss Jackson said:
“Can you give Tim this dictionary?”
or “Please give Tim this dictionary.”
Tim’s mother reported it to Tim:
“Miss Jackson asked me to give you this dictionary.”
“Miss Jackson told me to give you this dictionary.”
a) “Please wait for me outside my office.”
b) “Please give Tim his report card for this semester.”
c) “Can you help him with his Spanish pronunciation?”
d) “Can you meet me next week?”
4. Work with a partner. Report Miss Jackson’s advice she gave in her conversation with Tim’s mother.
(Hãy làm việc với bạn em, tường thuật lời khuyên của cô Jackson mà cô đưa ra trong cuộc nói chuyện với mẹ của Tim.)
Example:
Miss Jackson said:
“Tim should work harder on his Spanish pronunciation.”
Tim’s mother reported it to Tim:
“Miss Jackson said you should work harder on your Spanish pronunciation.”
a) “Tim should spend more time on Spanish pronunciation.”
b) “Tim should practice speaking Spanish every day.”
c) “Tim should listen to Spanish conversations on TV.”
d) “Tim should practice reading aloud passages in Spanish.”
e) “Tim should use this dictionary to find out how to pronounce Spanish words.”
BÀI GIẢI 1.
b) Hoa: Ba always gets excellent grades.
Lan: That’s because he studies (1) hard.
c) Hoa: That’s our bus!
Lan: Run (2) fast and we might catch it.
d) Hoa: I’m very sorry. I know I behaved (3) badly.
Lan: It’s all right.
e) Hoa: I can’t hear you, Lan.
Lan: Sorry, but I’m speaking (4) softly because I have a sore throat.
3.
a) Miss Jackson asked me to wait for her outside her office.
b) Miss Jackson told me to give you your report card for this semester.
c) Miss Jackson told me to help you with your Spanish pronunciation.
d) Miss Jackson asked me to meet her next week.
4.
a) Miss Jackson said you should spend more time on Spanish pronunciation.
b) Miss Jackson said you should practice speaking Spanish every day.
c) Miss Jackson said you should listen to Spanish conversations on TV.
d) Miss Jackson said you should practice reading aloud passages in Spanish.
e) Miss Jackson said you should use this dictionary to find out how to pronounce Spanish words.
Revision (Units 4, 5)
1. Past simple
- Thì quá khứ diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và chấm dứt trong quá khứ.
E.g. They arrived at the airport two hours ago. (arrive) He flew to America last year. (fly)
- Cấu trúc
Động từ thường Động từ be
(+)
S + V-ed / V
2S + was / were
(–)
S + didn’t + V S + wasn’t / weren’t
(?)
Did + S + V …? Was / Were + S …?
* I / he / she / it + was
* You / We / They + were
- Cách nhận biết▪ Yesterday: hôm qua
▪ Last (week, month, year…): … trước
▪ Ago: cách đây …
▪ In + thời gian trong quá khứ
2. Prepositions of time
- in + tháng, năm, mùa,buổi
- on + ngày
- at + giờ
- after + giờ, ngày, tháng, năm - before + giờ, ngày, tháng, năm - between + giờ, ngày, tháng, năm
E.g. a. A new school year starts in September.b. She usually plays sport in the evening.
c. We meet each other at 9:00 a.m. on Monday.
d. This shop will open after August 9th.
e. We finished this project before 5:00 p.m.
f. All students study between September and May every year.
3. Used to
- Used to dùng để nói về một sự việc, một thói quen đã từng xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng đã chấm dứt.
E.g. I used to live on a farm when I was a child.
- Cấu trúc
(+)
S + used to + V (Bare infinitive)
(−)S + didn’t use to + V (Bare infinitive)
(?)Did + S + use to + V (Bare infinitive)
4. Adverbs of manner
- Trạng ngữ chỉ cách thức nói cho chúng ta biết sự việc xảy ra như thế nào (trả lời cho: “How”) Ex: “How does he swim?” – “Fast”
a. Cách hình thành trạng từ chỉ cách thức:
Adj + ly → Adv of manner
Ex: slow slowly• Các tính từ kết thúc bằng “-y” (bỏ đuôi “-y” thêm “-ily”), “-e” (bỏ “-e” thêm “-ly”).
Ex: easy easily; gentle gently
• Một số trạng từ có hình thức giống như tính từ: fast, early, late, hard, near, right,…
Ex: They all worked hard.
Lưu ý: Một số tính từ kết thúc bằng “-ly” dùng trong cụm ” in a … way/manner”
Ex: She spoke in a friendly way. (friendly (adj): thân thiện)
b. Vị trí của trạng ngữ chỉ cách thức:
• sau động từ và tân ngữ
Ex: We ask for permission politely.
• đứng trước động từ
Ex: He kindly waited for me.
• đứng đầu câu
Ex: Carefully, she opened the box.
5. Reported speech
a. Commands, requests in reported speech
S + told / asked + O + (not) + to V
Ex: 1. Mary said to me, “Be quiet, please!” Mary asked me to be quiet.
2. The man said, “Don’t enter the room, boys.”
The man told the boys not to enter the room.
3. Mary said to Daisy, “Could you type this letter for me?”
Mary asked Daisy to type this letter for her.
b. Advice in reported speech
S
1said (that) + S
2+ should / shouldn’t + V (bare)
S
1+ told + O (that) + S
2+ should / shouldn’t + V (bare) S
1+ advised + O + (not) to V
Ex: She said, “Nam should work harder on his English pronunciation.”
She said Nam should work harder on his English pronunciation.
She advised Nam to work harder on his English pronunciation.
EXERCISES
I. Find the one choice that best completes the sentence.
1. He tried to give up smoking but couldn’t break the___________.
A. hobby B. habit C. pastime D. favor
2. Our team won the game because we played very ___________.
A. good B. well C. goody D. better
3. You________ take the baby to the doctor.
A. should B. ought C. need D. has to
4. The doctor______ he should take a few days off.
A. say B. said C. ask D. tell
5. He was more than a little proud _____ himself.
A. about B. to C. of D. for
6. The Chinese team ______ in the competition.
A. work very hard B. worked very hard C. work very hardly D. worked very hardly 7. James is very ill; he ______ to the hospital.
A. need to go B. needs to go C. need going D. needs going 8. His ______ towards me is very strange.
A. behave B. behavior C. behaved D. behaving 9. I was born in Vietnam; Vietnamese is my______.
A. mother tongue B. first language C. foreign language D. a & b 10. How do you______ your name?
A. pronunciation B. pronounce C. pronounced D. pronoun 11. The water was rising ______.
A. fast B. slow C. fastly D. lovely
12. As you’re so unhappy there, you _____ look for another job.
A. should B. ought C. need D. has to
13. Sally_____ him to come home early.
A. tell B. told C. say D. ask
14. I tried my ______ not to laugh.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
15. We should learn this poem______.
A. by heart B. by soul C. by many times D. by millions
16. She arrived early ______ a good seat.
A. so that to get B. in order get C. in order to get D. so that getting 17. You must improve your spelling.
A. make something better B. become better C. make something worse D. become worse 18. His parents are very proud ________ their sons.
A. in B. about C. of D. on
19. We left at 6 a. m _______ late.
A. so as not to be B. so as not being C. so as to be D. so as not being 20. He usually ______ or highlights only the words he wants to learn.
A. underlines B. understands C. underlined D. understood
II. Write the correct word form of the word in the brackets.
1. What is the correct ________________ of this word? (pronounce) 2. There is room for further ________________ in your English (improve) 3. I can do all of these exercises ______________. (easy)
4. She actively ________________ in social work. (participation) 5. Last year we had an ________________ summer holiday (enjoy) 6. He was ___________ of his achievements in the field of politics. (pride) 7. You’d better do some ________________ for the final exams. (revise) 8. The ________________ of the project made me tense. (important)
9. He is an ________________ student. (excellence)
10. They don’t have enough money to buy ________________ equipment. (necessity)
11. Don’t be foolish and ______________. (greed)
12. ________________, I lost all my money on the way home. (fortune) 13. We used to ________________ in many activities of communal center
in my neighborhood. (participation)
14. The boys were ________________ to take part in the game. (excite) 15. I saw many people in ________________ clothes at the festival. (tradition)
III. Rewrite the sentences without changing the meaning.
1. “Try your best to improve your pronunciation, Tim,” Miss Jackson said.
Miss Jackson asked _____________________________________________________ . 2.“Don’t make so much noise,” my father said.
My father told _________________________________________________________ . 3 “You should practice speaking English every day, Nam,” said my teacher.
My teacher said ________________________________________________________ . 4.The teacher said to Tim, “Come in my office, please.”
The teacher asked ______________________________________________________ .
6. Their mother said to them, “Don’t stay up late.”
Their mother asked _____________________________________________________ . 7. The traffic policeman said to Mr. Minh, “Show me your driving license, please.”
The traffic policeman told ________________________________________________ . 8. Mrs. Jackson said to Tim, “Could you give me a hand, please?”
Mrs. Jackson told ______________________________________________________ . 9. The lifeguard said, “Don’t swim out too far, boys.”
The lifeguard asked _____________________________________________________ . 10. Nam said to the taxi driver, “Please turn left at the first traffic light.”
Nam asked the taxi driver ________________________________________________ . 11. The policeman said, “Don’t touch anything in the room.”
The policeman told _____________________________________________________ . 12. Mary said to John, “Can you carry my suitcase, please?”
Mary told John ________________________________________________________ . 13.She is no longer a famous singer.
She used to ___________________________________________________________ . 14.We ought not to eat food sold on the pavements.
We should not _________________________________________________________ . 15. I had a dog once, but I don/t have any more.
I used to ______________________________________________________________ .
IV. Fill in the blank with correct prepositions.
1. We are taking our holidays ___________ July.
2. I’ll be there ____________ 3 p.m. and 3.15 p.m.
3. My father always goes home ___________ 7 p.m. to watch the news on TV.
4. What will you do __________ New Year’s Day?
5. We try to get away _____________ Christmas time.
6. The birds don’t find much to eat in our garden __________ winter.
7. We got up ____________ dawn.
8. There’s a good film on the day ___________ tomorrow.
9. I don’t want anything to go wrong _____________ your wedding day.
10. I will see you ____________ Wednesday.
11. My sister gets up ____________ 6 o’clock ___________ the morning.
12. We will move _____________ 24th November.
13. I always go and see him ___________ his birthday.
14. I was born ___________1st June, 1985.
15. We will have a big celebration ___________ Christmas.
16. ___________ the end of this year, we will move.
17. He was born ____________1999.
18. She never works ___________ the weekend.
19. I’ll see you __________ lunchtime.
20. They don’t go to school ___________ Saturday.
21. I always drink two cups of tea ___________ night.
22. The beach is busy __________ June to August.
23. It is very cold ___________ January in Britain.
24. I can finish translating this story in Vietnamese ____________ two days.
25. He looks older than me, and I think he was born ___________ December 1999.
