Tuyen tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Pdu khi Vict Nam: Co hoi moi, thach thuc moi" 2 7
KET QUA HOAT
D O N GTIM KIEM THAM DO
D A UKHI CUA TONG CONG TY DAU KHI VIET NAM: CO UOI VA THACH THUC
Tran Due Chinh. Nguyen Van Dac. Trinh Xuan Cirdng Tdng cong ty Ddu khi liet Nam
TOM T A T
Cong tdc tim kiem thdm dd (TKTD) ddu khi a Viet Nam chrac bdt ddu lir nhirng mini 60 cua the ky XN. Irai qua nhieu giai dogn khdc nhau. Hoat dpng TKTD ddu khi chi tlnrc sir dugc phdt trien mcinh me tir sau khi Tong cue Ddu mo vd Khi dot Viet Nam nay Id Tong cong t\' Ddu khi Viet Nam (Petro Vietnam) dugc thdnh lap 30 nam trir&c day vdo ngdy 3- 9-1975. Nha co chinh sdch doi m&i, ma cua ciia Ddng vd Chinh phii, trong thai gian qua Tong cong tv Ddu khi Viet Nam dd co nhirng bir&c tien virgt bgc ve ca chdl va lirgng. 50 hgp dong ddu khi v&i nhieu cong !}• ddu khi l&n cua Ihe gi&i dd dirge ky kel. ihirc hien;
trong do 27 hgp dong dang con co hieu lire. Ngodi cdc hogt dpng ciia cdc nhd I hdu nirirc ngodi. Tong cdng ly Ddu khi Viet Nam dd vd dang giir inpl vai tro ddng ke trong dieu hdnh cdc hogt dpng ddu khi cimg cdc doi tdc mr&c ngodi vd von dong gop ngdy nipl limg (iham gia 24 hgp dong ddu khi. trong do co 5 hgp dong co von dong gop t&i 50% ) . da bdi ddu lir dieu hdnh nhieu dir dn TKTD a trong nir&c vd nir&c ngodi. Cho t&i nay long so von ddu tir cho Iham dd khai thac ddu khi tgi Viet Nam dgt tren 7 n'' USD v&i Inm 70 nio/phdt hien ddu khi, trong do co 10 mo dang khai thac v&i son lirong quy ddu khoang 79.000nr (530.000 thimg/ngdy dem).
Trir lirang vd tiem ndng ddu khi cdc he trdm tich De tam cua Viet Nam diirxc dir hao khoang 4.6 ly nr quy ddu, phdn bo chu yen & them luc dia vd vimg dac quyen kinh le.
Trong do. tiem ndng dd phdt hien khoang 1.210 ly m^ quy ddu Igi cdc he Ciru Long, Nam Con So-n, Malay - Tho Chu vd Song Hong. Tuy nhien, mirc dp TKTD chii yen lap Ining a 1/3 dien lich them luc dia dd ky hop dong ddu khi v&i mirc nir&c dir&i 200m. liem ndng dim khi chira phdt hien a dien lich cdn lgi khd l&n, Id ca hpi dong th&i cimg liem an nhieu llu'ich Ihirc cho cdc hogt dpng TKTD ddu khi. Cong Idc lir dieu hdnh, lir ddu lir TKTD a trong vd ngodi nir&c dd dirac trien khai khd tich cue, dd co mpt .so phdi hien c/dii khi vd bir&c ddu CO trd' hrang tir mr&c ngodi.
De dam bao gia Idng Ini luang hdng ndm khoang 35 - 40 Irieii nr quy ddu nhdm duy Iri sir phdt trien ben vimg cua Ngdnh Ddu khi Viet Nam, gop phdn ddp dng nhu cdu ndng lirang quoc gia vd phdt trieu nen kinh te ddi mr&c, Tong cong ly Ddu khi Viet Nam cdn day mgnh han nira cong tdc TKTD bdng cdch khuyen khich, ihii hiit ddu tir mr&c ngodi kel hap v&i phdt huy noi lire tdng cir&ng lir dieu hdnh, lir ddu lir TKTD r/ irong mrirc. dong ih&i lien hdnh mua Idi sdn cimg nhir tdng cir&ng ddu tir TKTD a mr&c ngodi nhdm hii ddp Iru hrang thieu hut a trong mr&c; xdy dirng Tong cong ly Ddu khi Vie! Nam llianh mgi lap dodn ddu khi co hogt dong a ca trong vd ngodi mr&c.
- " Kel qua ho;it (long tim kiem thilm do dau khi cua l o n g cong t\ Dau khi \ ict Nam: ( o hoi \ a thach thiic
Viol Nam la mdt qudc gia cd tiem nang dau khi. \di dien tich llicm luc dia \a \ img dac qu>cn kinh te gan 1 iricu km" bao gdm cac be tram tich De tam: Sdng Hdng. Plui Khanh. Ciru Long. Nam Cdn San, Mala> - Ihd Chu. Tu Chinh - Wing Ma>. nhdm be 1 rudng Sa \ a Hoang Sa (Hinh 1).
Hoat ddng TKTD dau khi o Viet Nam da dugc bat dau trien khai o' mien \dng Ha Ndi \'a tning An Chau tu' nhung nam 60 cua tht: k> XX \di sir giiip dd ciia Lien Xd cii.
Nam 1975. mo khi Tien Hai "C" da dugc phat hien a mien \dng Ha Ndi va dua vao khai thac til' nam 1981 cho den nay.
0 them luc dia phia Nam. hoat ddng TKTD dugc tien hanh tir nhirng nam 1970 boi cac cdng ty dau khi nude ngoai nhu Mobil. Pecten. Lnion i^^xas. \ .\...
Sau ngii} mien Nam giai phdng 30-4-1975, cdng tac TKTD dau khi bude \'ao giai doan mdi. danh dau bang xiee thanh lap Tdng cue Dau mo va Khi ddt Viet Nam nay la idng cdng ty Dau khi Viet Nam vao ngay 3-9-1975. Cdng tac TKLD dugc trien khai tren pham vi ca nirdc. a dat lien (mien vdng Ha Ndi. ddng bdng sdng Ciiu Long) \a thim luc dja phia Nam bang cac hgp ddng dau khi vdi cac Cdng l> AGIP (Italia), Deminex (CHLB Dire) \a Bo\v\alle\ (Canada).
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06°DON W O O E 108°0OE 112">00e
Minh 1: Ciic h i lir«m tich Dc tain \ iet Nam
116°OOE
Tuyc-n tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Pdu khi Vict Nam: C o hoi moi, thach thiic moi" 29^
Mdt bude nsoat quan trgng cua Nganh Dau khi Viet Nam la sir ra ddi cua Xi nghiep liC-n doanh \'icls()\ petro nam 1981 va den nam 1986 ddng dau cdng nghiep dau tien da dugc phcii hien lir tram tich Miocen a mo Bach lid. Hai nam sau (1988) dau tiep iiic dugc phai hien trong mdng mit ne trudc De tam. Su phat hien na\ lam tha> ddi phan bd mi lugng va ddi tugng khai thac tai mo Bach Lid. gdp phan tang nhanh san lugng khai thac hang nam ddng thdi dua ra quan diem dja chat mdi trong tham dd dau khi a be Cuu Long ndi rieng va o them luc dia Viet Nam ndi chung.
rir khi cd Luat Ddu tu nude ngoai (29/12/1987) va Luat Ddu khi (6/7 1993). da cd hang chuc cdng ty. tap doan dau khi Idn tren the gidi dau tir vao TKIT) tren toan them luc dia Viet Nam.
Ngoai cac hoat ddng TKTD do cac nha thau dau khi nude ngoai thuc hien. irong nhung nam qua, PetroVietnam da va dang tich cue dau tu, tu dieu hanh cac du an IKTD o trong nude va da cd nhung bude di ban dau trong vice dau tu TKTD dau khi o' nude ngoai. Cho den nay, nhieu de an dau khi o nude ngoai da dugc ky ket va dang dugc thuc hien trong di^i cd cac dc an PetroVietnam la nha dieu hanh. Day la mdc danh dau sir truong thanh vugt bae cua PetroVietnam tren con dudng trd thanh tap doan diiu khi cd hoat ddng o' ca Irong va ngoai nude.
CAC THANH TUD TRONG CONG TAC TKTD D A U KHI
\. Cac hoat dong TKTD dau khi
0 trong nude, den nay. 50 hgp ddng dau khi PSC. .IOC va BCC da dugc ky ket.
trong dd 27 hgp ddng (Hinh 2) dang boat ddng. idng sd vdn dau tu i'KTD cho den nay dat gan 5 ly USD, trong dd su tham gia gdp vdn, vai trd dieu hanh ciia PetroVietnam giir mdt vi lri dimg ke va ngay mdt tang (PetroVietnam cd ty le gdp vdn nhat djnh trong 24 hgp ddng dau khi, trong dd 5 hgp ddng chiem tdi 50%). Nhieu ky thuat va cdng nghe mdi tien lien dugc ap dung da dem lai thanh qua to ldn, tiep theo vice phat hien dau trong mdng nirt ne trirdc De tam tai md Bach Hd da phat hien nhieu md dau mdi trong ddi tugng mdng nhu cac mo Rdng. I Idng Ngge. Rang Ddng. Su Tu Den. Sir Tu Vang. Sir lu Irang (be Cuu Long). Dai Hiing (be Nam Cdn Son) vii BIO (mien vdng 1 la Ndi).
Ngoai viec tham gia ciing \eVi cac nha thau trong cac hgp ddng dau khi. trong thdi gian qua. PetroVietnam da va dang lich cue diiu tu, tu dieu himh 7 du an i K IT) a lir Chinh - Vung Miiy, mien vdng Hit Ndi. vinh Bae Bd. viing bien mien Irung (be Phii Khanh) \a dang khai thac mo Dai Hiing, Tien Hai C da khao sat khoang 3().()()0km dia chiin 2D. 830km" dja chiin 3D \ii khoan hon 10 gieng khoan tim kiem iham dd vii ihiim lugng (TKTD&TL) vdi tdng chi phi khoang 150 trieu USD vit 200 ty VND. Cdng uic lu diiu lu dci cho phep di trudc mdt bude trong giai quyet cac muc lieu dieu tra co ban danh gia tiem nang diiu khi phuc \u hoach dinh chien luge TKTD tiep theo cung nhu lao co so keu ggi dau tu nude ngoai. Ben canh mdt sd kel qua TKTD ban dau dang khich le (2 phat hien khi. gieng khoan (GK) thiim lirgng 05-1-DH 14X cho kel qua 650 liin dau/ngiiy).
cdng Uic lir dim lu da gdp phiin niing cao nang lire dieu hanh cua PelroN'ielnam.
Nhieu chirong trinh nghien ciru khoa hgc cap Nha nude, ciip Ngiinh \ di himg tram de Uii hoae nhiem \ u nghien ciru \a trien khai cdng nghe dii dugc ihuc hien. gdp phim dinh
30 Ket qua hoat dong tim kiem tham do dau khi ctia T6ng cong ty Dau khi \ ict Nam: Cff hoi va thach thiix^
hudng va giai quNel cac \an dc khoa hgc - cdng nghe do thirc te TKTD dat ra. di cd ddng gdp nhat dinh vao thanh luu trong TKTD dau khi ciia PetroVietnam.
Qua hon 40 nam boat ddng TKTD tren lanh thd \ a thim luc dja Viet Nam. Nganh Dau khi va cac cdng ty dau khi nude ngoai da lien hanh khao sat gdn 300.000km tu\en dja chan 2D. khoang 30.000km" dia chan 3D, khoan tren 600 gieng khoan thiim dd. thiim lugng va khai thac (Hinh 3. 4) vdi tdng chi phi tren 7 t\ I'SD. Da phat hien tren 70 mo/phat hien trong dd 10 md dang khai thac vdi tdng san lugng khai thac lir ciic mo niiy den thang 12-2004 dat tren 195 trieu m"* dau va 19 ty m^ khi. Nhieu phat hien dau khi khae (d cac be Sdng Hdng. Ciiu Long, Nam Cdn Son, Malay - Thd Chu) da va dang dugc thiim lugng va phat trien.
O nutVc ngoai, tir cudi nhung nam 1990. PetroVietnam da cd chu truong va tiing bude trien khai dau tu TKTD dau khi d nude ngoai. Cho den nay, PetroVietnam da tham gia vao 7 de an tham dd khai thac (TDKT) a nude ngoiii, trong dd cd 2 de an la nha dieu hanh. Cac de an nay dang trong giai doan tham dd va tham lugng. Du kien eudi nam 2006 dau 2007, PetroVietnam se cd san lugng dau dau tien tii' cac de an dau tu nude ngoai. Diiy ia mdc danh dau sir trudng thanh vugt bae ciia Tdng cdng ty Dau khi Viet Nam tren con dudng trd thanh tap doan dau khi cd boat ddng ca d trong va ngoai nude.
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Hinh 2: Cac hop dong dau khi dang hoat dong tai Vict Nam
Tuyen tap bao cao Hoi nghi KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Co hoi moi, thach thuc moi" 31 Nhu vay, trong 30 nam qua, dac biet tir khi cd chinh sach ddi mdi. mo cua den nay.
hoat ddng lim kilm tham dd dau khi da dugc PetroVietnam (PV) trien khai rat tich cue, ddng bd. loan dien d ca trong va ngoai nude, d ca khu vuc cac hgp ddng dau khi (dau tu nude ngoai) lan tu ddu lu, lu dieu hanh; nang lire quan ly va dieu hanh cdng tac TKTD da cd nhirng bude truang thanh dang ke va da mang lai nhiing kel qua quan trgng trong xac dinh/gia lang trii' lugng va san lugng khai thac dau khi hang nam ddng gdp quan trgng viio su phat trien cua diit nude.
JIL
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Nam
Hinh 3: So hop dong ky diroc trong cac nam 1988 Bang 1: Cac de an tu dau tu' TKTD dau khi
CM CO 5 lO
o o (5 o o o o o
CM CM CN C>J
2005
TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Ten dir dn
Dia chan 2D, khoan - Tu Chinh Dja chdn 2D-VBB
Khoan TD MVHN Khoan khai thac TH-02 Thu nd dja chan 3D-VBB
Thu nd dja chdn 2D PK&TC-VM Dai Himg (khoan TD)
Ndm
1993, 1995 1995, 1998 2002
2004-2005 2002 2003 2003 2003-2004
Khoi lugng 12.000km 1 GK 7600km 2 G K 2 G K 1 GK 831km- 9.672km 2 G K Bang 2: Cac de an dau tu TDKT dau khi 6' nu'oc ngoai 77'
I
T
N
4 5 6 7
7c'/7 dir dn
Hgp ddng phat trien md dau Amara Hgp ddng tham dd - tham lugng dau khi Id 433a cS: 416b
Hgp ddng PSC Id PM304 1 Igp ddng PSC Id SK305
1 lop ddng PSC Id Ddng Bae Madura I 1 lop ddng PSC Id Ddng Bae Madura 11 1 lop ddng PSC cac Id 19, 21, 22 TamtsaR
Khu virc ddu tir Irae Angieri Malaixia Malaixia Inddnexia Inddnexia Mdng Cd
Ty Irong tham gia cua PV 100 (dilu hiinh) 40 (dilu hanh) 4,5 + 10.5= 15 30
20 20 5
Thdi diem iham gia 29-4-2002 30-6-2003 1-8-2000 16-6-2003 14-10-2003 14-10-2003 5-11-1999
Ket qua hoat dong tim kiem tham do dau khi cua Tong cong t\ Dau khi \ ict Nam: Co' hoi >a thacli thiic
i'u\ nhien. do cdng lac TKTD chii yeu dua vao dau tu nude ngoiii nen luirc do khdng ddng deu. mdi lap trung chu yeu d \iing cd trien \gng nirdc ndng tdi 200m. dien lich cac Id da ky hgp ddng. dci cd boat ddng dau khi chi chiem khoang 1/3 dien tich loiin them luc dia. gan 2/3 dien tich cdn lai chii \eu o \iing nude sau. xa bd. v.v... chua co uii lieu hoae mdi chi dugc nghien eiru dia \at ly khu \irc can phai dugc day manh cdng lac TKTD. Canh tranh trong thu hiit dau lu nude ngoai \ao TKTD trong khu \ire rat ga> gat can tiep tuc hoan thien cac chinh sach khuyen khich cae cdng l\ diiu khi qudc te dau lu vao Viet Nam. Cdng tac dau tu, tu dieu hanh TKTD d trong \ a ngoai nude cdn nhd be ehua dap irng yeu cau do thieu kinh nghiem. ehua cd hanh lang phap ly phii hgp va ban che ve co che dieu hiinh hien hanh.
" 60000
^ 50000 g 40000
•S 30000 tn
20000 10000 0
Hinh 4: Ket qusi cong tiic thu no dia chan va khoan trong nam 1988 - 2004 2. Ket qua nghien ciiu dia chat va tiem nang ciia cac be tram tich Oe tam Viet Nam
Kel qua cdng tac TKTD trong thdi gian qua da xac djnh va lam sang td nhung ntH eau triic dja chat va he thdng dau khi ca ban eua cac be tram lich De lam cd triln vgng ddu khi o thcMu luc dja va dat lien eiia Viet Nam bao gdm cac be Sdng Hdng, Phii Khanh, Ciru Long, Nam Cdn Son. Tu Chinh - Vung May, Malay - Thd Chu va nhdm cac bl trdm lich Hoang Sa, Trudaig Sa. Trong dd cac be Sdng Hdng, Cuu Long, Nam Cdn San, Malay - Thd Chu duge xac dinh la cac be chira dau khi vdi nhieu phat hien ddu khi vit cae mo dans khai thac.
Cac \iin de \ e dac diem cau Iriic dja chat, mdi trudng trdm lich, he thong ddu khi (cac chi lieu sinh. chii-a, chan, thdi gian hinh thanh bay va dich chuyin ddu khi) vii dac biel. \ iec danh gia tiem nang dau khi eiia Viet Nam ndi chung, ciia timg bl tram lich De tam ndi ricMig da dugc PetroVietnam nghien ciru. danh gia theo mdl Id hgp phuonu phiip
\ il he thdng thdng nhiil.
Irong khudn khd de an danh gia tdng the liem nang ddu khi Viet Nam - VITRA-IL tiem nang \a trir lugng diiu khi da dugc danh gia cho cae play (doi tugng chira ddu khi) chinh: mdng nirt nc trudc Kainozoi (play I), cat ket Oligocen (play 2). cat kit Miocen
Tuy^n tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: C o hoi mdi, thach thiic mdi" 33 (play 3), carbonat Miocen (play 4) va da phun trao (play 5) (Bang 3). Dudi da\- chi neu ldm tdt cac kit qua nghien cim dja chat va danh gia tiem nang dau khi ciia cac be tram lich De tam cua Viet Nam cap nhat den het 31/12/2004:
Bang 3: Cac loai play 6 cac be tram tich Kainozoi Viet Nam
Tudi
Pliocen Miocen tren Miocen giua Miocen dudi
Oligocen
Mong
Code/Play
3d/Turbidit 3c/Da manh vun 4/Carbonat 3b/Da manh vun 3 a/Da manh vun 2d/Bay dja tang do vat nhon
2c/FluviaI dong bang
7 1
chau thd tdi cat bien ndng
2b/FIuvial dong bang chau thd hoae dam hd 2a/Fluvial ddng bang chau thd
5/Da phun trao 1/Mdng phong hoa nurt ne va mdng carbonat Karst hoa
Sdng Hdng
Phil Khdnh
Ciru Long
Nam Cdn San
Tu Chinh
Malay - Thd chu
MVHN
a. Bi Sdng Hdng
Cac tai lieu hien cd cho thay, be Sdng Hdng la be dang pull-apart keo tach cd cau tnic dja chat phirc lap, keo dai tir mien vdng Ha Ndi ra bien theo hudng Tay Bae - Ddng Nam (TB-DN) chiem phan ldn vinh Bae bd den khu vuc bien mien Trung tiep giap vdi be Phil Khanh. Sir hinh thanh va phat trien bl Sdng Hdng cd lien quan true tilp din boat ddng ciia he thdng dirt gay Sdng Hdng theo hudng Tay Bde - Ddng Nam va A Bde Nam thudc ria Tay Bae Bien Ddng. Chinh cac he thdng dirt gay nay da phan chia vii khong chi cac don vi cau tnic chinh cua be Sdng Hdng (Hinh 5).
3 4 Ket qua hoat dong tim kiem tham do dau khi ciia Tong cong ty Dau khi \ iet Nam: Co hoi \a thach thiic
Be Sdng Hdng dugc lap day bdi tram lich Kainozoi \di be day cd the dat ldi tren 14km d trung sau trung tam. Can cir vao dac diem tram tich, be cd the phan ra 2 viing Bae va Nam vdi dac diem tram tich khae nhau. Dia tang d phia Bae gdm ca mien vdng Ha Ndi dugc thanh tao bdi cac tram tich luc nguyen, ddi chd chira than cd tudi tii' Eoxen den De tir nhung chieu day, mdi Irudng tudng tram tich phan ngoai bien cd thay ddi so vdi dat lien.
6 phia Nam. ngoai cac thanh lao luc nguyen cdn cd cac thanh tao carbonat tudi Miocen dudi (gieng 115-A-lX) va giira (Id 118 va 119). 0 day cd nhieu va day du cac ddi tugng chira ddu khi. He thong ddu khi tai be Sdng Hdng da dugc nghien ciru va cd eae dac diem sau:
• Dd sinh: Cd hai tang da sinh chinh cd tudi Miocen giua va Oligocen. Tang sinh Miocen giiia cd ham lugng vat chat hiru co (VCHC) trung binh, chii yeu loai III. cd kha nang sinh khi lii chinh. 6 phan trung sau la da trudng thanh va mdi bude vao pha di cu tir eudi Miocen. Tang sinh Oligocen cd ham lugng VCHC trung binh, tdt ban d phia Nam be, nhung van la dang VCHC loai III la chinh, mdt sd noi cd gap VCHC loai II, I cd kha nang sinh ddu tdt hon (phu be Hue, GK PV-XT-IX). Hau het da me Oligocen da trai qua tat ca cac pha tao san pham va di cu each day 1 0 - 2 0 trieu nam.
• Dd chira: Trong pham vi be Sdng Hdng cd 2 loai da chira chinh dd la cac thanh tao luc nguyen ed tudi Oligocen, Miocen, Pliocen dudi va da carbonat cd tudi Miocen.
Trong dd da chira carbonat phan bd chu yeu d phia Nam ciia be. Ngoai ra, cac da mdng phong hoa nirt ne trudc De tam (da vdi) da phat hien d GK BIO-STB-IX la ddi tugng chira dang quan tam.
• Dd chdn; Da cd kha nang chan d be Sdng Hdng la da hat min gdm set ket, bdt ket tudi Oligocen va Miocen xen ke vdi cac da chira la nhting tang chira mang tinh chat dja phuong. Ngoai ra, tang set ed tudi Pliocen sdm phd bien d phan Trung tam va phia Nam be la tang chan khu vuc.
• Bdy ddu khi: Cac loai bay dau khi d be Sdng Hdng rat da dang bao gdm cac cau tao vdm, ban vdm ke dirt gay, bay dia tang lien quan den diapir set, cac ddi vat nhgn dja tang, cac than cat dang dap chan, ldng sdng cd, fan cat, cac bay hdn hgp va cac khdi xay carbonat tren dja liiy Tri Tdn. Tuy nhien, cac bay cau tao d phan phia Bae ciia be dugc hoan thien mudn (cudi Miocen) nen sir tich tu ciia dau khi cd phan ban che.
Tuygn tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Co hoi moi, thach thiic mdi' 35
Hinh 5: He thong diit gay chinh va cac doi cSu true bl Song Hong (theo PIDC)
Qua cac chi tieu neu tren va ket qua khoan TKTD da phat hien nhilu cdu tao chira khi quan trgng, be Sdng Hdng dugc danh gia cd triln vgng vl ddu khi, trong dd tilm nang sinh khi la chii yeu. Tuy nhien, do anh hudng cua cac boat ddng nui lira Ire nen riii ro gap khi CO2 d khu vuc Nam - Ddng Nam. Trir lugng va tilm nang ddu khi ciia bl Sdng Hdng dy' bao khoang 1100 trieu m^ quy ddu (chu ylu la khi) chiim khoang 24%o tdng tilm nang dau khi Viet Nam, trong dd tap trung chii ylu d play 3 va 4 (80%o). Tilm nang du bao ciia cac play chua dugc xac nhan chira ddu khi (1, 2a, 2b va 2d) cbilm 13%o tilm nang ciia bl cdn la cac ddi tugng TKTD tiem nang trong tuong lai. Tai nguyen khi da phat hien khoang 250 ty m'' khi (da loai trir CO,), trong dd md khi Tiln Hai "C" d miin vdng Ha Ndi dang dirge khai Ihac va md D14, Ddng Quan "D" dang dugc thir via dai ngiiy nhdm danh gia kha nang thuong mai ciia cac phat hien nay.
b. Bi Phu Khdnh
Be Phil Khanh phan bd dge theo bd bien mien Trung, phdn ldn dien lich ciia bl cd do sau nude bien tren 200m do vay mdi chi cd cac nghien ciiu dja chdn va chua cd khoan tim kiem tham dd. Du bao tram tich Kainozoi cd chieu day thay ddi ldn tir vai tram met d dge viing ria phia Tay din 7000 - 8000m lai trung sau phia Ddng, bao gdm cac thanh lao luc nguyen va cac thanh tao carbonat. Be Phii Khanh bj chia cdt va khdng cbl bdi cac dirt gay hirdng Bae Nam va Tay Bde - Ddng Nam, chia bl ra cac don vj kiln lao chinh nhu them Da Ndng, them Phan Rang, trung Phu Khanh va ddi trugt Tuy Hoa (Hinh 6).
36 Ket qua hoat dong tim kiem tham do dau khi ciia Tong cong ty Dau khi \ i e t Nam: Co' hoi vii thach tiiiic
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Hinh 6: He thong dul gay chinh va cac doi cau true be Phii Khanh (theo Nopec vd VPI)
Cac play cd kha nang phat trien d be Phu Khanh la cac thanh tao luc nguyen tudi Oligocen (play 2), Miocen (play 3), carbonat Miocen (play 4) va mdng phong boa nirt ne (play 1), tuy nhien. do d viing nay chua cd cac gieng khoan tham dd nen cac dac diem sinh, chu'a, chan chi cd the du bao dua vao cac lien ket vdi cac be lan can va cac nghien CU'U diem Id dau tren bd.
• Dd sinh; Be Phii Khanh cd the cd mat da me tudi Oligocen va Miocen sdm. Ket qua phan tich mau diem Id d khu vuc Dam Thj Nai, sdng Ba va Kontum cho thay mau tram tich hat min ludi Neogen tuong ddi giau VCHC (TOC = 1,79 - 2,64%, trung binh 2,0%), S2 = 8,22kg/T, PI < 0,3, HI = 242 - 866. Kit qua xay dung md hinh boa vdi ddng nhiet vao thdi ky dau Oligocen 1,22HFU, cudi Oligocen 1,35HFU, cudi Miocen sdm 1,07HFU, do sau dat cira sd tao dau d 3000 - 5000m.
• Dd chira: Cac da chua la la cat ket tudi Oligocen, Miocen va Pliocen. Ngoai ra, cac thanh tao carbonat tudi Miocen va mdng phong hoa nirt ne ciing la da chira cd liem nang.
• Dd chdn; Cac thanh tao set ket, set ket xen bdt ket tudi Oligocen va Miocen cung nhu Pliocen la cac man chan quan trgng cho cac bay dau khi.
• Bdy ddu khi: Ket qua minh giai tai lieu dia chan da phat hien mdt sd cau lao dang vdm, ban vdm ke dirt gay, cac am tieu san hd ludi Miocen, ngoai ra cd the phat trien cac biiy thach hgc. dia lang, cac bay hdn hgp va cac khdi nhd mdng trudc Dc tam bi chdn viii.
Tuyen tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Co hoi moi. thach thiic mdi" 37 Mac dii. he thdng dau khi lai be nay chua dugc xac dinh do chua cd gieng khoan TKTD nhung vdi chieu day tram lich Idn lai nam ke lien vdi cac be da cd phat hien va dang khai thac dau khi (be Cuu Long. Nam Cdn Son) cung nhu cac dau hieu dau khi o viing ven bd bien nen be Phii Khanh dugc danh gia la be cd trien vgng dau khi. Tiem ming dau khi cd the thu hdi cua be Phii Khanh du bao khoang 370 trieu m' qu\ diiu bang 8%
ldng liem nang dau khi Viet Nam. Tu>' nhien, do lai lieu cdn rdt ban che nen du bao vl liem niing nay chi phan anh dugc mdl phan liem nang ddu khi cua be nay.
c. Be Cuu Long
Be Cuu Long nam dge iheo bd bien Ddng Nam Viet Nam vdi chilu siiu nude bien dudi 100m dugc lap day bdi tram lich Kainozoi cd chilu day thay ddi Idn lir vai tram met d dge viing ria phia Tay be va cd the dat 6000 - 7000m lai cac trung siiu phia Ddng va Tiiy Bach Hd. Cac thiinh lao chii yeu la cac tram lich luc nguyen cd ludi lir Oligocen (Eoxen?) den De lir. Dac diem kien lao ndi bat ciia be Cim Long la cdu tnic khdi dirt gdy cua mdng dii lao ra cac ddi nang va sul phan bd theo hudng Ddng Bde - Tay Nam. He thdng dirt gay hudng Ddng Biic - Tay Nam gan lien vdi qua trinh tao rift vii la ylu td chinh khdng chi ddi nang trung Uim: Rdng - Bach Hd - Rang Ddng va day lii ddi chira ddu khi chinh Irong mdng granit mil ne Iru-tVc Knncvoi cua be (Hinh 7).
Hinh 7: Phan viing kien tao be Ciiu Long {iheo VSP)
• Dd me; Kel qua phan tich dia hoa cho thay cac tap tram tich hat mjn trong Oligocen iren lii tiing sinh chinh lai be nay. Hiim lugng VCHC trung binh 0,9 - 6,1%. cd noi dai gia lri cao hon. Sl dat l.38kg/T va S2 = 12,6lkg/T, chu ylu la Kerogen loai ll, ngoiii ra cd ca loai I vii loai III nen sinh dau la chii yeu. Trong Oligocen dudi (va Eoxen) vai lieu hiru CO Cling phong phii (TOC = 0,97 - 2,5%). Kerogen loai II la chinh. rat il loai III. chu >cu chiing dugc lich luy o viing hd, ddm ldy. Phdn Idn dien lich ciia Irdm lich
3 8 Ket qua hoat dong tim kiem tham do dau khi ciia Tong cong ty Dau khi \ iet Nam: Co hoi va thach thiic
nay ndm d ddi sinh ddu RO = 0,6 (2900m) - 1,35% (4200m). Chi cd cac khoi sul Ddng va Tay cau tao Bach Hd nam trong ddi sinh khi condensat (bat dau lao khi 4400m).
Ngoai ra. cac tap set Miocen dudi (he lang Bach Hd) vdi TOC tren dudi 1% lii Uing sinh dau khi liem nang. luy nhien chiing chi mdi bude vao pha truong ihimh o nhung vimg trung sau cua be. Cac nghien cim md phdng qua trinh sinh dau khi cho thay pha di cu cua dau khi tir da me sdm nhat cd the bat dau each day khoang 22 trieu nam (vao Miocen sdm).
• Dd chira; Trong khu vuc nghien ciru da chira mdng nut ne trudc De tam la ddi tugng rat quan trgng va la da chira chii yeu d be Cuu Long. Do rdng cd the dat tdi 13% va do thdm len tdi hang nghin mD. Da cat ket Oligocen cting la ddi tugng chira quan trgng vdi do rdng thay ddi tir 2 - 22,4%), do thdm cd thi dat tdi hon 200mD. Do sir bien tudng nhanh va do rdng, do tham khdng dn djnh nen khai thac dau tii' cac than cat Oligocen thudng gap nhieu khd khan. Da cat kel Miocen ha ciing bat gap tai hau het cac md dang khai thac. Do rdng tir 19 - 25,5%o, do tham 0,1 - 150mD. Ngoai ra, cdn cd the cd da chira volcanic, tuy nhien be day, do rdng va tham rat khdng dn dinh cd riii ro rat cao.
• Dd chdn: Tang set Rotalia Miocen sdm vdi ham lugng set chiem 90 - 95% ddi chd 100%o, phd bien rdng khap trong loan be, cd chieu day dn djnh tir 180 - 200m la tang chan khu vuc rat tdt. Ngoai ra, cdn cd cac lang chan mang tinh dja phuong dd la cac tap set Oligocen dudi, Oligocen tren (tap D) va Miocen dudi.
• Cdc dgng bdy: Trong pham vi be Cim Long cac dang bay cau tao phat trien ke thira mdng, bay man chan kien tao kha phd bien trong tram tich Oligocen va Miocen dudi, ngoai ra bay hdn hgp (dja tang va man chan kien tao), bay phi cau tao (vat nhgn dja tang, doi cat ldng sdng cd) cting phat trien trong tram tich Oligocen va Miocen. Dac biet, dang bay khdi mdng nirt ne dugc phii bdi cac tram lich hat mjn ddng vai trd bet sire quan trgng.
Trii lugng va tiem nang dau khi cua be Cim Long dugc du bao khoang 820 trieu m"^
quy dau (18%o tdng tiem nang dau khi Viet Nam) chii yeu tap trung d mdng niit ne. Tru lugng dau khi da phat hien d mdng, cat ket tudi Miocen va Oligocen khoang ban 500 trieu m'^ quy dau (chiem 61% ldng tiem nang dau khi ciia be) nhu vay trii lugng cdn lai chua phat hien se vao khoang 320 trieu m^ quy dau. Hien tai, dau khi dang dugc khai thac tir 5 md Bach Hd, Rdng, Su Tir Den, Rang Ddng, Ruby va chuan bj phat trien md Su Tir Vang, Su Tir Trang. Tdng san lugng dau khi khai thac tir mdng den nay dat tren 120 trieu m"^ da va dang khang dinh mdng nirt ne cd tiem nang dau khi ldn (70%o tru lugng va tiem nang ciia be). Trong tuong lai, mdng van thuc sir la ddi lugng TKTD can dugc quan tam ban nua khdng chi d be Ciru Long ma cdn d cac be lan can. Ngoai ra, d be Ciru Long cac dang bay hdn hgp. phi cau tao trong tram tich Oligocen kha phd biin va hy vgng cd thi phat hien cac md dau khi mdi tir cac dang bay nay. Tiem nang dau khi ciia phan dat liln bl Ciru Long (trting Ciru Long) chua dugc danh gia mdt each day du do tai lieu cdn rat ban cbl, tuy nhien cd the du bao sir tdn tai cac trting Mesozoi ma tiem nang dau khi ciia nd dugc chimg minh d cac viing trung Ddng Bae Thai Lan. Bdi vay, trong thdi gian tdi can phai dau lu nghien ciru danh gia liem nang dau khi cua cac thanh tao Mesozoi d dat lien thudc khu vuc be Ciru Eons.
Tuy6n tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Co hoi mdi, thach thiic mdi" 39 d. Bi Nam Con Sffn
Be Nam Cdn Son nam d them luc dia Ddng Nam Viet Nam, dugc lap day bdi cac tram lich Kainozoi cd be day ldn cd the len tdi tren 14km d cac triing sau vdi cac thanh tao luc nguyen la ehu yeu, ddi chd chira than, d phia Ddng ciia be (triing Bae va triing Trung lam) cd phat trien cac thanh tao carbonat tudi Miocen. Be Nam Cdn Son cd cau tnic dia chat kha phirc tap; do boat ddng dut gay da tao nen cac khdi nang, sut kbac nhau. Phia Tay be tdn tai cac ban dia hao di kem cac dirt gay vdi cac cau tao phuong a kinh tuyin. Phia Bae be, ke vdi ddi nang Cdn Son la mdl don nghieng bi chia cdt bdi cac dirt gay tao thanh cac khdi nang sut, chim sau dan ve phia Ddng Nam vdi cac trdm tich bi vat mdng ddn vl phia ddi nang Cdn Son. Phan Trung tam be bao gdm hai triing phia Bde va Trung tam vdi be diiy tram lich len tdi hon 10.000m dugc phan tach bdi ddi nang Mang Cdu. Vl phia Tay Nam va Ddng cua be cdn tdn tai hai ddi nang Dira va ria Ddng (Hinh 8).
Hinh 8: Cac yeu to kien tao chinh be Nam Con Son (iheo PVEP)
• Dd sinh: Da sinh chinh d be Nam Cdn Son la tram tich hat min tudi Oligocen va Miocen sdm lang dgng trong mdi trudng luc dja, dam hd, bien ven bd cd ham lugng vat chat huu co trung binh den cao thudc kerogen loai III, it loai II cd kha nang sinh ca dau va khi. Su phan bd va qua trinh sinh dau khi ciia hai nhdm da me nay cd su khae nhau. Do cau true be Nam Cdn Son phirc tap nen quy md va chat lugng tang sinh cdn chua dugc lam rd.
• Dd chira; Da chua chu yeu d be Nam Cdn Son la cat kit cd tuoi Oligocen, Miocen va phan dudi Pliocen phan bd rdng khdp loan bl vdi do rdng. thdm tuong doi ldi. Cac tram lich carbonat ludi Miocen phat triln chii ylu d phia Ddng ciia be va la cac da
4 0 Ket qua hoat dong tim kiem tham do dau khi ciia Tong cong ty Dau khi \ iet Nam: Co hoi \ a thach thirc^
chira ldi vdi do rdng. tham rat cao. Ngoiii ra. mdng nirt ne. da phat hien o' mo Dai Himg (granit. granodiorit). cung la da chua dau cd liem nang.
• Dd chdn; Tang set ludi Pliocen sdm vdi be da\- ldi \ai chuc met. phat trien tuong ddi rdng cd kha nang la lang chan khu vuc. Cac loai set kel acgilil. da set xen bdt kel ludi Oligocen. cac thanh lao set xen ke bdt va nhimg ldp cat ket mong trong Miocen chu yeu giii vai trd chan dia phuang.
• Bdv chira; Cac bay chua d be Nam Cdn Son la nhung cau tao phat trien ke thira ciia mdng, cac ban \ dm ke dirt gay, cac vat nhgn dja lang trong Oligocen. cac am lieu san hd, cac than cat turbidile trong Miocen tren. Pliocen dudi vh cac bay thach hgc o phan dudi cua tram tich Pliocen.
Do cdu triic dia chdt phirc tap, sir bien ddi tudng va mdi Irudng tram tich manh tu- Tay sang Ddng la dilu kien dl phat triln nhieu dang ddi tugng chira dau khi kbac nhau (play 1, 2, 3a, 3b, 3d va 4) tir mdng nut ne din Miocen tren.Tat ca cac ddi tugng chira dau khi dugc phan ra d day da dugc khoan tham dd xac nhan chira dau khi.
Trii lugng va tiem nang dau khi be Nam Cdn Son dugc du bao khoang 970 trieu m"
quy ddu (21%o tdng tilm nang dau khi Viet Nam), tap trung chii yeu trong cat kel va carbonat tudi Miocen ldi 75% tru lugng va liem nang ciia be. Tru lugng da phat hien khoang 250 trieu m^ quy dau, chii yeu la khi chiem khoang 26%o tiem nang ciia be. Tiem nang du bao cd the phat hien tap trung chii yeu d cat ket Oligocen va Miocen (80%)).
Trong thdi gian trudc mat cd the quan tam den turbidile Pliocen, Miocen tren, ddi tugng Oligocen va mdng nirt ne d nhiing khu vuc cd the khoan tham dd vdi do sau cd hieu qua (3500 - 4000m). Con sd liem nang thu hdi dir bao chua phiii hien lai be nii\- viu) khoang 720 trieu m"^ quy dau.
e. Be Tw Chinh - Vung Mdy
Be Tu Chinh - Viing May nam d vimg nude sau tren them luc dia va viing dac quyen kinh te ciia Viet Nam, tiep giap vdi be Nam Cdn Son d phia Tay. 0 day mdi cd cac lai lieu dia chan khu vuc, tir, trgng luc va mdl gieng khoan tim kiem. Theo cac tai lieu dja vat ly, du bao chieu day cac tram tich Kainozoi d day cd the dat ldi 7 - 8km d cac trting sau. bao gdm cac tram lich hat vun (tir Eoxen - Oligocen) va phd bien cac thanh tao am tieu san hd phat trien gan nhu lien tuc tir Miocen den De tir tren cac dai nang cao ciia be Tu Chinh - Vung May. Be Tu Chinh - Vting May duge phat trien tren vimg cd vd luc dia bi vat mdng, be mat moho dao ddng trong khoang tir 18 - 24km cd cau triic dia chat phirc tap, bj cac he thdng dirt gay hirdng Ddng Bae - Tay Nam va a Ddng Tay phan chia thanh cac ddi nang va cac trung xen kep nhau: ddi nang ria phia Tay, triing Vting May va ddi nang Viing May - Da Eat (Hinh 9).
• Dd sinh: Kit qua giing khoan PV-94-2X cho thay tram lich Miocen giua thudc loai rdt ngheo. cdn set kit va bdt kit tudi Oligocen thudc loai ngheo den trung binh.
kerogen loai III. Tuy nhien, day mdi la kit qua ciia 1 gieng khoan tren ddi nang cao Tu Chinh cd Irdm tich mdng, nen viec danh gia tiem nang sinh cua ca viing lii rdt khd khan.
TuyC'n tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Ddu khi Viet Nam: Co hoi mdi, thach thiic mdi"
• Dd chira: Ddi sanh dia chat \6\ be Nam Cdn Son va kel qua phiin licit ihach hgc tram lich giing khoan PV-94-2X cho phep du bao cac loai da chira o dii> gdm ciu kin Oligocen. Miocen. carbonat Vliocen vii da mdng nut ne trudc De lam.
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Hinh 9: He thong diit giiy chinh va ciic doi cau triic be Tu' Chinh - Viing May (theo PVEP)
• Dd chdn; Cac lap set xen ke Irong tram tich Oligocen va Miocen giir vai trd chan dia phuong.
• Bdy chira; i'rong pham vi be Tu Chinh - Vting May da phat hien mdl sd ciiu lao cd trien vgng chii yeu la cac dang bay khdi diit gay, khdi xay carbonat vii ihacli hgc dia tang.
Tuong lu nhu be trung Phu Khanh, d day du bao tdn tai day dii cac ddi tugng: mdng.
cat ket lir Oligocen tdi Miocen va da carbonat Miocen. Mac dii, tang sinh o da\- chua dugc xac djnh nhung vdi cac dac diem tirong lu vdi cac be lan can, dac bicl lii cd triim lich Kainozoi day, nam ke vdi be Nam Cdn Son noi da cd cac phat hien vii dang khai thac &dv\
khi nen be Tu Chinh - Vung May dugc danh gia la cd trien vgng dau khi. i dng liem nang du bao ciia be khoang 950 trieu m"' quy dau chiem khoang 21%) tdng liem nang diiu khi Viet Nam, lap trung chii yeu trong ddi tirgng cat ket Oligocen (32%)). cat kel Miocen (28%) va da vdi Miocen (26%)). Do lai lieu cdn rat ban che nen day se lii mdl Irong nhirng be can dugc quan tam day manh cdng tac TKTD de lam sang to tiem nang dim kiii Irong thdi gian tdi.
4 2 Ket qua hoat dong tim kidm tham do dau khi ciia Tong cong ty D3u khi \ iet Nam: Co' hoi va thach thiic
/. Be Malay - Thd Chu
Be Malay - Thd Chu nam d vinh Thai Lan. tram tich Kainozoi gdm cac thanh lao luc nguyen ddi chd chira than trong Miocen vdi be day dat 8 - 9km d trung sau. Be Malay - Thd Chu dugc hinh thanh va bj khdng che bdi he thdng dirt gay chinh Bae Tay Bae - Nam Ddng Nam d phia Bae va Tay Bae - Ddng Nam d phia Nam nen cau triic dia chat kha phii'c tap vdi cac ddi nang. ddi sut, cac trung dia phuang (them Khome, trung Pattani.
nang Kokra, trting Polowai, trung Malay), cd dac diem cau true khae nhau giua Bae va Nam. Phan phia Ddng Bae ciia be Malay - Thd Chu thudc them luc dia Viet Nam chu yeu la don nghieng va nang dan ve phia Ddng, Ddng Bae. Theo phuong nay, be day tram lich Kainozoi giam dan tir 4000 - 5000m den vai tram met phu len sudn Tay ddi nang Khorat - Natuna. Phan Tay ciia don nghieng bl phirc tap bdi cac khdi nang va khdi sut dja phuong cd phuong true chung la Tay Bae - Ddng Nam dugc ngan each phan djnh bdi he thdng dirt gay sau ciing phuang lai hoat ddng nhieu lan. Dua vao dac diem cau triic phan don nghieng Ddng Bae be Malay - Thd Chu thudc them luc dja Viet Nam cd the chia thanh cac don vi cau triic nhu trong Hinh 10.
< 1 GIAY 1 - 2 G I A Y
2 - 3 G I A Y 3 - A G I A Y
Hinh 10: Phan vung kien tao bl Malay - Th6 Chu {theo VPI) He thdng dau khi ciia be:
• Dd me: Ket qua phan tich dja hoa cho thay cd hai tang da me. Tang thir nhdt la cac tap set dam hd Oligocen day, cd ham lugng vat chat hiru co cao, kerogen loai I va Ii thuan lgi cho sinh dau; da trai qua hau het cac pha tao san pham (sinh dau tii' cudi Miocen giua va khi lir cudi Miocen), qua-lrinh di cu dau khi bat dau each day khoang 26 trieu nam. Day la lang sinh dau chii yeu d phia Nam, luy nhien d Trung tam va phia Bae ciia be tang da me nay bi chdn viii sau nen da chii yeu sinh khi condensat va khi
Tuygn tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Co hoi mdi, thach thiic mdi" 43
khd. Da me Miocen dudi la cac tap set, set than chira VCHC loai II va IIL sinh dau va khi. Phan dudi ciia da me Miocen dudi chdn viii sau d vimg triing Pattani va phia Bae triing Malay trong dieu kien dia nhiet thuan lgi, da trudng thanh va phan ldn dang trong pha lao dau. Tram lich ludi Miocen dudi, Oligocen tai cac gieng khoan tham dd d them luc dia Tay Nam Viet Nam hau nhu chua trudng thanh.
• Da chira: Cat ket Miocen giiia, dudi va Oligocen la ddi tugng chiia chu yeu d be Malay - Thd Chu va cd chat lugng kha tdt, tuy nhien d cac khu vuc kbac nhau chat lugng va vai trd cua cac tang chira cd khae nhau. Ci phia Nam be Malay, cat kel trong tap J (Miocen dudi) la ddi lugng chu yeu, tap I (Miocen) va cac lap K, L (Oligocen) la ddi tugng thir yeu. Cac trting ven ria va ria Ddng Bae thudc them luc dia Viet Nam cac tap chira nay (I, J, K va E) ddng vai trd quan trgng.
• Dd chdn: Cac thanh tao hat min tudi Oligocen va cac tap set day Miocen tren cd kha nang la man chan khu vuc, tuy nhien tap set Oligocen (tap K) cd xu thi dac diem mdi trudng luc dia rd hon ve phia Bde. Cac tap set, set bdt trong Miocen dugc thanh lao trong mdi trudng dam lay, ddng bang ngap lut va bien ven bd cd kha nang la cac man chan dia phuong cho cac bay dau khi.
• Cdc dgng bdy; Trong viing nghien ciru da phat hien nhilu loai bay chira cdu tao, phi cau tao va bay hdn hgp. Cac cau tao vdm thudng thira kl dia liiy mdng, dja hinh cd nhd cao bi chdn viii. Cau tao hinh hoa phat trien d triing Trung tam viing, cac cdu tao Idi ke dirt gay phat trien d ca hai canh nang va canh sut dirt gay. Cac bdy hdn hgp cdu tao - dja tang giii vai trd het sire quan trgng.
Tru' lugng va tiem nang dau khi be Malay - Thd Chu (phdn thudc Viet Nam) du bao khoang 370 trieu m^ quy dau (khoang 8% tdng tilm nang ddu khi Viet Nam), tap trung chii yeu d cac ddi tugng cat ket Miocen (89%). Trii lugng ddu khi da phat hien khoang 210 trieu m-' quy dau. Tiem nang dau khi ciia da cat kit tudi Oligocen chiim khoang 21 %, tuy nhien chua phat hien ddu khi trong ddi tugng nay tai viing thim thudc Viet Nam. Cac md da phat hien chii yeu la cac md cd nhieu tap chua vdi ham lugng CO2 thay ddi trong pham vi ldn tir vai %o den vai chuc Vo. Trong vimg lanh hai Viet Nam - Campuchia va cac Id 41 - 43 cd the tdn tai be tram tich Mesozoi (vimg Thd Chu - Phii Qudc), tuy nhien, viec nghien ciru va cac tai lieu cdn it nen viec danh gia tiem nang ddu khi tai bl nay chua dugc tiln hanh va can dugc quan tam dau tu hon trong thai gian tdi. Con so tilm nang thu hdi du bao chua phat hien tai be nay khoang 160 trieu m-^ quy ddu.
g. Nhdm be Trwffng Sa vd Hodng Sa
Cac be tram tich nude sau d khu vuc hai quan dao Trudng Sa va Hoang Sa cua Viet Nam cdn it dugc nghien ciru, mdi chi cd mgt so tuyen khao sat khu vuc va cac khao sat dia chat thuc dja d khu virc quan dao Trudng Sa. Theo cac tai lieu dia vat ly, dja chat khu vuc cho phep du bao cac nhdm be nude sau nay cd the cd chilu day tr4m tich Kainozoi dat tdi 5 - 7km d cac trting sau. Cac thanh tao trong Paleogen (Eoxen - Oligocen) chu yeu la tram tich hat vun. Tir Miocen din De tii phd biin cac thanh tao am tieu san hd phat trien gan nhu lien tuc, d cac dai nang cao nay la cac dao ndi va cac bai da ngam cua hai quan dao Trudng Sa va Hoang Sa. 0 viing thim va sudn biin phat trien chii yeu cac thanh tao cat, set cd thi xen it tr^m tich carbonat. V l cku triic va cac
4 4 Ket qua hoat dong tim kiem tham do dau khi ciia Tong cong ty Dau khi \ iet Nam: Co hoi \ ii t h a c h j i u j ^
dieu kien sinh. chira. chan. v.v... ciia be Hoang Sa vii nhdm be Trirdng Sa chua dugc nghien ciru nen chua danh gia dugc tiem nang dau khi ciia cac be triim tich nil). Tuy nhien. cac be tram lich nude sau nay tdn tai cac tram tich Kainozoi kha diiy nen cac nha dia chat trong va ngoai nude du bao cac be tram tich thudc khu vuc hai quan dao Hoang Sa \ii Trudng Sa cd trien vgng dau khi can dugc tien himh dieu tra co' ban de nghien ciru dac diem cau true dia chat va danh gia tiem nang diiu khi linn co sd hoach dinh chinh sach dau tu TKTD d khu vuc hai quan dao na\ trong thdi gian tdi.
2. Tinh trang tru luong va tiem nang dau khi eae be tram tich De tam Viet Nam tinh den ngay 31-12-2004
iren co so ket qua de an danh gia tdng the tiem nang dau khi Viet Nam - VITRA-IL vdi cac thdng lin phat hien dau khi dugc cap nhat den het ngii}' 31-12-2004. du bao ldng tru lugng va liem nang dau khi Viet Nam khoang 4600 trieu m' quy dau. trong dd tiem niing vii ini lugng khi thien nhien Idn hon dau chiem 55 - 60%o. So vdi cac nude trong khu vuc Ddng Nam A, liem nang dau khi ciia Viet Nam dugc xep d mirc trung binh (sau Inddnexia vii Malaixia).
Tren phan dien lich them luc dja cd chieu sau nude bien den 200m, da phat hien tren 70 ciiu tao cd chira dau khi vdi tru' lugng khoang 1210 trieu m^ quy dau (trong dd khi chiem 650 ty m' ke ca 250 ly m"^ d Be Sdng LIdng cd ham lugng khi CO2 cao 60 - 90%) va 45 trieu m^ dau lai cac cau tao nhd, chua the dua vao khai thac trong dieu kien kinh te - cdng nghe hien nay), chiem xap xi 26%o tdng tai nguyen dau khi Viet Nam.
Tinh rieng cho giai doan 2001 - 2004 vira qua da cd them 10 phat hjen dau khi mdi, gia lang trir lugng khoang 165 trieu m^ quy dau. Ngoai ra, PetroVietnam da bude dau cd Irir lugng diiu o nude ngoai. Cac kel qua nay dat co sd quan trgng cho viec hoan thanh cac muc lieu gia lang trir lugng dat ra cho giai doan 2001 - 2005. Trong sd cac phat hien dau khi, tiep Iheo mo Tien Hai C va md Bach Hd, tii' nam 1994 den nay da dua vao khai thac them cac mo Rdng, Dai Himg, Hdng Ngge. Rang Ddng, Su Tu Den, Ean Tay, Lan Dd, Bunga Kekwa - Cai Nude, Bunga Raya va Bunga Seroja. Tdng san lugng khai thac den hel ngii} 31-12-2004 dat khoang 214 trieu m^ quy dau, trong dd 195 trieu m'^ dau thd vii 19 ly m' khi. Trong luong lai gan cac md Su Tir Vang, Hai Thach, Rdng Ddi, Rdng Ddi Tay, Kim Eong. Ca Voi. Ac Quy, Su Tir Trang cting se dugc tham lugng va phat trien de dua
\ao kliai thac.
Tdng liem nang dau khi cd kha nang thu hdi chua phat hien cdn lai ciia cac be tram lich De lam Viet Nam dugc du bao khoang 3300 trieu m^ quy dau, tap trung chii yeu o
\ img nude siiu. xa bd (Be Phii Khanh, Be Tu Chinh - Viing May) chua ke liem nang dau khi cua cac be Hoang Sa va Trudng Sa. Nhu vay, tiem nang dau khi cdn lai ciia cac be laim tich cua Viet Nam rat dang ke va la co hdi lot cho cdng tac TKTD. Mac dii. du bao
\e trir lugng xii liem nang dau khi cdn chira nhieu yeu Id gia dinh va riii ro do mirc do TKTD lai cac be riii khae nhau, dac biel lai ciic \iing il tai lieu, chua cd khoan tham dd nhu Phil Khanh. Tu Chinh - Vung May song da>- la cac co sd quan trgng dinh hudng cho
Tuyin tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Co hoi mdi, thach thiic mdi" 45 chiln luge phat triln ciia Nganh Dau khi den 2015 va 2025 nham quan ly va khai thac mdl each hieu qua ngudn tai nguyen dau khi phuc vu phat trien nen kinh te qudc dan.
Sau 30 nam boat ddng, vdi cac thanh tuu quan trgng da dat dugc ndi tren, boat ddng TKTD ddu khi ciia PetroVietnam dang dimg trudc nhting ca hdi vii ihach thirc mdi.
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S6ng hong Phu Khanh Cu'u long Nam Con Tu' Chinh- Malay-Tho Son Vung May ChuHinh 11: Trir lu'ong va tiem nang dau khi tai cac be tram tich De tam Viet Nam {10131-12-2004)
Cdng tac TKTD ludn dugc Dang va Nha nude quan tam, dau tu va dugc coi la mdt trong cac boat ddng quan trgng nhat ciia PetroVietnam. Nen cdng nghiep dau khi da hinh thanh va phat trien nhanh vdi sir tham gia ciia cac cdng ty dau khi qudc te. Tinh qudc te cao la thach thirc song cting la co hdi de PetroVietnam hdi nhap qudc te, tiep can vdi cac tien bd KHCN ciing nhu keu ggi dau tu nude ngoai. Trir lugng dau khi da phat hien tai Viet Nam dam bao su phat trien ben vtrng ciia Nganh trong thdi gian dai (tdi thieu tdi 2012); ddng thdi, tiem nang dau khi chua phat hien cdn lai dii ldn giiip cho viec duy tri cac boat ddng dau khi trong tuong lai. Cho tdi nay, PetroVietnam da cd ddi ngu can bd ddng dao, dugc ren luyen qua thyc te san xuat va mdi trudng hgp tac qudc te, da bude dau tu dieu hanh cac de an TKTD va tao dugc chd dirng d trong va ngoai nude; Sir phat trien kinh te nhanh chdng ciia cac nude da day gia dau len cao va day ciing la co hdi tdt cho trien khai cac du an TKTD.
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• Song H6ng nCifulong
• Malay-Thb Chu
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• Phu Khanh D Nam Con San BTU" Chinh - Vung May
Hinh 12: Tiem nang thu hoi du bao chua phat hien o cac be tram tich De tam Viet Nam
4 6 Ket qua hoat dong tim kiem tham do dau khi ciia Tong cong ty Dau khi Viet Nam: Co' hoi va thach jjiux^
Tuy nhien, ben canh cac thanh tuu va co hdi ndi tren. trong thdi gian tdi hoat ddng TKTD ddu khi ciia PetroVietnam cdn phai ddi mat vdi khdng il khd khan va thach thirc.
Tren binh dien chung, khd khan ciia lat ca cac nude hien nay la nhu cau nang lugng lang rat cao; ngudn tai nguyen dau khi ngay cang can kiet; kha nang gia tang trii' lugng va phat hien cac md dau khi ldn ngay mdt khd khan; dieu kien TKTD (nude sau, xa bd, v.v...) ngay mdt phirc tap, khdc nghiet, ddi hdi cdng nghe va chi phi rat cao; cac nude thdng qua cac cdng ty ddu khi qudc gia day manh thu hut dau tu nude ngoai va lu dau tu cho TKTD. Dong thdi. cac nude diu cd nhu cau dau tu ra nude ngoai de bii dap thieu hut nang lugng d trong nude; su canh tranh qudc te trong ITnh vuc dau khi ngay cang quyet liet do sir sap nhap cac cdng ty ddu da qudc gia va sir tang trud'ng kinh te rat nhanh ciia mdl sd nude nhu Trung Qudc va An Do dan den cac qudc gia nay cd nhiing thay ddi ve chinh sach va cd nhiing ddu tu khdng Id cho cac du an nang lugng gay rat nhieu khd khan cho cac cdng ty cd tiem nang ky thuat va tai chinh han che. Ddng ddla yeu, gia dau tang cao la CO hdi cho cac cdng ty dau song cting la thach thirc ldn do canh tranh gay gat hon va do gia vat tu, thiet bi, dich vu tang cao.
C> trong nude, tiem nang dau khi ciia ta la cd ban, khdng phai la ldn so vdi cac nude trong khu vuc va khdng the tai tao. Cae be tram tich cd tiem nang dau khi cao da dugc tham dd, kha nang tim ra cac md dau khi mdi vdi trir lugng dang ke la thap, do vay, tai cac khu vuc nay chii yeu se phat hien cac md dau khi cd trir lugng nhd va phan tan dieu kien khai thac khd khan hon.
Tiem nang dau khi chua phat hien cdn lai dugc danh gia dii ldn chii yeu tap trung d viing nude sau, xa bd (be Phii Khanh va Tu Chinh - Vting May, nhdm be Hoang Sa va Trudng Sa) hoae cac be trudc Kainozoi, v.v... song chua dugc dau tu nghien ciru dieu tra CO ban thoa dang de khang dinh tiem nang dau khi.
Ngudn trtr lugng thu hdi tai cac md va phat hien chi dam bao duy tri khai thac dau thd dn dinh d mirc 1 7 - 1 9 trieu tan/nam cho tdi nam 2012, sau dd neu khdng cd bd sung ngudn tru lugng mdi san lugng khai thac dau thd se sut giam nhanh chdng anh hudng tdi su phat trien ben vung ciia Tdng cdng ty Dau khi Viet Nam ndi rieng va nen kinh te qudc dan ndi chung. Trong khi dd, trtr lugng khi da phat hien dii ldn cho phep gia tang dang ke san lugng khai thac song viec gia tang san lugng khi cdn phu thudc vao kha nang phat trien thi trudng do thi trudng khi d nude ta cdn nhd, phat trien cham, chua tuong ximg vdi tiem nang khi thien nhien ciia Viet Nam.
Kha nang thu hiit dau tu nude ngoai vao Viet Nam cd nhieu khd khan do tiem nang dau khi ciia ta cd han, nhieu nude md cac dien tich cho tham dd khai thac, kem theo cac dieu kien uu dai hap dan cho dau tu nude ngoai canh tranh het sire gay gat vdi ta.
Gia thanh TKTD de phat hien mdt dan vj trii lugng dau khi se tang dang ke do dieu kien dja chat - dja ly se phirc tap va khd khan ddi hdi chi phi ldn.
Viec dau tu ra nude ngoai nham bd sung trtr lugng de duy tri san lugng dau khi va sir phat trien ben vting ciia PetroVietnam sau nam 2012 la het sire can thiet. Tuy nhien, nhu da ndi d tren, canh tranh qudc te rat quyet liet va rat khd khan ddi vdi nhtrng cdng ty diiu cd tiem nang ky thuat va tai chinh ban che, kinh nghiem boat ddng qudc le it. cac co chi va hanh lang phap ly cho cac boat ddng dau khi d nude ngoai thieu, chua hoan chinh nhu chiing la.
Tuy^n tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Co hoi mdi, thach thiic mdi" 47
Mac dii cd nhieu khd khan va thach thirc nhu vay, song, cac co' hdi \ an la co ban.
Vdi ddi ngii can bd, kinh nghiem va cac thanh tim da dat dugc ciia 30 nam boat ddng.
chung ta vting tin vao sir phat trien ben viing cua Tdng cdng ty Dau khi Viet Nam de cd nhiing ddng gdp nhieu ban cho su nghiep cdng nghiep boa, hien dai hoa dat nude.
MUC TIEU VA PHU^ONG HU^ONG CHO CONG TAC TKTD TIEP THEO 1. Muc tieu TKTD chung
• Gia tang trii' lugng hang nam trung binh (d ca trong va ngoai nude) khoang 3 5 - 4 0 trieu m"' (tuong duong 30 - 35 trieu tan) quy ddu dl dat san lugng khai thac d muc khoang 27 - 30 trieu tan quy dau/nam vao nam 2010 va duy tri dn dinh lau dai san lugng nay nham dam bao sir phat trien ben viing va lau dai ciia PetroVietnam. gdp phan dam bao an ninh nang lugng qudc gia.
• Tiep tuc va day manh cdng tac dieu tra co ban ddi vdi cac be tram tich cdn il dugc nghien cim d them luc dia va viing dac quyen kinh te cua Viet Nam; tao ca sd tai lieu de Nha nude hoach dinh chinh sach phat trien kinh te bien.
De dat muc tieu nay can trien khai theo ca hai hudng: day manh cdng tac TKTD d trong nude bang tang cudng keu ggi, thu htit dau tu nude ngoai va tu ddu tu; ddng thdi lang cudng dau tu TKTD va mua lai san d nude ngoai de bii dap trtr lugng thieu hut da khai thac d trong nude, trong dd keu ggi dau tu nude ngoai vao cac Id cdn md lai Viet Nam vii mua tai san d nude ngoai can dugc uu tien hang dau.
1. Mltc tieu giai dogn 2005 - 2010;
• Ci trong nude, day manh dau tu hon nii-a cho TKTD dau khi nhdm xac dinh tilm nang va gia lang tru lugng dau khi lam co sd cho viec hoach djnh ke hoach phat trien kinh te ndi chung va Nganh Dau khi ndi rieng. Cdng tac TKTD tap trung chii yeu tai them luc dja cd do sau nude bien den 200m, d mdt sd vimg den do sau 400m nude.
De duy tri san lugng khai thac dn dinh va lien tuc trong giai doan sau 2010 tdng trii' lugng gia tang d trong nude giai doan 2005 - 2010 can phan dau dat khoang 180 - 210 trieu m"* (150 - 180 trieu tan) quy dau.
• De dam bao duy tri san lugng dau ciia PetroVietnam dn djnh lau dai can day manh cdng tac dau tu TKTD va khai thac ra nude ngoai, trong dd uu tien cac du an mua tai san de bd sung trir lugng thu hdi tai nude ngoai khoang 40 - 50 trieu m3 (35 - 40 trieu tan) dau quy ddi cho giai doan 2005 - 2010 va cd san lugng khai thac dau tir nude ngoai vao cudi 2006, dau 2007 va dat 1,5 trieu tan (1,75 trieu m3) vao nam 2010.
2. Mltc tieu giai dogn 2010 - 2015:
• 0 trong nude, ngoai cac khu vuc nude ndng ve co ban da dugc TKTD, trong giai doan nay, cdng tac TKTD se chii yeu tap trung vao cac viing them luc dia cd do sau nude bien dudi 500m va mdt sd vimg cd do sau tdi 1000m. Do vay, giai doan nay ddi hdi dau tu rat ldn cho TKTD mdi cd the dat dugc muc tieu gia tang trtr lugng, din 2015, d trong nude phan ddu gia tang trii lugng khoang 140 - 180 trieu m^ (120 -
150 trieu tan) quy dau.
4 8 Ket qua hoat dong tim kiem tham do dgu khi ciia T6ng cong ty Diiu khi \ iet Nam: Co' hoi va thach thiic
• 0 nude ngoai. tich cue day manh dau tu TKTD va mua tai san nham gia tang trii lugng khoang 47 - 50 trieu m^ (40 - 45 trieu tdn) quy ddu de cd the gia tang san lugng khai thac dau tir nude ngoai sau nam 2010.
3. Phuang hu&ng nhietn vu TKTD ddu khi giai dogn 2005 - 2010;
De thuc hien dugc cac muc tieu ndi tren. phuang hudng nhiem vu TKTD trong giai doan 2005-2010 1a:
• Chii ddng day manh cdng tac nghien cim khao sat dia chan vdi muc tieu dieu tra co ban, coi day la co sd dam bao cho cdng tac TKTD gia tang trir lugng va san lugng khai thac mdt each ben vimg. Trong giai doan 2005 - 2010 can lap trung vao cac be tram tich nude sau nhu: Tu Chinh - Vting May, Ddng Phu Khanh, Tay Hoang Sa, TrucTng Sa, v.v... va nhiing viing, ddi tugng cdn it dugc nghien cim nhu be Sdng Hdng, cac viing nude ndng ven bd, VTnh Chau - Thanh Phu, v.v..., cac be tram tich trirdc Kainozoi, nham danh gia dugc tiem nang dau khi ciia cac khu vuc nay lam cd co sd hoach dinh phuang hudng TKTD, xac djnh va md rdng ddi tirgng tham dd mdi cho giai doan sau nam 2010.
• Cdng tac TKTD dau khi can tap trung vao cac khu vuc/ld sau day:
• Khdi phuc va day manh TKTD d be Sdng Hdng, mien vdng Ha Ndi nham phat hien 40 - 50 ty m^ khi lam co sd cho viec xay dung khu cdng nghiep sir dung khi d phia Bae sau nam 2010 (?); be Phii Khanh nham lam rd tiem nang dau khi, phat hien khoang 30 - 40 trieu m^ quy dau;
• Tap trung TKTD d cac Id/khu vuc mdi nhu 25-31 (be Cim Long); 19, 20, 21, 05-2, 06/^94 (bl Nam Cdn Son); 135, 136 (bl Tu Chinh - Vung May); 36-40 (bl Malay - Thd Chu); 41-44 (bl Phu Qudc);
• Day manh hoat ddng TKTD va tham lugng d cac Id da cd hgp ddng dau khi, tai md dang khai thac va ap dung cac bien phap cdng nghe nang cao he sd thu hdi dau nham tang tru lugng khai thac.
• Tiep tuc tang cudng quang ba, thu hut dau tu nude ngoai vao TKTD dau khi dudi cac hinh thirc hgp tac linh boat, tiep tuc hoan thien cac chinh sach, dieu kien khuyen khich dau tu nude ngoai, phan dau ky 6 - 12 hgp ddng dau khi mdi trong giai doan 2005 - 2010, dac biet uu tien cac Id cdn md tai cac be Sdng Hdng, Phu Khanh, Tu Chinh - Vting May, Nam Cdn San, cac viing nude sau xa bd nham sdm xac dinh dugc tru lugng dau khi d cac khu vuc nay.
• Chii ddng day manh cdng tac tu dau tu va dieu hanh cdng tac TKTD d trong nude tai cac vimg cdn md cd trien vgng va tai cac khu vuc da cd phat hien dau khi song chua dugc khang djnh tinh thuang mai de tao bude dot pha. nang cao tinh hap dan ddi vdi nha dau tu nude ngoai cting nhu nham gia tang trtr lugng dau khi.
• Tiep tuc day manh dau tu TKTD ra nude ngoai, ddng thdi theo ca 2 hudng: trien khai cd hieu qua cac du an hien cd va tiep tuc tim kiem co hdi ky them 5 - 6 hgp ddng mdi tai cac khu vuc trgng diem cd tinh hap dan cao ve dau khi (Trung Ddng, Bae Phi, Nga, SNG, Ddng Nam A, v.v...), trong dd uu lien mua 1 - 2 tai san de giam ihicu riii ro va nang cao hieu qua dau lu.
Tuyen tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Co hoi moi, thach thiic mdi" 4 9
• Tang cudng dau lu nang cao nang luc va chat lugng cdng tac nghien ciru khoa hgc - cdng nghe dam bao khoa hgc di trudc mdt bude va dinh hudng cho cdng tac TKTD.
Uu tien danh gia lai tiem nang dau khi cua tirng be tram tich de cd cac quan diem TKTD mdi: trien khai img dung cac giai phap, cdng nghe mdi nhdm nang cao he sd thu hdi dau. phat trien va khai thac cac md tdi ban, cac md khi cd hiim lugng CO^ cao (hien tai khdng thuong mai). Trien khai chuong trinh nghien ciru ldng the vl mdng de nhanh chdng liim chu cdng nghe TKTD va khai thac ddu trong mdng granit niit ne.
KET LUAN VA KIEN NGHI
Ciing vdi qua trinh xay dung vii phat triln ciia PetroVietnam trong 30 nam qua, boat ddng i'KTD dau khi da cd nhung bude phat trien vugt bae, dci dat dugc nhung thanh tuu rat quan trgng va dang diing trudc nhirng co hdi va thach thuc mdi.
• Da thu bin dugc nhieu cdng ty ddu khi hang ddu ihl gidi vdi sd vdn ddu tu cho TKTD dat gan 5 ty USD. Nhieu ky thuat va cdng nghe mdi tien tiln dugc ap dung da dem lai thanh qua to ldn. Dac biet, viec phat hien ddu trong mdng nirt ne trirdc De tam tai md Bach Hd da md ra quan diem mdi trong TKTD va dem lai thanh cdng trong viec phat hien nhieu md ddu mdi. Cho tdi nay, da cd tren 70 md/phat hien ddu khi.
trong dd cd 6 md diiu, 2 md dau khi va 2 md khi dang khai thac, nhilu phat hien dang dugc tham lugng de phat trien trong vai nam tdi.
Tuy nhien, mirc do thiim dd khdng ddng deu, mdi chi tap trung chii ylu d viing nude ndng den 200m vdi ldng dien tich cac Id da ky hgp dong mdi cbilm khoang 1/3 dien tich them luc dia. Do TKTD ddi hdi vdn rat ldn, riii ro cao, vi vay, trong thdi gian tdi ciing vdi viec phat huy ndi lire lu dau tu van phai tiep tuc hgp tac qudc tl va thu hiit ddu tu nude ngoai de day manh cdng tac tham dd nham cd phat hien ddu khi mdi, gia tang trtr lugng lam CO sd cho viec quy hoach khai thac dau khi hgp ly va hieu qua.
• Su tham gia gdp vdn, vai trd dieu himh ciia PetroVietnam giii mdt vi tri dang kl va ngay mdt tang trong cac hgp ddng ddu khi d trong nude. PetroVietnam da tu ddu lu vii dieu hanh cac de an TKTD d trong nude va trien khai ddu tu TKTD ra nude ngoai - xay dung dugc chd dirng ban dau d Ddng Nam A, Trung Ddng, Bde Phi; da bude ddu cd trir lugng dau d nude ngoai, timg bude trd thanh Tap doan ddu khi cd hoat ddng d ca trong va ngoai nude. Tuy nhien, mirc do dau tu cdn rdt nhd be; thilu von, ca cbl va hanh lang phap ly.
• Da xac djnh va lam sang td nhtrng net cau true dja chdt va he thong ddu khi co ban ciia cac be Inim lich De lam d them luc dia va ddt liln ciia Viet Nam.
Tdng tru lugng va tiem nang dau khi dugc du bao la dang kl khoang 4600 trieu m'^
quy dau (khi chiem tdi 55 - 60%o), mac dii cdn nhilu ylu td gia dinh song la co sd quan trgng cho hoach dinh Chien luge phat triln bin vtrng ciia Ngiinh Ddu khi din nam 2015, 2025 nham phuc vu hieu qua muc tieu phat triln nin kinh tl qudc dan.
Trii lugng da phat hien khoang 1210 trieu m^ quy ddu (chiim 26%)) bao gdm ca cac trir lugng da khai thac. 250 ly m"^ khi cd ham lugng CO2 cao va cac md nhd khdng thuong mai trong dieu kien kinh le - ky thuat hien tai, chi cho phep dat va duy tri san Iugng khai Ihiic a mirc 27 - 30 trieu tdn quy ddu tdi 2012 nlu khdng cd bd sung trtr lugng mdi se sut giam nhanh. Trir mdl sd md cd qu> md Idn - khdng Id, da sd cac phat hien^cd quy md
5 0 Ket qua hoat dong tim kiem tham do dau khi ctia Tong cong ty Dau khi Viet Nam: Co' hoi va thach thiic
trung binh, nhd cd nhieu tang chira vdi cau true dia chat rat phuc tap nen sd md cd gia lri thuang mai khdng nhieu. Vi vay, viec dau tu nghien ciru cac giai phap cdng nghe khai thac md bien, md khi cd ham lugng CO2 cao la ddi hdi thuc te rat cap bach. Mat kbac. can ap dung cac giai phap cdng nghe mdi de tang kha nang thu hdi dau lai cac md dang khai thac. Dieu nay cd y nghia kinh te rat ldn trong tuong lai khi ma viec phat hien cac md nho d them luc dia va viing dac quyen kinh te Viet Nam trd nen phd bien.
Trir lugng va tiem nang dau khi chua phat hien cdn lai dii Idn song dugc du bao tap trung chii yeu d viing nude sau xa bd, vimg cd cau true dja chat phirc tap, riii ro cao va chi phi TKTD rdt ldn. Can chii ddng tu ddu tu va tang cudng thu hut dau tu nude ngoai de day manh TKTD gia tang trii lugng tai cac khu vuc tiem nang nay.
Tuy nhien, dau khi la ngudn tai nguyen hiru ban. khdng tai tao, ngay mdt can kiet nen canh tranh trong dau tu TDKT dau khi tren the gidi rat khdc liet. Tru lugng va tiem nang dau khi d trong nude ciia ta so vdi khu vuc la khdng ldn, do vay dau tu TKTD ra nude ngoai de bd sung trtr lugng dau khi cho dat nude la nhu cau cap bach va can di trudc mdt bude.
De dat dugc muc tieu TKTD chung la dam bao gia tang trtr lugng trung binh hang nam khoang 3 5 - 4 0 trieu m'^ quy dau tir cac ngudn tai nguyen d trong va ngoai nude nham duy tri dn dinh lau dai san lugng khai thac khoang 27 - 30 trieu tan quy dau/nam, dam bao sir phat trien ben vtrng va lau dai ciia Tdng cdng ty Dau khi Viet Nam, gdp phan dam bao an ninh nang lugng qudc gia, can trien khai ddng thdi ca hai hudng: day manh cdng tac TKTD d trong nude bang tang cudng keu ggi, thu hut dau tu nude ngoai va lu dau tu;
ddng thdi tang cudng dau tu TKTD va mua tai san d nude ngoai, trong dd keu ggi dau tu nude ngoai vao cac Id cdn md tai Viet Nam va mua tai san d nude ngoai can dugc uu tien hang dau.
De thuc hien dugc cac muc tieu TKTD, hien thuc hoa dugc cac co hdi, vugt qua cac thach thirc ndi d tren, chiing tdi xin kien nghi PetroVietnam va cac co quan cd tham quyen cac van de sau:
- Cho phep PetroVietnam tiep tuc nghien ciru va de xuat cac chinh sach, dieu kien khuyen khich dau tu nude ngoai vao TKTD d cac vimg nude sau, xa bd, md tdi ban de Chinh phii ban hanh nham thu hut vdn, cdng nghe, ky nang quan ly ciia cac cdng ty dau khi qudc te va chia se rui ro trong TKTD.
- De nghi Chinh phii chi dao cac Bd, Nganh lien quan xay dung quy hoach tdng the phat trien thi trudng khi de tao dieu kien cho TKTD phat trien.
- Tao vdn, co che va hanh lang phap ly (phe duyet Chien luge dau tu ra nude ngoai, lap quy TKTD, ban hanh Quy che dau tu TDKT dau khi d nude ngoai. v.v...) cho cdng tac tu dau tu va dieu hanh TKTD de Tdng cdng ty Dau khi Viet Nam cd the timg bude trd thanh tap doan dau khi cd boat ddng d ca trong va ngoiii nude.
- Hoan thien td chuc, co che tai chinh, nang cao nang lire va hieu qua cdng tac quan ly va dieu hanh cac boat ddng tham dd - khai thac dau khi tir Tdng cdng ty den cac don vi CO sd theo hudng tang quyen tu chii va tinh chii ddng.
- Cd chinh sach phat trien ngudn nhan luc (dao tao, sir dung va tra luong) cho cdng tac TKTD dau khi ciia Tdng cdng ty va cac don vi nhu VPI, PIDC, PVEP va VSP dii nang lire nghien ciru va boat ddng TKTD dau khi trong nude va qudc te.
Tuyin tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Co hoi mdi, thach thiic mdi" 51
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Nguyen Van Dac, 2000. Tiem ndng ddu khi cdc be trdm tich Kainozoi Viet Nam.
Tuyin tap Hdi nghi KHCN 2000 ''Ngdnh Ddu khi tru&c thim the ky 21", NXB Thanh nien. Ha Ndi.
2. Nguyen Giao, 2000. Mot so thdnh tiru cua XNLD Vietsovpetro trong giai dogn 1981 - 2000 vd phirang hu&ng hogt dong trong th&i gian t&i. Tuyin tap Hdi nghj KHCN 2000
"Ngdnh Ddu khi tru&c thim thi ky 21", NXB Thanh nien. Ha Ndi.
3. Vu Van Kinh, Nguyen Van Ddc, va n.n.k., 2002. Tdng ket ddnh gid kit qud tim kiim tham dd ddu khi & Viet Nam giai dogn 1988 - 2000 vd phuang hu&ng tim kiim thdm do tiep theo. Ha Ndi.
4. VITRA-II, 2004. De dn ddnh gid tong the tiim ndng ddu khi Viet Nam. Ha Ndi.
5. Ban TKTD, PetroVietnam. 2004. Bdo cdo tinh trgng tru luang vd tiim ndng ddu khi cdc be trdm tich De tam Viet Nam (tinh din ngdy 30-12-2004). Ha Ndi.
6. Trinh bdy cua Ban TKTD (PV), PVEP, PIDC, VSP vd Vien Ddu Khi tgi Hoi nghi Thdm do - Khai thac ddu khi cua PetroVietnam, Qudng Ninh, 11-2004, Ha Ndi, 1-2005.
