UNIT 10: ENDANGERED SPECIES
A. READING unit 10 trang 72
A. READING
Part 1. Read the passage and circle the best answer A, B, C, or D.
[ Đọc bài và khoanh tròn đáp án đúng nhất A, B, C hoặc D]
Bears spend much of their time looking for food, and they are not choosy, gorging on insects, berries, nuts, small mammals, ham sandwiches, and garbage with equal relish. Despite this, the chief natural factor limiting a bear population is the food supply. Dr. Lynn Rogers has found that, contrary to popular belief, so-called garbage bears - those that visit town dumps or campsites - do not lose their ability to forage successfully for wild foods but are simply supplementing their diets with easy pickings. In fact, these enterprising bears grow faster, mature sooner, and reproduce earlier than those that depend only on wild foraging. Rogers has also found that dump-fed bears are the strongest and largest in the population. He and his crew once captured a male bear that weighed in at 611 pounds.
But easy living for the bears carries a price: those that stalk garbage dumps are easier targets for hunters and those that visit camps may terrify - if not injure - visitors.
Some state wildlife agencies capture “nuisance” bears that have become too chummy with people and cast them off to less populated parts of the forest. The removal programmes do not always work; bears released 100 miles or more from their places of capture have reappeared in their old haunts.
1. The passage suggests that Dr. Lynn Rogers is a . A. writer who has published books about bears’ feeding habits B. naturalist whose concern is preserving bears’ wild habitats C. scientist who has studied dump-fed bears
D. trapper who captures live bears for zoos
2. Which of the following assumptions about bears the author states has been proved to be wrong?
A. Some would rather eat wild foods than garbage.
B. They devote a lot of time to searching for food.
C. Some do not fear campers and approach campsites readily.
D. They lose their foraging ability after feeding at garbage dumps.
3. Which of the following is NOT true of bears that feed at garbage dumps and campsites?
A. They grow at a relatively slow rate.
B. They can be easily shot.
C. They reproduce at an early age.
D. They are sometimes relocated.
4. It can be concluded from the passage that garbage bears are the strongest of the bear population because .
A. their natural predators are not found near garbage dumps
B. they can get more food by combining wild foods and foods from dumps C. they have been known to travel 100 miles or more
D. they get a lot of exercise climbing in and out of garbage cans 5. The term “those” used in paragraph 2 refers to .
A. visitors B. dumps C. hunters D. bears
6. It can be inferred from the passage that bears’ contact with humans has resulted in .
A. bears’ preference for life in the wild B. both benefits and disadvantages to bears
C. an increase likelihood of the extinction of bears D. bears’ susceptibility to a variety of diseases
7. According to the passage, the purpose of removal programmes is to . A. clean out the dumps
B. shoot “nuisance” bears
C. settle bears in less populated areas D. reduce the bears’ food supply Hướng dẫn giải:
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B
5. D 6. B 7. C Dịch bài đọc:
Gấu dành nhiều thời gian tìm kiếm thức ăn, và chúng không hề kén chọn, ăn nhiều côn trùng, dâu, đậu hạt và những động vật có vú nhỏ, bánh mỳ kẹp thịt và rác với mùi vị như nhau. Dù vậy, nhân tố tự nhiên chính làm giảm số lượng gấu là thức ăn.
Tiến sĩ Lynn Rogers đã phát hiện ra rằng, ngược lại với nhận định của nhiều người, gọi là gấu rác - những loài đến các bãi rác ở thị trấn và các điểm cắm trại – không đánh mất đi khả năng tìm thức ăn thành công trong môi trường hoang dại nhưng đơn là đang bổ sung vào chế độ ăn của chúng những nguồn dễ tìm. Thật ra, những con gấu bông dại này phát triển nhanh hơn, trưởng thành sớm hơn, và tái sản xuất sớm hơn so với những con phụ thuộc vào nguồn thức ăn tự nhiên. Rogers cũng phát hiện ra rằng những con gấu tìm thức ăn trong bãi rác mạnh nhất và lớn nhất về dân số.
Ông và đoàn người của mình đã từng bắt được một con gấu đực nặng 611 pounds.
Nhưng môi trường dễ sống cho những con gấu mang một giá: những con gấu rình rập những bãi rác dễ là mục tiêu cho các thợ săn và những người đi cắm trại có thể bị làm cho hoảng sợ - nếu không làm bị thương - những du khách. Một số công ty động vật hoang dã bắt giữ “ những con gấu nuôi” những con trở nên quá quen thuộc với con người và tách chúng ra khỏi phần kém dân số hơn của khu rừng. Những chương trình di cư không phải lúc nào cũng hiệu quả; gấu chạy xa hơn 100 dặm hoặc xa hơn so với nơi nó bị bắt giữ đã xuất hiện trở lại nơi thường lui tới của nó.
Part 2. Circle A, B, C, or D that best completes the following passage.
[ Khoanh tròn A, B, C hoặc D để hoàn thành đúng nhất bài đọc sau]
SCIENTISTS LEARN FROM CROCODILES
From recent (1) we now know that crocodiles possess an extremely (2) form of haemoglobin - the substance which carries oxygen in the blood.
As a result, this has a direct (3) on the length of time they can
hold their breath and consequently their ability (4) underwater for (5) . This is very important because they drown their victims by holding them underwater.
When crocodiles hold their breath, their bodies produce a chemical signal which makes their haemoglobin give up more of its oxygen than (6) . Crocodiles can then use that oxygen without any (7) to breathe in more air.
Research workers (8) are trying to reproduce this haemoglobin molecule in (9) blood. Their work may eventually make it possible (10) underwater for much longer. The (11) is that this unusual form of haemoglobin may not be the only explanation why crocodiles can stay underwater for so long.
(12) this, however, the research is of great (13) for the future and may even (14) scientists to produce artificial blood. This is just another example of the way in which we can (15) our lives by studying animals.
1. A. study B. studying C. studies D. studyings 2. A. unique B. unusual C. unequal D. incomparable 3. A. affect B. result
C. cause D. effect 4. A. to stay B. for staying C. of staying D. stay
5. A. a long time B. long times C. long time D. some long times 6. A. ordinary B. regular
C. usual D. typical 7. A. necessary B. need C. needs D. necessities 8. A. nowadays B. in nowadays C. on nowadays D. at nowadays 9. A. human B. humans’
C. humane D. human’s 10. A. for someone swimming B. that someone can swim C. that someone will swim D. for someone to swim
11. A. matter B. problem C. objection D. question 12. A. Although B. In spite
C. Despite D. Though 13. A. worth B. value C. quality D. excellence 14. A. aid B. promote C. help D. benefit 15. A. increase B. benefit C. profit D. improve Answer
1.C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. A
6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. D
11. B 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D
B. LANGUAGE FOCUS unit 10 trang 75
Exercise 1. Practise reading the following sentences, paying attention to the stressed syllables.
[Thực hành đọc những câu sau, chú ý những từ được nhấn trọng âm]
1. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
2. Over a quarter of a century has elapsed since his death.
3. Computers consume a considerable amount of money and time.
4. Most of them have arrived on the bus.
5. Newspaper editors are invariably underworked.
Exercise 2. Use must not or need not to fill the spaces in the following sentences.
[ Sử dụng must not hoặc need not để điền vào chỗ trống trong các câu sau đây]
1. You ring the bell; I have a key.
2. We drive fast; we have plenty of time.
3. We drive fast; there is a speed limit here.
4. Candidates bring books into the examination room.
5. You write to him for he will be here tomorrow.
6. We make any noise or we’ll wake the baby.
7. You do all the exercises. Ten sentences will be enough.
8. I want this letter typed but you do it today. Tomorrow you will 9. You take anything out of a shop without paying for it.
10. You carry that parcel home yourself; the shop will send it.
Answer
1. need not 2. need not 3. must not 4. must not 5. need not 6. must not 7. need not 8. need not
9. must not 10. need not
Exercise 3. Replace the words in italics with a clause using may or might.
[ Thay thế các từ in nghiêng với một mệnh đề sử dụng may hoặc might]
1. Perhaps you will find you have made a mistake.
2. Accept his offer now. It is just possible that he will change his mind later.
3. Owing to the strike, trains will possibly be subject to change.
4. It is possible that parents will find that they cannot understand the way their children are now being taught.
5. Ask your bank manager. He will perhaps be able to advise you better than I can.
Answer
1. You may / might find you have made a mistake.
2. Accept his offer now. He may / might change his mind later.
3. Owing to the strike, trains may / might be subject to change.
4. Parents may / might find that they cannot understand the way their children are now being taught.
5. Ask your bank manager. He may / might be able to advise you better than I can.
C. SPEAKING unit 10 trang 76
Talk about the tiger, using the information given below.
[ Nói về con hổ, sử dụng thông tin được cho bên dưới]
TIGER
Conservation Concerns
Endangered by hunting and habitat destruction
Range Siberia, Southeast Asia, southern India Habitat Forests, grasslands, savannahs, and swamps Size Length: 2 to 3 m (7 to 10 ft), not including tail
Weight: 75 to 258 kg (165 to 570 lb)
Feeding Habits Tigers are carnivores; they prefer to eat large mammals, including deer, buffalo, and antelope.
Offspring The female tiger may give birth to two to four cubs. The cubs leave the mother after about two years. Only half of all cubs survive to adulthood.
Life Span About 15 years in the wild
Did You Know The Bengal tiger is the world's largest cat, weighing up to 180 to 258 kg (400 to 570lb).
Tigers can jump up to 10 m (33 ft) in one leap.
A tiger catches prey only once in 10 to 20 hunts.
A tiger's roar can be heard up to 3 km (2 miles) away.
Answer
Tiger, also known as tigers. is a species of mammals belong to the cat, one of four
"big cats" of the genus Panthera. Tiger is a beast to eat raw meat.
Most tigers live in forests and grasslands. Among the giant cat, only the tiger and jaguar are good swim, and generally people tend to see them bath in ponds, lakes and rivers. Bad tiger than cat climbing ability. Tigers hunt alone, their diet mainly of herbivores such as medium-sized deer, wild boar, buffalo, etc. But they also catch other prey size to or smaller than if circumstances allow. Tiger is one of several species of carnivores are at the last link of the food chain in natural ecosystems.
People was hunted tiger for skin, bone, or other organs. Hunting and trade tigers that the number of rare animals is reduced 95% compared to the early 20th century.
Today the world's only about 5000 to 7,000 wild tigers, including about 200 in Vietnam and 1,500 in India. Tigers have been included in the list of endangered species. They have a lifespan of 20 years.
D. WRITING unit 10 trang 77
Study the information about the great panda below then write a paragraph describing the animal and suggest possible solutions to protect it from extinction.
[ Nghiên cứu thông tin về gấu trúc bên dưới sau đó viết một đoạn văn miêu tả loài động vật này và đề xuất giải pháp có thể để bảo vệ nó khỏi tuyệt chủng]
GREAT PANDA
Habitat: Bamboo forests in the mountains in central and western China Population: Only about 600
Height: 1.2 to 1.5 m Weight: 75 to 160 kg Food: Bamboo
Life span: About 20 to 30 years
Reason for decline: Habitat destruction and fur trading
Answer
The great panda or the panda is an endangered animal. It is found in bamboo forests in the mountains in central and western China. Nowadays, the panda population is estimated to be only 600. A panda is from 1.2 to 1.5 metre long and its weight is from 75 to 160 kilograms. Panda eats mainly bamboo and it can live trom 20 to 30 years. The panda population decreases due to the destruction of heir habitats and they are hunted for fur. China has tried hard to protect this beautiful animal from
extinction. Wildlife reserves have been established to provide pandas with natural environment. Trading on panda fur is banned. The results have been encouraging and panda population is increasing again.
