HIEN m GIOP PHAP LY TRONG VIEC KHIEU NAI

Qhi kdnk pkdp ludi 86 7 (232)-2011

THIA; HIEN m GIOP PHAP LY TRONG VIEC KHIEU NAI

Q I ' Y E I OjNH HANH CHJNH, HANH VI ^HANH CHINH

cu THU ANH*

I. Su can thiet phai cd hudng din ve thyc hien try giup phap ly trong viec khieu nai quyet dinh hanh chinh, hanh vi hanh chinh

Luat Trg gitip phap ly dugc Qudc hpi khoa XI thong qua ngay 29/6/2006 da tao didu kien cho ngudi ngheo, ddi tugng chinh sach bao ve quydn x'd Igi ich hgp phdp cua m'lnh, vdi cdc hinh thuc trg giiip phdp ly nhu tham gia td tung. dai dien ngoai td tung, tu van phap luat X'a cdc hmh thtrc trg gitip phdp ly khdc trong dd cd hoat dgng trg giup phdp ly trong qud trinh khieu nai. Didu 31 Luat Trp giiip phdp ly da quy dinh: ""Trg giup vien phdp ly. luat su thyc hien cdc hinh thtrc trg giup phap ly khac cho ngudi dupc trg gitip phdp ly bdng xiec giiip dd hg hda giai, thyc hien nhung cong X'iec lien quan den thu ttic hdnh chi'nh. khieu nai va cdc hoat dpng khdc theo quy dinh ctia phdp luat". Sau dd.

Nglu dinh sd 07/2007/ND-CP ngdy 12/01/2007 cua CThinh phu quy dmh chi tiet va hudng ddn thi hdnh mpt sd didu CLia Luat Trg gitip phap ly cung quy dinh tai khoan 2 Didu 42: "Dd thyc hien viec giiip dd phdp luat cho ngudi dugc trg gidp phap ly trong qua trinh khidu nai theo quy dinh ciia phap luat vd khieu nai. trung tam, chi nhdnh ctr trp giup vien phdp ly hoac cgng tdc vien la luat su tham gia x'do qud tr"inh giai quyet khieu nai"".

Tuy nhien. do Luat Trg gitip phap ly ban hanh sau Luat Khieu nai. td cdo nen Luat Khieu nai. td cao chua cd quy dinh xd trp gitip xien phdp ly, cpng tdc vien trp giiip phdp ly la luat su giup do xi phdp luat trong qua trinh khieu nai ma chi quy dinh ddi xdi luat su theo quy dinh cua Luat Luat su (didm b khoan 1 Didu 17

Luat sira ddi, bo sung mdt sd didu ciia Luat Khieu nai.

td cdo nam 2005 quy dinh ngudi khieu nai cd quyen

"nhd luat su gitip dd x'd phdp luat trong qua trinh khieu nai""). Cdc x'an bdn hien hanh hudng ddn thi hdnh Luat Khieu nai. td cdo cung chua quy dinh. Do vay, trong thyc te X'iec trien khai Luat Trg gitip phdp ly trong linh X'yc nay gap nhidu khd khan, viec gitip dd phdp luat ciia trg giiip vien phdp ly. cpng tdc vien trp giiip phap ly la luat su trong qud trinh khieu nai rat khd thyc hien xi sy thieu ddng bp. thdng nhdt ciia phdp luat khieu nai. td cdo va phdp luat trg giiip phdp ly. Cung xi the ma chua cd hudng ddn xi thti tuc tham gia thyc hien trg giiip phap ly trong viec khieu nai quyet dinh hanh chinh. hdnh xi hanh chi'nh ctia luat su hdnh nghd voi tu each cd nhan ldm viec cho cac trung tam tu xan phdp luat dang ky tham gia trg giiip phap ly.

Ddng thdi. Didu 42 Luat Trp gitip phap ly cd quy dinh: "Thong qua boat dgng trg giup phdp ly. to chtrc thyc hien trg giiip phdp ly kien nghi bdng van ban vdi CO quan nha nudc cd thdm quyen ve nhtmg van dd lien quan den thi hdnh phdp luat. Co quan nhan dugc kien nghi trong pham vi nhiem vu, quydn han ctia minh cd trdch nhiem xem xet, giai quyet theo quy dinh ciia phdp luat".

Khoan 2 Didu 41 Nghi dinh sd 07/2007/ND-CP ngdy 12/01/2007 cua Chinh phii quy dinh chi tiet va hudng ddn thi hanh mgt sd didu cua Luat Trp giiip phdp ly quy dinh: "Co quan nhd nudc cd tham quydn giai quyet vu viec khi nhan dugc xan ban kien nghi CLia td chtrc thyc hien trg gitip phdp ly cd trdch nhiem xem xet. giai quyet vd tra ldi bdng xan ban trong thdi

Ddn chu & Phdp ludt

^hi hdnk pkdp ludt 86 7 (232)-2011

han 30 ngay, kd ttr ngay nhan dupc kien nghi: trong trudng hgp cd ly do chinh ddng thi thdi han tren cd the keo ddi nhung khdng qud 45 ngay trtr trudng hgp phap luat cd quy dinh vd thdi han tra ldi". Khoan 3 Didu 45 Nghi dinh sd 07/2007/ND-CP quy dinh trdch nhidm ctia cdc bp, co quan ngang bp. co quan thupc Chinh phti trong pham vi chtrc nang. nhiem vu. quydn ban ciia minh "chi dao cdc don vi trye thupc thyc hien viec phdi hgp gidi quyet dirt didm cac kien nghi xi viec thi hanh phdp luat".

Tuy nhien, trong thdi gian qua viec kien nghi thi hanh phdp luat ciia td chuc thyc hien trg giiip phdp ly ddi vdi CO quan, td chtrc, cd nhan cd tham quydn x'dn cdn mgt sd ban che sau day:

Thif nhdt. Luat Trg gitip phdp ly va Nghi dinh sd 07/2007/ND-CP tuy da quy dinh vd kien nghi thi hdnh phap luat. nhung chua dua ra cdc bien phdp cii the dd bao dam thyc hien trong thyc tidn.

Thif hui. cdc kien nghi ctia td chtrc thyc hien trp gitip phdp ly phdn ldn ddu cd lien quan den qua trinh giai quyet khieu nai. den trdch nhiem gidi quyet ctia CO quan thanh tra, nhung trong thdi gian qua. chua cd sy phdi hgp chat che giua co quan tu phdp, td chtrc thyc hien trg gitip phdp ly vd co quan thanh tra trong viec gidi quyet kien nghi.

Thif ha. mgt bg phan cdc co quan, td chtrc tai dia phuong chua nhan thtrc day du vd y nghia. muc dich cua kien nghi thi hanh phdp luat thong qua hoat dpng trp gitip phdp ly nhdm bdo dam cho viec thi hdnh phdp luat hieu qua va dting ddn. nen chua sdn sang phdi hgp vdi cdc td chtrc thyc hien trg gitip phdp ly trong viec thyc hien nhiem vii chung. Do vay nhidu kien nghi chua dugc gidi quyet hoac giai quyet chua kip thdi.

anh hudng den quydn va lgi ich hgp phdp ciia cong dan.

Diyc tidn thyc hien trg gitip phdp ly trong xiec khieu nai quydt dinh hdnh chinh. hdnh vi hanh chinh cho thdy. chua cd sy phdi hgp gitra td chii'c thyc hien trg gitip phdp ly vd co quan hanh chinh nhd nudc. co

quan thanh tra trong xiec thdng tin xd hoat dpng trg gidp phdp ly. gidi thieu ngudi dugc trg giup phdp ly de cu trp giiip vien phdp ly. luat su la cpng tdc vien trg gitip phdp ly giiip dd; kidm tra. danh gid chdt lugng thyc hien trg gitip phap ly... Vi x'ay, dd thyc hien cd hieu qud hoat dgng trp gitip phdp ly trong ITnh x'yc phdp luat nay. thi cdn quy dinh sy phdi hgp chat che cua cdc CO quan. td chirc ndi tren.

Ngodi ra. x'di kien thuc, kinh nghiem cua minh trong ITnh vyc phdp luat khieu nai, dgi ngu can bg thanh tra cung nhu can bg ldm viec tai don vi thanh tra CLia CO quan hdnh chinh nhd nudc cd thd lam cgng tdc vien trg giiip phdp ly dd tu xan phdp luat cho ngudi dugc trp giup phap ly nhung do chua cd sy phdi hgp.

dgng vien khuyen khi'ch nen cdc cdn bg thanh tra. can bg ldm viec tai don vi thanh tra ciia co quan hdnh chinh nhd nudc tham gia lam cpng tdc vien trg giiip phdp ly d dia phuong cdn han che.

Thong tu lien tich sd 10/2011/TTLT-BTP-TTCP ngdy 06/6/2011 ctia Bg Tu phap x-a Thanh tra Chinh phu hudng ddn thyc hien trp giup phap ly trong viec khieu nai quyet dinh hanh chinh, hdnh vi hdnh chfnh dugc ban hdnh da tao ca sd phdp ly cu thd cho viec thyc hien trg giup phdp ly trong khieu nai. bdo ddm sy ddng bp. thdng nhdt ctia he thdng phdp luat.

2. Mpt sd npi dung chinh ciia Thong tu lien tjch sd 10/2011/TTLT-BTF-TTCP

2.1. \'e pham vi dieu chinh

Thong tu lien tich nay (sau day viet tdt la Thong tu) hudng ddn thyc hien trg gitip phap ly trong viec khieu nai ctia ngudi dugc trp gitip phap ly xd quyet dinh hdnh chinh. hdnh vi hanh chinh cua co quan hdnh chinh nhd nudc, ngudi cd thdm quydn trong co quan hanh chinh nhd nudc.

2.2. IV ddi tugng dp dung

Thdng tu ndy dp dung ddi xdi cdc td chtrc va cd nhan sau day:

- Co quan thanh tra nha nudc bao gdm: Thanh tra Chinh phti; thanh tra bd, co quan ngang bd; thanh tra

Ddn chu & Phdp ludt

^hi hdnk pkdp ludt 86 7 (232)-2011

tinh. thanh phd trye thupc trung uong; thanh tra sd:

thanh tra huyen, quan. thi xa, thanh phd thupc tinh.

- Cac CO quan hanh chinh nhd nudc trong viec giai quyet khieu nai. bao gdm: Bp, co quan ngang bp, co quan thupc Chinh phti; cdc co quan thugc bp, co quan ngang bp, co quan thupc Chinh phii; Uy ban nhan dan cdc cap va cdc co quan thupc Uy ban nhan dan cap tinh vd huyen.

- Co quan quan ly nha nudc vd trp gitip phap ly xa td chuc thyc hien trp giup phdp ly.

- Ngudi thupc dien dugc trg gitip phdp ly cd don khieu nai hoac cd yeu cdu gitip do dd khieu nai x'd vu viec cd lien quan den quydn vd lgi ich hgp phdp ctia minh.

- Trg gitip vien phdp ly. luat su Id cgng tdc vien trg gitip phdp ly vd luat su lam viec hoac cpng tdc tai td chtrc thyc hien trg giup phdp ly (sau day viet la ngudi thyc hien trg giiip phdp ly).

- Ngudi cd thdm quydn giai quyet khieu nai trong CO quan hdnh chinh nhd nudc cd lien quan ddn vu viec giai quyet khieu nai.

Trong qua trinh soan thao Thdng tu, cd y kidn cho rdng, cdn nghien cthi, can nhdc bd sung cac ddi tugng nhu Van phdng Qudc hpi. Van phdng Chu tich nudc.

Van phdng Trung uong Dang, Vien kidm sdt nhan dan. Tod an nhan dan vdo ddi tugng dp dung cua Thong tu lien tich. ;

Tlieo quy dinh ctia Luat Khieu nai, td cdo. cdc ddi tugng neu tren cung Id eg quan cd tham quydn giai quyei khieu nai. thugc ddi tugng ctia Luat Khieu nai.

td cdo. Tuy nhien. Thanh tra Chfnh phti khong cd chtrc nang quan ly nha nudc ddi vdi viec giai quyet khieu nai quyet dinh hanh chi'nh, hanh vi hanh chinh ctia cdc CO quan neu tren. Vi x'ay. quy dinh ddi tugng dp dung nhu Tiiong tu lien tich la phti hgp vdi thdm quydn cua lien tich.

2.3. Vc trdch nhiem ciia Trung tdm trg giiip phdp ly nhd nifirc vd chi nhdnh ciia ti'ung tdm; ca quan thanh tra nhd nifdc vd co'qtian hdnh chinh nhd niftk:

ngifdi tlntc hien trg gitip phdp l\

Thong tu quy dinh trdch nhiem cua Trung tam trp giiip phdp ly nhd nudc vd chi nhdnh cua trung lam trong xiec kiem tra dien ngudi dugc trg giiip phdp ly;

ctr ngudi thyc hidn trg gitip phdp ly; phdi hgp vdi co quan hanh chinh nha nudc kidm tra. danh gia xiec thyc hien trg gitip phdp ly; cung cap cho Uy ban nhan dan cdc cap xa co quan hanh chinh nha nudc khac trong trudng hgp cdn thiet: Bdng thong tin ve trg giup phap ly. mdu don dd nghi trg gitip phdp ly. hop tin trp giiip phap ly, danh sdch ngudi thyc hien trg gitip phdp ly...

Thdng tu quy dinh trdch nhiem cua co quan thanh tra nha nudc x'd co quan hdnh chinh nha nudc trong viec gidi thieu ngudi dugc trg giiip phap ly den td chuc thyc hien trg gitip phdp ly; bao dam, tao didu kien de ngudi thyc hien trg gitip phdp ly gitip dd vd phap luat cho ngudi dugc trp gitip phdp ly; niem yet bang thdng tin, dat hop tin vd trg gitip phap ly...

Thdng tu quy dinh xi cdc nhiem vu ma ngudi thyc hien trp giup phdp ly phai lam vd nhtmg hanh vi ctia ngudi thyc hien trp gitip phap ly se bi de xudt xem xet, xtr ly theo quy dinh ctia phdp luat. , • ',r:.':[ii

2.4. \d thil tuc tham gia gidi quyet khieu neu ctia ngififi thifc hien trg giiip phdp ly

Thong tu quy dinh khi tham gia qua trinh giai quyet khieu nai dd giup dd ngudi khieu nai vd phap luat, ngudi thyc hien trg gitip phap ly phai xuat trinh cdc gia'y td cdn thiet. Chdng han. ddi vdi trg giiip vien phdp ly, luat su la cpng tdc vien trp giiip phap ly cua trung tam va chi nhdnh. phdi xuat trinh:

- The trg giiip vien phdp ly hoac the cpng tdc vien trg giiip phdp ly ciing vdi the luat su;

- Quyet dinh ctia trung tam hoac chi nhdnh cir ngudi hoac thay ddi ngudi tham gia qua trinh giai quyet khieu nai...

2.5. Ve kien nghi ddi vdi co quan hdnh chinh nhd nififc trong qud tiinh gidi quyet khieu nqi

Thbng tu quy dinh trong qud trinh tham gia giai quyet khieu nai, neu ngudi thyc hien trg giiip phdp ly

Ddn chu & Phdp ludt

^ki hdnk pkiip ludt 86 7 (232)-2011

cd can cu cho rang, co quan hdnh chinh nhd nudc chua giai quyet vu viec hoiic ket qua gidi quyet vu viec chua phil hgp vai quy dinh ciia phdp luat, gay thiet hai cho ngudi dugc trg giiip phdp ly thi td chirc thyc hien trp giiip phap ly kien nghi vdi co quan hdnh chinh nha nucic dd xem xet gidi quydt hoac gidi quyet lai vu viec dd bdo ve quydn, lgi ich hgp phdp ctia ngudi dupc tra giiip phdp ly.

Thong tu ciing quy dinh vd thdi han giai quyet kien nghi (30 den 45 ngay) cung nhu trach nhiem ciia co quan hanh chinh nhd nudc neu khong gidi quyet kien nghi dung thdi ban: "Neu qua thdi han ndi tren md co quan hanh chfnh nhd nudc khong tra ldi, thi td chtrc thyc hien trp gitip phdp ly dugc kien nghi vdi co quan hanh chinh nha nudc cap tren trye tie'p cua co quan dd de cd bien phap chi dao, giai quyet. Co quan hdnh chinh nhd nudc ca'p tren trye tiep cd trdch nhiem chi dao, giai quyet vu viec tren bdng van ban va thong bdo cho td chtrc thyc hien trg gitip phdp ly vd ket qua giai quyet vu viec".

2.6. Vc viec tham gia ldm cimg tdc vien trg gitip phdp ly

Co quan tu phdp, ca quan thanh tra nhd nudc, co quan hanh chinh nha nudc khac khuyen khich, tao didu kien cho can bg, cong chuc, vien chu'c lam viec tai CO quan minh tham gia lam cgng tdc vien trg gitip phap ly dd tu van phdp luat cho ngudi dugc trg gitip phap ly. Viec tu van phap luat ndy phai phti hgp x'di quy dinh ciia phap luat vd npi quy, quy chd'cua Ngdnh Tu phdp, Nganh Tiianh tra vd ctia co quan hdnh chfnh nha nudc. Chdng han, mot cpng tdc vien Id cdn bp, cdng chirc ciia co quan hdnh chfnh nha nudc khong dugc tu van phdp luat ddi vdi vu x'iec thugc thdm quydn giai quydt ciia minh hoac minh la ngudi cd quvdn vd nghia vu lien quan nhung cd thd dupc tu x'dn phap luat ddi vdi vu viec khieu nai khong thupc cdc trudng hgp neu tren...

Nhu vay, viec Bg Tu phdp va Thanh tra Chinh phii ban hanh Tiidng tu lien tich .sd 10/2011ATLT-BTP-

TTCP ngay 06/6/2011 hudng ddn thuc hien trg giiip phap ly trong viec khieu nai quyet dinh hanh chinh, hdnh x'i hdnh chinh cting x'di viec Bg Tu phdp, Bp Cong an, Bp Qudc phdng, Bp Tai chinh, Vien kidm sat nhan dan tdi cao, Toa an nhan dim tdi cao ban hdnh Thdng tu lien tich sd 10/2007ATLT-BTP-BCA- BQP-BTC-VKSNDTC-TANDTC ngay 28/12/2007 hudng ddn dp dung mpt sd quy dinh xd trp giup phdp ly trong hoat dpng td tung da giai quyet dupc nhimg van dd bdt cap, thieu ddng bp giira Luat Trg giiip phdp ly va phap luat vd td tung, x'd khieu nai, tao didu kien dd cong tac trp giiip phap ly dupc thyc thi cd hieu qua trong cupc .sd'ng (do Bp luat Td tung hinh sy nam 2003. Bp luat Td tung dan sy nam 2004. Luat sira ddi, bd sung mpt sd didu ctia Luat Khieu nai. td cdo nam 2005 deu ban hdnh trudc Luat Trp giiip phdp Iy. vi vay, chua quy dinh vd vice tham gia ctia trg giup vien phap ly).

Tuy nhien, vd lau dai, khi sira ddi, bd sung, ban hanh mdi cac luat, bp luat vd td tiing va khieu nai thi phai dua chirc danh trp gitip vien phdp ly tham gia td tung, tham gia qua trinh giai quyet khieu nai vao cac van ban luat tren dd bdo dam tinh ddng bp, thdng nhat, dn dinh, bdn vung cua he thdng van ban phdp luat ndi chung va phap luat xi trp giiip phap ly ndi rieng.

Theo dd xuat ctia Bp Tu phdp, cac co quan cd tham quydn da trinh Qudc hpi thong qua Luat Td tung hanh chinh nam 2010 (didm b khoan 2 Didu 55) va Luat sira ddi, bd sung mpt sd didu cua Bp luat Td tung dan sy nam 2011 (didm b khodn 2 Didu 63), trong dd quy dinh rd ngudi bao ve quydn vd lpi ich hgp phdp cho duong sy la "trp gitip vien phap ly hoac ngudi tham gia trg giiip phap ly theo quy dinh ciia phap luat xi trg giup phdp ly". Sdp tdi, cdc co quan cd thdm quydn trinh Qudc hpi ban hanh Luat Khieu nai va sira ddi. bd sung Bp luat Td tiing hinh sy nam 2003 cung cdn quy dinh rd. trp giiip vien phdp ly dugc tham gia x'ao qud trinh khid'u nai; tham gia td tung dd bdo chira cho ngudi bi tam gitr, bi can, bi cdo • '

Ddn chu & Phdp ludt