NGHIEN ciiu-GIANG DAY L P sii DANG
M O T S6 GIAI PHAP N A N G CAO C H A T Ll/pNG
NGHIEN COU, BIEN SOAN LICH SCfOANG BO OIA PHl/ONG
L £ M I N H PHUONG*
T rong nhihig nam qua, cdng tac nghien cuu, bien soan (NCBS) lich sir Ding bd dia phuang da dat dugc nhiing ket qui quan trgng, gdp phan tai hien chan thyc va khich quan lich sir hoat ddng vd ciing phong phu, ve vang, tdng ket nhung kinh nghiem lanh dao ciia Dang bd cIc dia phuang; gilo due tmydn thdng, bdi dudng y chi vl tinh cam cich mang cho cin bd, ding vien va nhan dan, nang cao lye lanh dao, sire cMen dau ciia cac cap uy Ding; lam sing td va bd sung ca sd lich sir quan trgng cho viec xay dyng va to chu-c thyc hien dudng ldi, chinh sach cua Dang.
Thinh tyu quan trgng nhat trong qua trinh td chiic, trien khai cdng tac NCBS lich sir Ding bd trong nhung nam ddi mdi, dac biet tir kM cd Chi thi 15 cua Ban Bi thu, ngiy 28-8-2002 Ve
tdng cudng vd ndng cao chdi lugng nghien ciai, bien soan lich suDdng cong sdn Viet Nam, dd lanhan thtic ciia cap uy, chinh quyen va ddi ngu can bd llm cdng tie lich sir Ding d cac dia phuang ve vai trd, vi tri cua cdng tic NCBS, tuyen tmyen, giao due lich sir Dang da dugc nang len mdt budc rd ret. Tir dd, nMdu dia phuang Uong ca nude da tich cue, chu ddng de ra
* Hoc vien CT- HC Quoc gia Ho Chi Minh
cac chil tmang, giii phip de day manh cdng tae bien soan, xuat ban sich lich sit Dang bd va thu dugc nhung kei qua budc dau quan tigng.
Sd dlu sich lich sir Dang bd dia phuong dugc xuat ban khdng ngiing tang nhanh ve sd lugng, nang cao ve chat lugng. Tinh chung tiong 5 nam (2002 - 2007), da cd 372 cdng hinh lich sir Dang bd, lich sir tiuyen tiidng cac ban, nganh d cap tinh, gan 530 cdng tiinh lich sir d cap huyen, tiii xa va ban 1.500 cdng tiinh lich sir cap xa, phudng, tiii tiah dugc Men soan, xuat ban'.
Nhin chung cIc cdng tiinh da Men soan, xult ban dam bao tinh dang, tinh khach quan, khoa hgc, ndi dung dam bao tinh tiidng nhat chung vdi lich sir toan Dang, ddng tiidi tiie Men rd nhiing net dac thil, ddc dIo rieng cua dia phuang, gdp phan lam phong phu them lich sit chung toan Dang va lich sir cua din tdc. Lich sir Dang bd cIc dia phuang dugc dung lai mdt each dly du, chan tiiue va sinh ddng ban, khlc phuc riing budc sy phan anh xudi cMeu, cM nhan manh, td dam thing lgi, tiilnh tim ml ne Uanh nhung titieu sdt, khuyet diem. NMeu cdng tiinh chu y tdng ket tiiUc ti6n lich sir vl kinh ngMem cua timg dia phuong. Do vay, da gdp phan quan tigng vao cdng tie tu tirdng ly luan, cdng tac lanh dao, cM dao cua cac d p uy Dang trong sy ngMep doi mdi.
66 TAP CHl UCH SU DANG-Sd 12/2008
NGHIEN CUU - GIANG DAY LICH SU DANG
Ciing vdi nhiing thanh tich dat dugc, cdng tac NCBS lich sir Dang bd dia phuang nhung nam qua cdn khdng it ban che, khd khan, dd II: Chat lugng khoa hgc cua cIc cdng trinh lich sir Ding bd cdn chua cao; cdn nang ve mieu ta diin bien sy kien, chua chu trpng dung mu'c tinh tdng ket.
Viec td chtic hpc tap, phit huy tic dung ciia cIc cdng trinh da xuat ban chua di vao ne nep.
Mdt sd cap uy, chinh quyen ehua nhan tiiiic day dil tim quan trgng cua cdng tac NCBS, chua xay dyng dugc ke hoach NCBS, xuat bin lich sir Dang bd mdt cich khoa hgc, tiiudng xuyen vl lau dai de chu ddng tiiyc Men, cho nen su phdi hgp de giai quyet cIc vln de nhu Men che cin bd, kinh phi bien soan cdn lung tung, chua kip tiidi. Viec kiem tra, ddn ddc trien khai tiiuc Men chua tiiudng xuyen, titieu sau sit, din den tien do Men soan, xuat bin d mdt sd dia phuang cdn cham.
Td chtic bd miy va ddi ngu cin bd uyc tiep lam cdng tac nghien ciiu, bien soan lich sir Dang d dia phuong Men cdn nhieu bat cap, nhat la cap quan, huyen, thi xa, thinh phd thudc tinh, vira thieu ve sd lugng, ban che v6 chat lugng va tiinh do nghiep vu chuyen mdn. Theo sd lieu khao sit thuc te nam 2007, cl nude cd 62/64 tinh, thanh phd cd Phdng Lich sir Ding, vdi 220 cin bd; Uong dd sd can bd uyc tiep lam cdng tae lich sir Dang II 157 ddng chi (chiem 71,4%). Trong dd cd 150 cin bd dugc dao tao va bd Ui dung nganh nghi (gdm cd 6 tien si, 15 thac si, 129 cir nhan); cdn lai 70 cin bd bd tri cdng viec Uai vdi nganh nghe dIo taol
Cdng tic lanh dao, chi dao chuyen mdn, nghiep vu ciia cac co quan chiic nang ddi vdi cdng tic NCBS, tuyen Uuyen, gilo due lich sir Dang d cac dia phuang cdn nhieu bat cap, thieu sy phdi hgp chat che, ddng bd.
Trudc nhung yeu cau ngay cang to ldn va
cap tMet ciia cdng tic tu tudng, ly luan Uong tinh hmh mdi, de tiep tuc thyc Men td't cdng tic NCBS lich sir Ding bd dia phuang, chung tdi xin de xuat mdt sd giai phip chii yeu:
Mot Id, tie'p Uic quIn triet sau rdng ban nira ngi dung CM thi 15 ciia Ban Bi thu Ve Idng cudng vd ndng cao chdt lugng nghien citu, bien soan lich sU Ddng Cong sdn Viet Nam. Cac cap uy dia phuang phii coi cdng tie NCBS, tuyen Uuyen gilo due lich sir Ding la mdt Uong nhirng nMem vu Ugng tam ciia cdng tie chinh tri - tu tudng cua cIc cap uy, ciia mdi to chtic Dang.
Hai Id, tang cudng sy phdi hgp chi dao, dieu hinh giua cIc cO quan chtic nang d Trung uong va dia phuang dd'i vdi cdng tic NCBS lich sir Ding bd dia phuang. Nang eao hieu qui cM dao hudng din chuyen mdn, ngMep vu, tham dinh eic cdng Uinh lich sir Dang tmdc khi xuat bin; nang cao chat lugng hoat ddng tham muu vdi cap uy cac dia phuang Uong xay dyng ke hoach NCBS lich sir Dang.
Ba Id, tie'p Uic lam td't cdng tie quy hoach, dao tao bdi dudng va kien toan ddi ngu can bd theo hudng dn dinh, lau dii, thd'ng nhat ve td chuc bg miy, quy ehe boat ddng. Bd tri dii can bd chuyen Uach (dung chuyen nglnh dao tao, trong Men che) thudc Ban tuyen giao cap huyen, quan Uong toin qud'c. Hgc vien Chinh Ui - Hanh chinh Qud'c gia Hd Chi Muih chii tri vl phdi hgp vdi cie CO quan chuyen mdn sdm xay dyng ke hoach (hIng nam va dai ban) ve md cae lap dao tao, bdi dudng chuyen mdn, ngMep vu cho can bd lam cdng tic NCBS, tuyen tmyen, gilng day lich sir Dang. Quan tam thyc Men che do chinh sleh ddi vdi can bd lich sir Dang cl ve vat chat va tinh than. Tang cudng dau tu ktiih phi, ca sd vat chat, phuong tien lam viec phuc vu cdng tac NCBS lich sir Ding bd d dia phuong.
TAP CHl UCH S U D A N G - S O 12/2008 67
NGHIEN c u u - G I A N G DAY UCH sir DANG
Bdn Id, nang cao chat lugng bien soan theo hudng chu trgng tdng ke't kinh nghiem lanh dao, kinh nghiem cdng tac xay dyng Dang qua cIc thdi ky cich mang, nhat la viec tdng kei giai doan lanh dao cdng cudc ddi mdi. Coi Ugng nang cao chat lugng vl y nghia ly luan ciia cIc cdng trinh lich sir Dang bd. Van dung nhung thanh qui nghien cun mdi tiong phan tich, danh gia cac sy kien vl nhan vat lich sir; Uiitii bay dung nhung thanh tyu, uu diem, nhung ddng gdp ciia Dang bd va nhan dan dia phuang dd'i vdi each mang ca nude, ddng thdi neu rd nhung hy sinh, ton that, khuyet diem, sai lam va tha't bai, cd su phan tich lich sir vdi thii do khich quan, khoa hgc. Tap chi Lich su Ddng can tang cudng dang tai nhung ke't qui nghien cim mdi, dac biet II nhung su kien lich sir didn ra d cIc dia phuang cdn chua dugc lam rd, cd nhieu y kie'n trai ngugc Uong viec dinh gii; cIc bii nghien cim, hudng dan ve phuang phip nghien cuu, bien soan, phuong phap tdng kei thyc tiln.
Ndm Id, dd'i vdi cdng tic suu tam, xac minh tu lieu, cIc cap uy dia phuang sdm cd ke hoach suu tam bd sung nhung tu heu lich sir cdn Udng, nhat la trong giai doan tir 1930 den 1975. Do cdng tac luu tru trong giai doan niy gap rlt nhilu khd khan, cd thdi ky Dang ta phai boat ddng trong dieu kien bi mat va trii qua hai cudc chien tranh ac het, nen hau het tu lieu bi that lac, mat mat hoac hu hai; rat nhilu sy kien lich sir trong giai doan niy chua dugc lam rd, can phai tiep tuc xac minh qua nhilu ngudn tu lieu khac nhau. Bdi vay, cac cap uy dia phuong can xay dyng phuong hudng cu the phdi hgp chat che vdi cIc ca quan luu tru, cIc nhan chung lich sir tie'p tuc dly nhanh boat ddng khai thac tu lieu lich sir cd lien quan de sdm bd sung nhlm lam .sang td nhung sy kien, nhan vat, nhan dinh.
dinh gia... chua chinh xic hoac cdn Uong Uong lich sir Ding bd dia phuang. Chu ddng bd tii thdi gian vl tang ngudn kinh phi cho cdng tac tu Ueu va cd chinh sich thu hut cIc cdng tic vien d cIc ca quan luu tru tham gia stm tam, xac minh tu lieu, cir ngudi cd trinh do, uy tin gap gd cac nhan chiing lich sir, nhiing ddng chi lanh dao dia phuong qua cIc thdi ky de ttao ddi cIc ndi dung cin phdng van, ghi chep lai dudi dang hdi ky, phuc vu cho cdng tac NCBS. Day la viec cac cap uy dia phuang can sdm cd ke hoach Uien khai ngay, bdi le cac nhan chimg lich sit tuoi tic ngay cang cao, theo thdi gian hg se ngiy cang it di.
Nhung tu heu mdi suu tam can hen hanh xac minh, tham dinh theo mdt quy trinh chat che, khoa hgc.
Ddi vdi cac huyen, xa, phudng mdi thanh lap (do chia tich), tiudc kM NCBS lich sir chinh thirc, can cd ke hoach trien khai viet bien Men sir.
Ciing vdi tich eye Uien khai cdng tie suu tam, xic minh tu lieu, cac cap uy dia phuong can tang cudng lanh dao, cM dao thyc Men td't cdng tic luu uu tu heu lich sir. Cac ca quan luu UU d Tmng uang vl dia phuang xay dyng quy che va tao dilu kien thuan lgi cho viec hep can, khai thic hgp ly cIc ngudn tu heu tai cIc kho luu tiu, phuc vu uyc tiep cho cdng tac Men soan.
Sdu Id, dd'i vdi cdng tac tiilm dinh ban tiiao.
Ban Giim ddc Hgc vien CMnh tii - Hanh chinh Qud'c gia Hd CM Mmh cin cd quy dinh cu tiie ban vl tilch nMem, quyin ban ciia Vien lich sir Dang ddi vdi viec tiiam dinh ban tiiao cac cdng tiinh lich sir Ding bd, tao dilu kien vl bien che can bd, cd chinh sleh tiiu hut cac nha khoa hgc cd chuyen mdn cao ciia Vien tiiam gia cdng tie tiilm dinh; tang cudng dau ur cac dilu kien vl phuang tiln di lai, ktiih phi boat ddng cho cdng tie nay.
68 TAP CHl UCH SU DANG-Sd 12/2008
NGHIEN CUU-GIANG DAY UCHSUOANG
Ban Tuyen giao tinh uy cIc dia phuang cin tao dilu kien vl thdi gian, bd tri cin bd cd trinh do chuyen mdn vung vang tham gia cdng tac tham dinh; nang cao chat lugng tham djnh cIc cdng trinh lich sir Dang bd cap huyen, xa uudc khi xuat bin.
Bdy Id, coi Ugng cdng tac Uuyin bl tri tiitic lich sir Dang, giao due lich sir Ding cho tuong xirng, phii xac dmh dd la mot nMem vu quan trgng Uong cdng tic tu tudng, ly luan ciia cIc cap uy. Nang cao chat lugng, Meu qua cdng tic giao due lich sir Dang, lich sir cleh mang Uong cIc trudng hgc, Uong can bd, dang vien vl nhan dan, bang nMlu hinh tiiuc phong phu, skih ddng, rdng khIp va phii hgp vdi tiing dd'i tugng, Uen bio cM, phat thanh, UuyIn hinh...cd vu nhung noi lam tdt, cd kinh ngMem Uong cdng tic lich sir Ding.
Cin cd ehe do, quy dinh cu the vl viec hgc tap, nghien cuu, tuyen UuyIn lich sir Dang bd, lich sir Uuyen thd'ng tai cac trudng chuih Ui tinh, cac Uung tam bdi dudng chinh tri huyen, tiong sinh boat chi bd va tai cac Idp bdi dudng dang vien mdi... Nganh gilo due qui dinh rd vl ndi dung chuong uinh, sd tiet hgc lich sir Ding bd dia phuang trong nhi uudng phd thdng, cd the xay dung thanh mdn hgc lich sir dia phuong (Uong dd cd thci lugng xung ding vl lich sir Dang bd), lam cho lich sir Dang, lich sir dan tdc tha'm sau vao tam kham ciia can bd, ding vien va cIc tang Idp nhan dan, nhat la the he tre.
/. Tdng kei 5 ndm thuc hien Clii Ihi 15 ciia Ban Bi llnf Tmng uang Ddng Khod IX ve cong tdc lich sil Ddng (2002- 2007) vd phucmg huong, nliiem vu tii ndm 2008 de'n 2012, Tap chi Lich sir Dang, so 3- 2008
2. Xem Nguyen Tinh Kham: Vedpi ngii cdn bg idm cong tdc lich sitDdng, Tap chi Lich sir Dang, sd 3-2007.
VE TAC PHAM "CHUNG TOC DA DEN"...
(Tiep iheo trang 65)
13. "Tren cMen truong". Ndi dung phan niy cho Met tiong cMen ti-anh tiie gidi tiiu nhat, hang van ngudi da den d cie nude tiiudc dia chau PM da bi huy ddng ra cMen tiudng llm "bia dd dan".
HIng nghin ngudi Uong sd hg da bd mang vi bom dan, benh tat vl ddi ret. Cdn d nude My eung cd rat nMeu thanh Men da den tiiam gia quan ngQ, nhung hg bi phin Met ddi xu, khdng dugc giQ cac chuc vy quan tigng nhu ngudi da tiing.
14. "Cuoc dau tranh vi tu' do". Tic gii khlng dinh quy luat: " 0 dau cd Ip buc, d dd cd dau tianh" vl dieu nay cQng khdng II ngoai le ddi vdi ngudi da den. Tic gia da gidi tiiieu so luge ve lich su dau tranh ngoan cudng cua ngudi dan chiu Phi ndi rieng va ngudi da den ndi chung vl tin tudng vao tuong lai Uroi sing hon ddi vdi hg...
Cimg vdi Bdn dn che do thuc ddn Phdp va nhieu bai viet khlc tiong nhQng nam dau cua the ky XX, Chitng tgc da den eua Nguyen Ai Qude ra ddi nam 1928 da giang mot ddn tien cdng quyet liet vao chu ngMa tiiyc dan vl CNDQ. Tie pham niy cung II mdt cdng Men quan tigng eua Ngudi ddi vdi phong tilo dau tianh eua nhan dan cIc nude thudc dia, dac biet la d chau PM. Viec tic pham nay dugc dich vl ui lan dau vio nam 1928 vdi sd lugng ldn, chung td vai frd vl vi tii eua Nguyen Ai Qude da duge khang dinh tiong phong tilo giii phdng dan tdc fren the gidi, kM Ngudi mdi d tudi 38.
1. Noi dung cua phin nay gan giong vdi ban da in trong Ho Chi Minh Todn lap, CTQG, H, 1995, T. 1, tr.306.
TAP CHl UCHSUOANG-SO 12/2008 69
