PHONG, CHONG THAM N H O N G V H T TREN TN^ Gll)l VA NHIJ»G KINH NGHIEM Gfll vHi CHO VIET NAM

NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT

PHONG, CHONG THAM N H O N G V H T TREN TN^ Gll)l VA NHIJ»G KINH NGHIEM Gfll vHi CHO VIET NAM

Nguyen D i n g Dung * Nguyen Thu J D i t o n g ^ "

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Tham abimg la n»l hi^n ni^ia ' ^ li*i, l*iili tri vi tinh tc phtic tgp. Bob huerngilin I^ cS cic qmjc gij, lim suy yiu eac Ih^ch^

din cbii. klni h^m iV pli^L Cii^ kinli l^ vi £Cf» phin VBO sir b^l An dit chinh phd'. Thflmabluif e£ Ibe dien ca ^dirm nhi^hlrh Ihfrf vi quy JUD U^C nhfld. Nblhig hinh vi diadi nhiing li^ii quan iin nhunfthoHnchi phi nhi hay fimluyL ^ r li Iham nhurf; vat niy h dm^i: chu ^ nhimg lai e^ ih^ ^ y nd idnhig hau qua lau dai va nehjem livng tiia ihm le vi ifjy li dgng diam nhUng xiy CB ImriB ddi phci bien, dfie hicI li a nhihig n^r kmh 1^ qufi Ofi vB dang r ^ l men Imng phgm vi bii viil nBy, ^Ji lie ^i^ ^ iHnh l>i>' l:llii quii vi Iham nhOjig I'JI, iJe flCn^ ij^n cm Liia th^ir nJiiln^ vji, phA<1^, ihirng iham nhiing vjl nrnlhegitFi, I'i cut ca nhimg kinh ngbinn ^ni mu cho Vin Nam

AbPlcael:

Cciciupnun IS a campli^ social, ^hlieal and econnmic phenomeniHi dial aff^cU naucins ICh DaltooE, undiiimincs dcniHViflcy, iMK'^rrain'j vconihritk d^vf Icipiiirni and sonwiyhal Ui:niriiltS Ihe inslabilily of ihe govcmmcnl, Cociupliun may iKeucs in vanouE lOiim and dimeitEiom Pclly cmnipruni nhnh is ceEadng lo small hribccy, is noi being concemed piopEcly, may came long-Urmed and seiioU'^ LmiSEiJuimcfls In praclkc because iULh cunuplion \s widciprcod, cspKJftlly in JevKlf^ing and Ininsilmial ecenomiea Under ihis acliele, Ihe aiithocS pC^S^iiE an ovcTi'lcw of pclly eoinipnnn ncganvc impacis yf pen^

enimpiinn, preveitlinn aikj fl^l a^insE pelly cmmplian in ihc i*'flrld;and Jca'w upon suggested WLpcnuiLP for'^elnam I. K h i i q u i t v^ " t h a m nhflng v^l^'

Ihain nhiing vai (TNV) li hinh vi l;mi dyng quyen lyc dien ra hang ngay hoi chfl flifi cong quyen.'cdng ch'fic tronB nhimg gmo ticp thdng Ulifdug eiia hy vdi ngirdi dan kJii

yfip cjin h i n g hfla. djch vu eo bin d nhung noi cdng cong nhit b^nli vien. inrong hpe, sd cinh Ml va cac co quiin khic-. TNV ihudng bieu hidn bSng cac hanh vi hdi 1^ hoSc nhiing nhi^u. vdi vinh tmng cuyc song hing ng«y.

1 ['NODC's Aclinn agaiiwl Ccmupliuii auri Ei-uuumn Cnme. hllp;.' i^'wu unadc.oc^-jaodc'riL' (omipCicm'indcx html,

2 hups '''ll 1^1^'inmsaarency org.'gJns«aiyJrcniVnflay tonuiHiOcL

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>"''. V N U O C VA P H A P LUAT bao gdm c i cac giao d|ch lu nhin va o cap CO sd cua chinh quyen',

Tu ban than ihuii ngir TNV da cho thay quy mij cua cac giao djch Uong ddng diam nhung nay vc e^i ban khdng tac ddng den tdng nguin thu ho^c chinb i^ieh ve Eai chinh cufl n h i nude. Tuy nhicn. iham nhiing ndi chung, TNA'ndi n^ngdeu la nhung hinh vi gay nguy hai cho KB hyi, vi nd duyc lao nen bdi cfic yeu td, (j> ±icu kicm viil vipc ihyc hi«nquy^nlyc cdng'lii) sulhicu diin Upng trong gi^i Ihich p h ^ luit, d^c bi^l l i icnng vice l i c d i n h c h u l h c h u d n g l o i h a y cac quy trinh, giiy lo phu hyp v i (iiij ihicu co che ch|u iracb rihi^m"' Manh vi ddi hoi Jo cda cong chue iham nhung LU ih^ dien ra iheo nhieu each khac nhau, dd l i nhOtig Ifli de nghj true t i ^ lu^^c giin liep i h | m chi la dc dya, vdi Idi bti'a sc d^y nhanh qua u m h ra quyet djnh. e i p phep... Tren ihyc lc, vi^i:

thyc dii iLUy^n lyc dflc i^uy^icua nha nuoe cd tic dling phan phoi I31 ihu nhap lu ngudi

^ii dyng dich vu bing cach Ihu phi ndp vao ngin saeh nha mrdc nhtmg ciing ddng Ihdi dem an nguy co quyen lyc hi lam dijng^.

N h u v^y. vi co ban, TNV cd nhung dac di^fii tucmg ly nhu diam nhiing ndi chung.

c^i ihc (i| l i hinh vi vi ph^m phap lu^l, gan lien vdi sy l^m dyng quyen lyc, (ii) cd s y

|]i:im ^1^ iiua ^bii th^ cflng quyen v i {iii) duoc ihyc hipn nham mijc dich ihu loi bat chinh KllSc vdi "lliam nhiing lim" t^anl ciirmpiiii") l i loai iham nhung ^ i m nhap

d ^ nhimg cap cao nhil ciia nha niri>e, lan^

uSi mrin Idng lin ciia nguoi d i n l a ciic mi"

diu ty v i o s y q u a n ly, cic nguyen iJi- P^^P quyen va lim i n h huoiig nghiem irjug d^^^n sy dn dinh ciia loan bp nen kinh l^, " i N v hay '^ham nhiing n h o " li tham nhiing lien quan dcn v i ^ ddi ehac mfll so uen hay If 1 ich d^ ed nhirag uu dfii nhfl, ihdng iliinmg fl' c^p CO sd Do vjy, TNV luy CO anh hudng d^n chiic ning, hoal ddng cua nha niioc P^

chung, tong chua du l i c d^iig pha vd e i c khudn khd sa hyi va the ch^ quan ly da dupc thiel llip^

2. T i c d ^ a g f t ^ a c v c f H B t h a m i i b D i i f ; vif Tham nliDog l i h^ q u i cda nen q u i n hi k ^ , dii^uminh bach va Erich nbi^m Tham nhiing lim glim nguon dau tu, c i n Ud ting trudng kioh lc v i phi! irifln con ngudi. d i n g tlidi gia lang ly Ip ddi ngheo, lam suy yen bp miy nha nufle, tao ra mfli x i hdi thieu cdng bang' TNV duyc s c m l i Iham nhung 0 quy md nhfl, lidn quan d^n h i n h vi lam dyng quydn lye cua cdng chue d cap co sd v i e^p trung^. Tuy nhien. vdi lan sual ihudng MiySn. nhiJTig hiu q u i ve lii chinh v i fji h^i ciia nd cd the rat d i n g ke,

Thd nhdl, m^ic du 5d lien hoi ly lrong TN%' khflng ldn nhung van co ih^ la con sfl dang ke ddi vdi ca nhan v i cac hy gia dinh, d^c bipl la ngirdi ngheo

Theo ude lmh, u o n g d o cd udc tfnh duyc xiL d|nh hdi Cdn^ cy do ludng dmm nhhQg loin c i u (Global CcinupiioQ

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i AriBiie LJmbe^^^inglllBll^i^ Mukul f^niunidDi &. RoyRHdnci, Slcalegh Analysi'* of PL;ny CormpiEnn•

F.niftpwneujs and Buftauirji', icAunat of Devf lopmcnl Eeononucs, ?O0T, Cr,'*

6 KhuuLuJi flUlJCKN. Cino trinh Ll luan la phap luai v^T't:TN,SXBDH<Xi,?UtJr IT, ^5 7 TianspareiLcy Int^matioiul, Rcpml, 200]

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^U L A P PHAP SAsiJ^j TJHjfl

NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT Barometer - GCB) ciia To chire minh baLh

qudc i^. rninh bdch, TNV cd lli^ gay anh huong d ^ myc phin tu d&n sd the gidi, tmmg dirong gan hai t^ ngufll^ Chl ri^ng tai khu i.'ue chau A Thii Bhih Duong, du hpu CiLB nim 2017 cho ihiy. gin 900 in^u

• g u ^ [hCia nhin d i chap nh^ln dira hoi ly dc ticp cgn c i c djch vy cflng c^ng, lrong dd cd eic djch vy ve chim sdc sue khoe. Thara nhung t i y ra khi ii^p c ^ e i c dicb vu chim sdc sue khoe duyc cho l i giy h«u qua nghi&m Upng hon do anh hudng d^n tinh uiing sue khoe cud cflng din, Theo mpl nghien cmi duoc lien hanh d ch^u Phi v i o nim 2Q15 cho ihiy, iham nhdng l i \-y do khicn nhicu bpnh n h i n Ui hoan vipe kham sire khoe, khien nhieu b^nh^ d ^ bi^l la ung diu, khflng duyc chan doin k IP Ihdi dc cd th^

hen hinh dieu tri lu nhirag giai doan d a u ' "

M^C dll sd ti^n h^l 1^ l i nhfl nhimg neu dirpc lip di l?p lai vfli lin suit cao ^c Un con no ding kfi khi Idng hyp tren quy rad quoc gia huic loin ciu, Hon nlia. vi TNV thudng tay m E^i noi cung cap dich ^'y n^n no inh hudng tryc liep den vific tiSp efir cic dicb vy cdng cpng va JQ do lim ^ i m Iicu c h u i n song cua nguiVl din, d?C bi^l l i nhung ngudi nghfio. sdng Ifi ihuyc v i o c i c djch \ y cdng v i a n smh x i hpi, Nhung khoan ehi phi hi^i Ifl ^ chiera mpt phan Idn ly Uong lliu n h ^ , Ih^m chi la cd die cao hun thu nhip Liid ho Theo ra^l di^u lra duyc iJ^n IlirUi Ijii

Mc'icD, ude imli cic hy gia dmh Mexico efl thu nhap t h i p nhil da chi [fn 30% Ihu nhap h i n g thing cua ho cJio v i ^ hdi 1^, Uong khi c i c ho gia dinh Mexico cd thu nh^p irung binh thi chl 14% cho \\^ niy", Tuong lu^

TNV cling CO nhihig t i c dyng h i t loi d^n ling uuoJigkinh leva hoat ddng kinh doanh, Mac dii mpl sd chuven g i j dua m lgp lugn r i n g n h i n g khyin hfli Ip nhd cd ihe giiip

"bfli ttun" eac quy uinh hanh chinh v i giam ehi phi giao dich u o n g c a e khu vyc duyc cho la nhay cim ciing nhu cac yen cau mang tinb cbii quan lieu, njom ri, phan ldn cic ehuy&n gia cho rang. I'NV anli hudng d ^ lii chinh cung nhu danh ii&ig cua c i c doanh n^hi^p, v i D6U s i y m Erong thoi gian diii sc tic dpng ticu cyc dcn sy lang liudng va nang sual cua doanh nghipp". Nhung ^ lipu ihu duyc Pi di^u lra lai chiu Phi cho thiy^ long chi phi d-inh cho v i ^ hdi Ifl "v?l" cua cic cdng ty dupc hdi cd the Icn dcn 2,5 - 4,5% doanh thu cua hp, lucmg duong 20% chi phi cho lao dang dfli vijieae cdng ly s i a inLudtoquy md IruDg binh, vyyt muc chi phi dinb cho liSn lac (di^n iho^i, fas. inlcmcl) va ehi phi v ^ chuyen [khdng bao gdm nhien lifu)'-'

Myl cupc khio sii khac duyc li&i hinh bcri Prieev-'alerhouse Cotq^rs nam 2CH>S vdi 390 glim dflc di^u hanh c i p cao d 14 quoc gia da eho thiy, nhihig eflng ly c h ^ nh^n J u a c i e khoan hoi ly vdi so nen ldn deu pbil ddi m^i vfll nguy cti suy giam ve lh| Uudng,

9 Kliiily Hlofi, Why Do We Cace S-i Sfiicii Abnul PeOy Comiplion?. J(HR, hlIpEf/mi:dilini,euirtyiacilyOJB'Vh>-dLi-v.E-Lace-Jomui;h-abyul-pi:LTy-i--|irnJ[irinn-2?9SleJFJea2, Inif cjp Ill MoElcn, S, Njuguna F., (Jlham, G- Sn^darii). 5 , Supriyadi, E, Camiplion m HsjUh-Cafe Syslcm^ and lis tlfrct vn Citnccr tace in A&idi, 301 i. hUpj •'wwwllhlanwleimb' j«i.iiHls.'[jir(HTK'aniclc^lIS]4TD-2045|]Sl[H]]63-rJid]rci{I,lniycapn^D¥ J^'TU^JClJ^

11 Bdhonqucz, E &. DevnOi, D. Ccactin^ ihu Myih of PcHy UnhflTV, ?D1?, h[lpi''Ai'w\M,i.ndobciippubbcacianei'senc_dc_piiblieiicioiL'ii(HH_iiHnniiiiCiial^'nJ SI .'ec3ckinE_llie_nlylh_

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12 Chfne, F.iidcnce of the Impa:! of Fncililalion Payments. 20IJ, hUps/'Ww* •anspacenCf.Oci' 'ivfaiiw H[D''ans'wec/ev idcrcc or_1hc linpaei nf fae ililaUnfi jtaymenls

13 Clarke, Hciu Peliy i\. Felly Comiplion^ budcnCB fiurri Fl/m 5urvej in rtfriia. JOHl', hiins'^/mpci uh um-mucncben dellSiyBi.

HaHllH CHU I * 1 , ... . , . . , . . MB|4QHI-T4;2::?A I A P P H A P ' '

f^«A NUOC VA PHAP LUAT dii^i hai danh lieng va riii ro phap ly Thuc

•e da ehung m inh. hdi Id khdng phai li chien lupc hi^u qua va dai han cho vipc giatn dnfo cac ihii luc hinh chinh qunn heu, njdra r i Tham chị inpi sd nghien cim cdn cho thay ring, T N \ ' k h i e n cho cac doanh nghiep m i l nhicu ihdi gian hon khi thyc hi^ncicihu nje hinh chinh, do danh nhieu ihdi gian h^m d^

d i m p h a n vdi cic quan chue diam nhiing v i pli=i dua Ei^n hoi Ip Uude khi dji dup'c muc lieu Them vao do, c-jc khoan chi phi dinh cho viec hoi Ip cd the cao hon nhi^u so vdi dy llnh Nhu ^'iy, co the ihay rang, c h i p nhan TNV bang cich dud hdi 1^ s^ l i m suy y ^ nfli bp doanh nghipp ihdng qua vice tim suy glim cic li^u chuin dao duẹ hanh vi cOng nliu cau nuc quan Ui doanh nghipp"

Hiil-^flj, TNV lara suy p i r a chat Juimg CLia nu"n IciiOnj^ phip ly vi lll^u qui cua bo miy nhi nude,

TNV cd lac dpng lieu c^rc v i liu dai dcn hi^U q u i cila quin lei nha nuflc v i lmh diin tuan ihu phap lual vi l^o ra dong lyc cho cac cdng chtrc tgo Ja nhieu quy dmh, hfln c h c v i cac lliiinjc quan l i l u r u d n i r a d e nhanlidi \^

lij ngudi dan v i doanh nghicp- T N \ ' lao ra mpt vong luan quan khi ngudi din va doanli nghifp dua hfli Ifl de duyc giim thicu c i c thii tyc hinh chinli Uong khi cac quan chuc lai c:dlin1 ch^i nhung ihij lyc đ phifc lap, rudm r?, hon nua dc n h ^ h o i ^p'^

Thu ba, TNV lam ndi nidn nicm tin c i ^ cnng chimg đi vol cac ihici LIIC nha nuflt va nen phip quyen.

TNV inh hudngdcnviệ-hcptjii^í^'' vy cdng hing ngiy ciifl ngm^i din, d o d o i:o Ihe lira >Ldi mon ni^m tin cua cdng chung v i o c i c ih^ ehd n h i nude, cac quy tr^nh din c h i v i p h i p quyen, Cupc khung hoang t h o l a (Ebola crisis) d Siena l.eone v i Liberia n i m 2(114 l i myi vi dy, TNV da khicn ngudi dan m i t nl^m tin sau s i c vao c i c dich vii y le dan den vipc djch bpnh lan rflng dn ngirdi dan khong mil'm sii dyns dich vy y le Ur N h i nicf-c'* TNV cuni^ lam SUy giim n^n p h i p quy^n vi ad dfln den vi^c phap lufll khdng duyc thin: |bi myl each nhil quan va ni đ lam suy yflu n g h i ^ Eiyng c i c nguyen t i c phap lull l i iiki Eing cua phdp quyen'''

Thd lụ TNV anh hudng tieu eye den ngudn Uiu cda N h i n u d e l u vific i h u l h u t .

TN\'' cd Ihc giy ioh budng dSn sy ii^n by cua he thong thuc vi ndtao dicu kipn chu nhieu sai pham vc ihue, lrong đ cd h i n h vi Uon ihuc, T u đ, gdp phan igo nen mpl he ihdng Ihue ihicn v] cho nhung ngudi g i a u v i inh hicdng li^u cue dcn vipc p h i n ph£i l^i [hu nhip'^ BSn canh d d , T N V cdn t i c d ^ n g ii&i cyc d^n ihii dfl luin ihu dfli vdi quy dmh v^ n^p thu^ ciia cflng dan, tir do suy giam niem lin ciia nguoi d i n đi vdi hp lh6ng i ^ p lu^t quoc gia".

U Pncéff^alerhoiisc Cnniierf, ^'CLitifiunnneCormprLiin The Ru>i|ieMCa*fl fnr an Fffetlivc Anu-Cnimplion PmgTBmmc, JCHH, hiiw-''''"^í'.p'^-Cso M en iisseis''FOÉ^^vctmfmiling-ti»mi|nnní0S pdf.

Ị* Rdlftek D^jiuinajlfci, iTHTTiplicin and icEulalory buidcn, 2D00, Univecsily Libcacy of Mumch Gennanv 1ft Kleiner, 'Pmy" t'nmplnfn Isn'l PcHy, ?ill]7, hlcp^^^glcihalanlieoniipnonblogJont'lO17/]2/!H)/Qenv-

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kinh nghiim g v ^ m d ' c h p V i ^ N a m Then nghien c&u c i a Ngin hang the gidi, Georgia ning duyc c o l l i mpl v i d y dien hinh ve phdng, chdng, loai trir TNV b i n g each nil dvng phirong phap ticp cin tryc dicn duyc ho Iry hfli m ^ J chi chinh ui manh m e Saunim 2003, Georgia dupc cho l i da lhinh cdng trong v i ^ xoa hd TNV lrong mot khoang thdi gion tutmg ddi nhimh chdng Ihflng qua vi^c si> dyng kel h p p cac bi|ii phip phdng, chdng iham nhiing> bao gom dieu Uavatruylo c i c quan chuc cap eao. cai cich nginh cinh ^ l , Miy dyng mfli iruimg kinh doanh ty do, dtm gian hda Ihu lyc h i n h rfsinh va cai each khu vyc cdng. Nhimg nd luc III Chinh ph'i nuCc n i y d i nhanh chdng diu dupe niem Im lir dau ehung v i o k h i nang phdng. chong tham nhdng cCia N h i n u ^ c Ttong euflc diflu Ira nhan thuc v e thara nhiing cd su dyng GCB iGlohai Coiruplion Earomelec) n i m 2004. fiO% ngufli <lin OnHgia iin luung hien luyng ihara nhung sc liep lyc giim Uong ba n i m liep theo'".

_ TCr thinh cflng cua Georgia, Ngin hing The gidi da rui ra moi so bai hyc kinli nghipm ve phdng, chdng TNV iihu sau; (i) Chuih phii cin mi n^n e i c bien p h i p lap Uung v i o viec giai quyet nan Iham nhiing khi ngudi dan dep can nhihig dich vu cdng cpng c o b i n , hing ngiy, (li) N b i nuflc: ein diehi^n ^ chi chinh in manh m c lrong vi^c pbdr^, chong tham nhiing ndi chung, I N V ii(n rieng. (ill) CJhinh phil phai lao dyng oy lin bing cii-li ngdy l i p U'ce i p dung chinh saeh khdng khoan nhuyng ddi vdi tham nhung va eho thay kel qua mpl each nhanh chdng v i rfl ring, (ii') C^inh phii cin chu Huong tin cdng inje dipn ddi vdi tnyi dnng

Uiam nhiing, uong dd chii tryng ihuc hi^n cai each ^ u ryng hon la c a c b i ^ p h i p chdng Iham nhiing lung p h i n ; (v) Nha nude c i n chii ddng k h i c phyc linh iiang ihi^u n h i n v i ^ CO ning lyc bing each thu hul cac nhan vicn cd irlnh dfl lu hen ngoai, d i e hill l i nhCrng ngudi cd kinh nghi&m Irong khu vyc lu nhan. (vi) Mia nud'c ihirc hipn ly do h o i nen kinh i^, dou giin h o i cac quy dinh cua p h i p luit cd lien quan v i grim lii thu t^ic hinh chinh-'

Thara nhung ndi chung. TNV ndi ri^ng ludn dupe coi la van nan cua cic qu^c gia, d^c biet la cac qudc gia dang phil tnen, Uong dd cd Vi^l Nam. Theo dieu Ird LUd Tn chin: Miiili bach Qudc ti rai m^i ^fl qude gia, lrong dfleflVi^iNam^ 65% ngyfli dupc hdi cho bi6l d i hfli ly dfl lifp c i a c i c djch vy c6ng cyng. Met Mam cung la quoc gia cd ty I9 dua hdi ly cao Uong so c i c qudc gia duyc k h i o sal khi duyc hdi vc q u i hinh liep can d|ch VIJ g i i o dye ^lrudng cdng lgp) (57%) v i cham sde sue khde (^9%)'-. N h u da phan tich. TNV khdng gay nhung hau q u i Idn, ngay l^p itrc v^ m i l kinh le, na hpi, chinh Uj, luy nhi^n lai cd lac d^ng lidu eye den cuyc

^ n g ciia ngudi d i n va l^ dd l i m suy giam m ^ ijn ciia ngimi d i n vao Nha nude ciing nhu hcthfln^phip lual qudc gia.

rir kinh nghipm quoe te, nhieu nhflm giii phap sau duoc ngluen euu vi dinh gia l i hi^O q u i , cfl Ih^ ap dyng d nhirag quoc gia ma TNV van duijc COi l i nidi vin nan, Uong dd ed Vipl Nam, cy the,

(1) Nhdm cdc gidi phdp hen quan den viic guim ldi cdc ihu luc. gdnh ndtjgvi hdnh chinh Don giin hoa c i c ihu tyc h i n h chinh duyc coi la yeu lo quan tiyrig m>ng ehien lupc chdng TNV VE chinh cic lliu lyc. quy

ChrncAnn-cacnipnonProgrcisinGrmfiia Rv,-anda and Llbena, ?0 i I, hllph,''Auww.naci'ipaicncy m^'filcs.' ejpjili:nc''nimjprhjni|jj'HelpD&ik_Ar(ii:omipliipn_pr:^re>i_in_P ivanda_Lihecia_Geojgiii pJf.

World Bant Fighlinfi Canuplion in l\iblic SH^'ICES, ChcOnieling Oeoigia'E Rcfann, 201^

hnp.^dcHiujjLinU wiildtank niK/'curaEd/cn.'iL5JDI4bS25fi]SJ4fiJ.'pdt664490PL"IMHiT'i™WiT?'lBO975Oa 2l394755.pdf.

Tiaospaicncy Jnicniaiiciral. Global Camiplion Baiomelu Asia Pacific, 2017, hop s'.'/w\^-lk, icflD space n cy mgVIB I ^l'ftil'Y*'^ b ea 11 *nv pwo p I ^ _Jiid_ ^: n c n ^ 0 n _a! i ii_pa e I li e_jl nb a I _ conup [io 1 biici>inelEi

—, n a H i l i cuu I M M gi4|itti - T4iKia\ L A P P H A P ' "

^ ' : \ NUOC VA PHAP LUAT uinh hinh chinh quao Iicu, rudm ra sf 190 ra cadfl^gcovi^.ol^diehohanhvl hdi Ip. Moi sd cdng cy va phuong phap nep cin ma Gcoi^ia di su dyng ihinh cdng Uong viec mmh hach hoi va don gtan hoa cic diO lyc hanh ehinh baogom'',

tlt Tdi can iruc quy in'nh {Process 'v- t-nginnt'ingi: nhira rauc dich giim '^ lirpng yeu ciu cua Chinh phu vi lao dieu kien man ihu Ihdng qua tai ihiel ke, loai bd cac bude du ihfra va id dyng cdng nghp, bao gdm xiy dyng quy d|nh eua phip luil, Ihii mc rapt each hit hoi, dim giin hda cic yeu cau ve lii li^u vi dii^i lip gidi han ye ihdi gian dya l i ^ nguy&n lac 'Imlangladftigy'^t^ilcctce

is COOSCQl"},

(li) Thvc hifn chmh sach "mpl cda"

("Onc-yiop-''h/<p"l: nham cung cap cic huflng dan de ihyc hipn, nhanh chdng vi minh bach eho ngudi din va cic ilnanh nghiep, mpt coquan hinh chinh cfl diScung cap tich hpp nhi^u brm mfll djch vu cdng, bao gdm ding k^ kinh doanh, ihii luc h^u ding ky vdi CO quan thue. cap giay phdp, lii lipu,,,. va dac biel can uinh trudng hop

"mpl cua" nhung cd "nhicu bin",

fjijl Chia *t vd lieu chudn hda dd li^.

nhim Oei kipm ihdi gian vagauhn^ngve diu lye hinh chinh eho cac doanh nghipp, djlc bl^ li uong Imijng hyp cdC Joanh ngbi^cd Ihe bl yeu cau npp cung indl lai li^u cho cac CO quan chinh phu khic nhau d cic dpih dang khac nhau.

(twi Xdy duni; chmh phd ditn lir. iiliini giiip giim bdi ginh nang hinh chinh cbo ngicii din vi doanh nghiep, iaj> dieu ki^n cho eic bien p h ^ don gian hda ibii binh chinb neu ircn. nhu sir dung bio cao di^n tu de khai thuc, cSna ^e die li^u guVa cic co quan banh cbinh mot cira.

(v) Kiem sodi lirdng irudc lEx-nnle conifohl. nham dinh gii lie d^ng cua cic quy dyih mdi liuoc khi chimg duyc ihflng

qua, lirdd gop phan giam ihicu ganh ."^"^

hinh chinh do eac quy d|nh UJ' L'O diegJJ ra cimg nhu dam bao cac qu> dinh nay minh bach

/vi) Ddm bdo sir iharn gia cai tdc b'-n lien quan fSlokcholdfT: engag'^menll-'H^'^

dan vdi m each li nhimg chii the •vit ofng dich vyedng cdquy^ duara cue ilnm van trong cii cich hanh ehinh nh^m hio dam nhiing cupc cai cich duyc ln^n hanh phil hpp vfll muc ticu duyc de ra.

(2) Nhdm cdc gidi phdp h\rdng dcn dfli f'gii cdn bp, cong thiic

Thu nhir. Idng itrong cho cdn hp cang chire

My! Uong nhirng nguyen nhin ciu 'I f^V Ei do cflng chuc duyc lii muc luong Ihap v'a duoc cho la duoi nurc song, Min-luong thap ddi vdi edng chiic tao rn d ^ g lye cho tham nhung cimg nhu cfl kha ning lim giim hipu qui vi ning ^'^uit hoji dyng eua khu vye cflng. Tuy nhi^n. day khdng phai li ]y do duy nhil. Hau het cic nghien cuu cho r ^ g , vifle tang luong mi khdng lhi£l lap hp ibflng kiem soal vi giim !.il bi$u qui ciing nhu ihuc thi cic bi^n phip icirng phat thicli hyp thi khd cdlhecd lac dpngbeiivOngd&ivilc logi uit TNV".

TTcri hai. xdy dung bp quy tac img xir doi vdi ^ig chire ed ihdm quyen lrong vifc cung cap dich vjj cd^jg.

Xiy dyng bfl quy lac ung xir dinh cho cdng chuc nha nuoc ndi chung va cflng diuC iham gia vin hogt dyng cung cip djch vy cflng ndi ri&ng khdng chi cd lie dyng cii ihifnlhiidp lim vipc ciLacflngchCrc (llnh k^

luit, dimg gid, ,) mi cdnihijc diy mpl nSn hinh chinh cdng li^m chinh, mmh bach.

Ngoai la, cin cd nhimg hien phip ning cao, ddi nun nhin ihuL doi voi dyi ngu cdng chuc lrong hoal d ^ g cung cip djch vy tong dieo hudng Kic djoh nguyin tic "huong ldi khich hang" linguycn lac cdi Idl cua VICL Ihyc hien

24

M,LTiLnL, Bcsl Pmences m Redueiiig Red Tape and Currupinhii^ 2l]l^

hl[ps,'iivniiaiupaceneyorE'v.'balw«to'an;wcc^bcii_piafliiei_iii_rediicinE bunBuciai:) _a[n| CHaniniiriTi rhenc, Lo* iaiane* ilK Tulnue of Pefditm inil Comiplnin, ^(•H', h[ip»'l'i"*Ti',i,4,n(f'pub|icaiiDn&]ijiv.

^Ifliit'-dieculnifc-of-po-di^i^'andncuiTiipii^,

iNVHlEh CUU ,•

LAP PHAP J^m-M) Jiw^a

NHA NUOC V A PHAP LUAT d|ch vy cdng; cfin hep lyc r i soat, eai each

ihii lye hanh chinh, iflo radi truong i h u ^ lyi binh ding cho nguoi sir <lyng dich vy. ihu lyc, quy uinh, cac loai giiy 'ff can duyc cdng khai v i d i m bao agicfl'i dan cd ihc ticp can dupc. Ngoii ra. can dim ban quyen khiflu nai ciia cdng din khi phil hien m sai pbam trong htiftf dong cung cap djch vy cdttg'^.

(3) Nhdm cdc gidi phdp ,n> dung cdng nghf ihong im duphdng, chdng TNV

Tmng Ihrti dai 4 0, cdng n ^ p thdng lin tiij Ihanh cdhg cy hihi hipu nong ddi sdng hanh ehinh ciia moi quoe gia Ircn nhieu ITnh vye, Uong dd cd phdng, chdng Iham nhung, Nhirng cflng cy nhu djch vy cflng k f diual 50, n^n ting dam dflng. cic edng cy bao h i ^ cdng ihdng lin minh bach, co w dir lieu idn c6 the gop phan day lin TNV [hdng qua vifc ihlic day sy giim sit eiia cflng chung, liim hid linh minh hach v i i c i c h nhi^mgiii iHiih. lao di^u k i | n cho sy tliam gia cua ngudi dan, thiic day tuong l i c giua ngudi din va Chinh phu, Nhung eong cy duyc flflnhgcalicihi^uquihaogflm'

|i) ChfnJi phil di^n ni' vj^c sd hoa eac d|eh vt} cdng ed th^ gdp phin chSng tham nhCng Ihdng qua vipc g i i m bdt sy niy lipn cua cic c-jng chu'c nhi nitflc, ting tinh mmh bach v^ don gian hda cic quy irinh hinh chmh. Ben canh do, vi^c han tiep xiie Uuc

<hia giiia ngudi sit dyng^djch vu ya nha cung cap djch vy eung cd the gdp phan giim cu hpi dua v i nhin hfli ly,

{ii) Ung dyng ph^og chdng iham nhung Uen dien ihoai ihdng minh:

Chinh quyen Mexico lung gidi thi^u iii^l ung dyng cho di^n tho^i ihdng mmh nhiin giam ly 1^ tham nhung d cinh s i i giao Ihong hing cich eung c i p hucmg din cho ngudi lai ve khi ddi mal vdi cae hanh vi nhiing nhieu tu canh sat thanh pho MCMCO,

Ung dung nay eho phep ngudi su dung liep cgn cac ihdng lin can ihici, bao gdm dii lipu y j may x u phat vi phara giao thdng (uaffic fine caleulalor) den danh '^ch t i l ca cic quy djnh giao thdng. eac bi&i phip t h i lai va i>d dipn thogi dudng dAy ndng. Trong ba thing mu khi ra mal. iing dung d i durjc lai xudng honlLOOOlin-^

(lil) Thanh toan d i i n lii' cae diaiih toin UloDg qua cic phuoE^ Hen ky ihuat so, Uong dfl^cd di^n Ihoai di d d i ^ ed ± c dc dang truy suit, do dfl l i n g linh mmh bach ciia cic du' li^u thanh loin Irong viec chi iricacchi phi ddi vdi dich^m cflng nhu phi di^n, nude...

(ivj Cdng eu thdng ke true luyen ve cac lgi phgm (ham nhiing: ben canh cic, che l i i phap Iugl. du lugn xa hoi cung co die i i m^I cong cy manh mc dc ngan chin iham nhdng.

Trdng di^n lirKorupedia ocglai Indonesia l i mfll vi dy Tiang nay cung cap nipt danh sach tryc myen cac quan chuc bj kel i n , bnp gom ten ciia hy, sdticn Iham d v i phin quyfit cuoi cung cuaphifin tfta''

Kit ludn

TNV ray diin ra o quy md nhd nhiltiy v i n gay hgu qua tuong ty nhu cic cic dang tham nhung khdc, dd la kim hirn ling truong kinh te, l i m nin long cic nha dau lu liong nude v i n m ^ ngoii; lara g i i m v i ihat Ihoit ihu nhip quflc gia: lam g i i m hicu luc ciia phap luat; nudi dudng sy die quySn \'a lam xdi mdo sy hem chinh^ trong v i hpi; va din den nhuDg vi pham v4 quyen coo ngufli'^.

Do t i n su->l cct Ih^ s i y hang ngiy, TNV cd the lam L-bo nhirng h|.u qua ngiy cang Ud n ^ t r i m Uong gay mat mem im eila ngudi d i n doi \ dl chinh quyen ciuig nhu hp Ihdng phap luat qudc gia Do v i y , mpi hinh Ihuc iham nhimg du la nhd rkhal t^n pbii iluyc logi bd v i do Ji u i c h nhipm cua c i N h i mrdc v i xa hiji #

25 Nguyen Tbu^ Dirang, "Phan luit ve dich vu ton? u MaLysia nhOiiR Icinh nfihicm clio Vi^l Nam" Qong Kyy^U hfliihJU^'I'hiiplujIv^diehviieonglicnth^gKnvaoViclNari", Khoa Lual-ttFllX'H>J, Ihang i)J.'2yiy,lrl51.

?& Chcnc, Whil C^ Dyiiors Unln Fighl Peny LOcniplion in WKipienI Counmcs^ 201 •!

21 Cliere, Jal li?u di d^n, 2&1'', IT J-S. hcrp'^ •'ia£i«led£chub oanapjctricy m^'asEets^uplMd^' kpjciducl.hT[ghcLng.peny.LCimipunn-?D 19 pdf

23 UNUP Discussion Paper tomipliLHi and Goad Govcmuicc, hnpl.'^niagnel iindp os^'TlLiLS.'efa.' comipncaO/cnmipckilli.lim, ^ »*9-'lM CtfU I W s6ei4Mi-T4'2aai' I A P PHAP " *