QUAN HE QUOC TE
DIEU CHINH TRONG CHINH SACH DOI NGOAI CUA CHiNH QUYEN ODAMA VA QUAN HE KINH TE VIET NAM - HO A KY HIEN NAY
1. Mot so' dieu c h i n h chinh sach cua My
trong Kinh te My tie'p tuc phai ddi mat vdi nhiing khd k h a n ve khiing hoang t i i chinh va suy thq^i kinh te. Gdi kich thich kinh te cua Tong thd'ng Obama dUdc trien khai cham, mdi chi cd 6% trong gdi kich tbich dUdc giai ngan.
Tbeo du bao, khiing hoang kinh te d My chUa xud'ng day, mac du cd mdt sd' da'u hieu ban dau ciia sii phuc hdi.
Tham hut ngan sich tdi t h i n g 4/2009 dat mifc ky luc trong tai khda 2009, len tdi 802,3 ty USD, do chinh sach giam thue va chi phi chie'n tranh khdng id. Thi trUdng chifng khoan cd di'u hieu phuc hdi, tuy nhien chUa chac chin, ddng thdi vdi viec Trung Qud'c giam manh viec mua trai phieu My. Cac thi trUdng va td chiic tai chinh cUng van d trong tinh trang d n g t h i n g dang ke, trong khi gia tai san lien tuc giam, cac dieu kien tin dung hi that chat. Tuy nhien, ty le that nghiep d My giam dan, dac biet tai khu viic tU nhan cua My da giam manh hdn nhieu so vdi du doan va la mifc tha'p nha't ke tii thang 11/2008.
Giai ciiu kinh te My khdi khiing hoang la Uu tien so' mpt ciia chi'nh sach ddi ndi cila Ch^nh quyen Tong
PGS. TSKH. Tran N g u y e n Tuyen Ban Do'i ngogi Trung Ucfng
thd'ng Obania. Chi'nh quyen Tong thd'ng Obama tie'p tuc tap trung k h i c phuc cupc khiing hoang kinh te vdi cac boat ddng: tang cUdng giai ngan gdi kich thich kinh te, dUa ra ke hoach mua lai tai san nd cila cac td chiic tai chinh, ciiu trd khu viic bat ddng san, nganh cdng nghiep d td, cai each toan dien cac quy dinh ve boat ddng tai chinh, ngan hang, thUc hien cac chUdng trinh ciiu trd xa hdi vdi quy md chUa tiing cd. Ben canh dd, nUdc My ciing dang phai tap trung ddi mat vdi dich ciim A H l N l dang cd nguy cd lan rdng tai cac bang cua My va nhieu qud'c gia tren the gidi.
Ve doi ngoai: Dac diem noi bat nha't trong qUan he qud'c te hien nay la Sli dieu chinh chie'n lUdc chinh sach ddi ngoai cua My. Ngay 5/5, Ngoai trUdng My Hillary Clinton k h i n g dinh: My khang dinh chinh sach theo chu thuye't siic m a n h thdng minh ma My theo dudi la sii ket hdp cac cdng cu ngoai giao, kinh te, quan sii, chinh tri, luat phap, van hda,... n h i m ddi phd vdi cac thach thiic toan cau hien nay.
Theo dd, siic manh thdng minh gdm cac diem dang chii y sau:
1) Ve muc tieu: dam bao an ninh cho My va ddng minh, thiic day tang trUdng kinh te My va cac nUdc, tang cUdng vi the lanh dao toan cau ciia My,
dam bao thinh vUdng chung, hao ve va thiic diy cac gia tri My tren the gidi.
2) Ve phdt trien kinh te vd nhdn quyen: k h i n g dinh phat trien kinh te - xa hdi, thiic day quyen con ngUdi v i n la trpng tam trong chinh sich ddi ngoai cua My.
3) Ve cdc cong cu ddi ngogi: tan dung dam phan, thuye't phuc, dimg cac cdng cu ddn bay de t i n g cUdng hdp t i c giiia cIc ddi tac quan sii, cIc cd quan cbinh phu, td chiic phi cbinh phu, cIc td chiic qud'c te, sii dung cdng nghe hien dai n h i m t i n g cUdng vi the, vai trd va dam bao ldi Ich cua My.
4) Ve cdc Uu tien chinh sdch: d i n h gii, s i p xep diia tren miic dp t i c ddng giiia cIc ldi Ich cua My va kha n i n g thanh cdng cila chinh sach.
Trong 100 ngay dau tien len n i m quyen, Tong thd'ng Barack Obama da trien khai chinh sach ddi ngoai tai hang loat cac khu viic: khing dinh sii quan tam ciia My ddi vdi chau A, chuyen trpng tam cua cupc chie'n chd'ng khiing bd' tii Iraq sang Afghanistan, cai thien uy tin cila My d My Latinh va Trung Ddng, dd bd mdt sd' ban che vdi Cuba v l khdi phuc lai quan he vdi Nga va chau Au.
Tai chau A, trong cIc cbuye'n t h i m cua Ngoai trUdng My Hillary Clinton den 4 nUdc Nhat Ban, Indonesia, Han Qud'c va Trung Qud'c giiia t h i n g 2, Die phai vien cua My ve Bic Trieu Tien Stephen Bosworth de'n mdt so' nUdc trong khu viic dau t h i n g 3, phia My deu the hien quyet tam thie't lap lai quan he vdi khu viic dudng nhu bi lang quen dUdi thdi Tong thd'ng Bush, khang dinh chau A "11 khu viic cd tam quan trpng sd'ng cdn ddi vdi My ngay nay va trong tUdng lai" vdi mdt thai dp "cdi md va lang nghe", sif dung "ddi thoai" hdn la "sifc manh" so vdi chi'nh quyen tien nhiem.
Vdi Nhat Ban, My k h i n g dinh Nhat v i n "la hdn da tang trong cac nd liic toan cau cua My", cam ke't tie'p tuc bao ve Nhat Ban va giai quye't van de hat nhan tren ban dao Trieu Tien mdt each tdng the, ddng thdi thiic day hdp tac trong van de khiing hoang kinh te, nang lUdng sach, an ninh, bien ddi khi hau va cac van de toan cau kbac.
Vdi Indonesia, My the hien mong mud'n thie't lap quan he ddi tac toan dien va hdp t i e sau sac hdn vdi Indonesia, nham thiic day dan chil v l p h i t trien, tao khudn khd thiic day nhiing ldi Ich chung trong cac van de khu vUc va t o i n cau.
Vdi Han Qud'c, My khang dinh lien minh My - Han la "hdn da tang cho hda binh v l dn dinh tren ban dao Trieu Tien va Ddng BIc A", nang quan he hai nUdc len tam "lien minh chie'n lUdc toan cau" do cimg chia se nhiing cam ke't va gia tri chung - dan chu, n h a n quyen, kinh te thi trUdng va theo dudi hda binh;
md rdng hdp t i c hai nUdc khdng chi trong cIc van de song phUdng ma ca cIc van de toan cau.
Vdi Trung Qud'c, My cam ke't se theo dudi mdi quan he tich ciic, hdp t i c vdi Trung Qud'c, "lam sau sic hdn niia va md rdng" mdi quan he nay, coi quan he kinh te song phUdng la "thie't ye'u" ddi vdi My, duy tri ddi thoai cap cao ve chie'n lUdc (cac van de chinh tri, an ninh va toan cau) va ddi thoai kinh te (cac van de tai chi'nh va kinh te) tren mdt khudn khd rd rang, dai ban va tdng the.
Tai chau Au, chinh quyg'n mdi tap trung khdi phuc v l phat trien cac mdi quan he ddng minh than can vdi chau Au, ddng thdi chii trpng giai quye't cIc van de tai Trung Ddng. Ngay sau chuyen tham chau A, Ngoai trUdng Clinton da t h i m chau Au va Trung
Ddng: tham dii Hdi nghi cac nha tai trd qud'c te tai thiet dai Gaza tai Sharm el-Sheik, Ai Cap; t h a m Isarel, Palestine, Thd Nhi Ky; dii hpp Bd'n ben ve dai Gaza; gap cac Bd trUdng Ngoai giao cac nUdc NATO. Vai ngay sau chuyen t h a m cua Ngoai trUdng Clinton, Phd Tong thd'ng My Joe Biden da tham NATO va EU tif ngay 9-10/3. D I u t h i n g 4, Tong thd'ng My Barack Obama da tdi t h a m mdt sd' nUdc chau Au: dii hdi nghi ThUdng dinh Nhdm G-20, tham dii cac cupc gap song phUdng ben le vdi Tong thd'ng Nga Dimitry Medvedev va Chu ticb Trung Qud'c Hd Cam Dao, dii Hdi nghi ThUdng dinh NATO, lam chu tpa cupc hpp My - Lien minh chau Au (EU) tai Cdng hda Sec, tham Thd Nhi Ky v l sau dd bl't ngd t h i m Iraq. Cudi t h i n g 4, Ngoai trUdng My da tham Iraq, Kuwait va Lebanon.
Cac chuyen di cho tha'y Chi'nh quyen Obama tie'p tuc thiic hien cac budc dieu chinh ddi ngoai theo hudng thiic dung, mem deo, tranh thu ddng minh, giam thu dich, thiic day hdp tac tren cac mat cd chung ldi Ich, trong khi chap nhan tdn tai cac kbac biet.
Vdi EU, My tie'p tuc ciing cd' mdi quan he chie'n lUdc xuyen Dai Tay dUdng, cung cd' NATO, hda giai quan be vdi cac nUdc ddng minh, tranh thu hdp t i c de giai quye't cIc van de My dang gap khd khan.
Vdi Nga, My chu ddng tai khdi ddng lai quan he de t r a n h thu sii ung hd cua Nga ddi vdi van de Afghanistan, chd'ng phd bie'n vii khi buy diet, Iran; tuy nhien ve cd ban lap trudng cua My ddi vdi cac van de nhu Kosovo, Gruzia, la c h i n ten liia tai Ddng Au chUa cd dieu chinh va Nga ciing chUa td -ra nhan nhUdng trong cIc van de nay.
Ddi vdi tie'n t r i n h hda binh Trung Ddng, My ap dung each tie'p can thiic te va can b i n g hdn: mot mat, van giii cac nguyen tac cd ban, mat khde cd mpt so' budc di linh boat n h a m ldi keo cac nUdc Arab, nha't la Syria va I r a n cho mdt tie'n t r i n h hda binh chac ehan va lau dai. Trong khi van phe p h a n liic lUdng H a m a z nhUng cd miic dp hdn. My da cdng khai chi trich Isarel n h i m ha nhiet xung dot trong khu viic. Ddng thdi. My ciing t r a n h t h u cac nUdc Arab n h i m tao t h u a n ldi cho My riit quan khdi Iraq theo Id t r i n h ma Tdng thd'ng Obama cdng bd'trUdc dd.
Cd the tha'y, Chinh quyen Obama dang tao diing mpt "trat tii the gidi mdi", "doan tuyet" vdi chinh sach ddn phUdng cH, "dat nUdc My len tren het tl't ca phan cdn lai cua the gidi" cua Chi'nh quyen G. W. Bush.
Tai My Latinh, giiia thang 3/2009, Chinh quyen Obama da thdng qua dii luat cho phep ngUdi My gd'c Cuba dUdc tdi Cuba mdi nam mdt lan va dUdc gUi tien ve cho ngUdi than d Cuba; giiia thang 4/2009, Tong thd'ng Obama tham du Hdi nghi ThUdng dinh chau My lan thii V. Cach tie'p can va iing xii "ddi thoai" va "ling nghe" cua Tong thd'ng Obama tai Hdi nghi va cac bien phap ndi long cam van chd'ng Cuba trUdc them Hdi nghi tai khang dinh sii dieu chinh trong chinh sach ddi ngoai cua My ndi chung va vdi khu viic My Latinh ndi rieng theo hUdng "bdt ddn phUdng va CUdng quyen, tang tinh da phUdng va ddi thoai", bUdc dau cai thien hinh anh va uy tin nUdc My, giam cang t h i n g va ban che vai trd, anh hudng cua cac liic lUdng canh ta cap tie'n, ldi keo cac nUdc trong khu viic tang cudng hdp tac vdi My doi phd vdi
khiing hoang kinh te - t i i chinh va giai quye't cac van de toan ciu.
2. Mot so n h a n xet sd bo
Ve ddi ndi, mac du. cupc khiing hoang tai chinh, tien te chUa chi'm diit v l phai mat nhieu thdi gian niia nen kinh te My mdi ra khdi khung hoang va hdi phuc, nhUng nbUng bien p h i p giai ciiu nganh ngan h i n g v l d td ciia chinh quyen mdi dupc dU luan trong va ngoai nUdc d i n h gia cao. JJu the chiem da sd' trong Qud'c hdi da tao thuan ldi cho chinh quyen cua dang Dan chu nhanh chdng thdng qua nhiing bien p h i p kinh te triet de va kip thdi, t r i n h dUdc tinh trang nhiing tranh cai chinh tri tri hoan cac bien p h i p cap bach ciiu nguy nen kinh te.
Vdi viec tap trung quyet liet chd'ng khiing hoang kinh te, Tong thd'ng Obama dang thiic hien cam ke't cua minh trong tranh cU ciing nhU trong dien v i n nham chifc.
Ve ddi ngoai, cbinh sach ddi ngdai cua My thay ddi hoan toan trong each tiep can v l iing xif. Phong cich ngoai giao "thdng minh", "ddi thoai" v l
"ling nghe", dudng ldi bdt ddn phUdng hdn da dUdc hoan nghenh tai khap cac chau luc, tii chau A den chau Au v l ngay tai san sau cua My 11 My Latinh. Cbinh quyen Obama ciing da cd mdt sd' ddng t h i i n h i m thiic day hdp tac v l giam cing t h i n g : ndi ldng cam van chd'ng Cuba, giam d n g t h i n g trong quan he vdi d c nUdc thii dich (Iran, Venezuela), "khdi ddng lai"
quan he vdi Nga, thiic day qiian he toan dien vdi Trung" Qud'c, cung cd' quan he chien lUdc xuyen Dai Tay dUdng... Nhiing ket qua nay bUdc dau da md ra qua trinh xay diing ldng tin va hdp tac giQa My vdi tCfng nUdc ya khu vUc. Tuy nhien, ne'u xem xet ky cac ke't qua, thanh cdng mdi chi diing
lai d khia canb chi'nh tri, xay diing long tin vao sii k h i c biet cua chinh quyen mdi chif chUa cd ket qua ddi ngoai thiic sU va cu the nao de cd the khang dinh sii kbac biet ve ndi dung chinh sach ddi ngoai. Tinh ke thifa va muc tieu cila mdt sieu cUdng toan cau se tao ra nhiing gidi ban quan trpng ddi vdi d c thay ddi trong cbinh sach ddi ngoai My.
Tinh hinh Iraq v i n rat khd khin, bao liic lien tie'p dien ra, ngan sach cho hai cupc chie'n chd'ng khiing bd' tiep tuc dupc tang cUdng (ngay 9/4, Tong thd'ng Obama de nghi Qud'c hdi cap them 83,4 ty USD de chi cho d c boat ddng quan sii va ngoai giao, nang chi phi cho hai cupc chien nay len den gan 1.000 ty USD ke tii sau vu khung bo 11/9/2001); duy tri d c bien phap ran de phong trao canh ta tai san sau-My Latinh (tii lap Ham dpi IV, duy tri d c can cii quan sii ddn trii d khu viic dudi danh nghia chd'ng ma tiiy, trd -giiip quan'sU cho Colombia chd'ng du kich vii trang d n h ta ...).
Cbinb sach ddi ngoai ciia chinh quyen mdi da bUdc dau thanh cdng.
Nhiing ke't qua ban d i u nay la do ban than nhieu nUdc cd r^hu cau cai thien quan he vdi My va t r a n h thu cd hdi vdi mdt chinh quyen mdi d My.
Mat kbac, die diem la Tong thd'ng tre, quan diem kbac Bush cd ldi cho dng Obama ca b qud'c te va trong nUdc: nhiing chi trich, bl't man ddi vdi My se la danh cho ciiu Tong thdng Bush; t h a n h cdng ngoai giao se thudc ve Obama, t h a t bai se do loi cua chinh quyen cU. Hdn niia, trong bdi canh khiing hoang kinh te hien nay, viec tam gae nhiing ba't ddng sang mdt ben de tap trung phdi hdp bien pbap khdi phuc cac nen kinh te da trd t h a n h yeu c i u mang tinb cap thiet ddi vdi nhieu nUdc.
3. Mot so' n h a n xet va k i e n nghi lien quan d e n q u a n he k i n h te Viet Nam - Hoa Ky. ' ;
Qua nhiing dpng thai trien khai chinh sach ddi ngoai cua Chinh quyen Obama trong 100 ngay cam quyen dau tien viia qua, cd the tha'y da cd nhiing dieu chinh kha manh me. Chii thuye't "quyen liic thdng minh" dUdc trien khai vdi viec ke't hdp kheo leo va hdp ly giuta "quyen liic ciing" va
"quyen liic mem" de thiic hien 04 muc tieu tru cdt la cung cd' vi the lanh dao toan cau, tang cUdng an ninh, thiic diy d c ldi Ich va phd bie'n d c gia tri My. Viec da dang hda mdt each chii ddng va manh me d c cdng cu ddi ngoai (sU dung ngoai giao, kinh te, quan sii, van hda...) trong dd ngoai giao ddng vai trd trung tam da gdp phan lam bie'n ddi each nhin nhan ve nUdc My cua the gidi theo hudng tich ciic hdn ne'u so sanh vdi Chinh quyen tien nhiem.
Chinb quyen Obama ciing the hien Sli coi trpng vai trd cua chau A va khu viic Ddng Nam A khi trien khai chinb sach ddi ngoai. Viet Nam, vdi vi tri dia-chien lUdc va vai trd vd'n cd tai khu vUc, v i n n i m trong chie'n lUdc cua My n h i m tang cUdng vi the cua My b khu viic. Nhiing ldi Ich trong quan he vdi Viet Nam v i n la thiic day linh viic thUdng mai - dau tU, giai quye't nhiing tdn tai cua chie'n tranh, t i n g cUdng quan he thdng qua d c cd che da phUdng... n h i m muc tieu lau dai la tie'p tuc can du de tifng budc chuyen hda Viet Nam va thu hiit Viet Nam vao d c boat ddng chung. Cac bien p h i p de thiic hien chie'n lUdc nay bao gdm: tang cUdng quan he chinh tri d cap cao l i m cd sd cho viec trien khai quan he toan dien; tie'p tuc duy tri va day manh quan he kinh te, tao
dieu kien cho cac cdng ty My vao Viet Nam n h i m thiic day phat trien kinh te Viet Nam; day m a n h hdp tac ve giao due - van hda; thiic day hdp tac tren linh viic an ninh - quan sii, dac biet la day manh sii hien dien va boat ddng cua quan dpi My tren Bien Ddng, gia tang siic ep ve dan chu, nhan quyen, tii do bao chi, tii do tdn giao, xa hpi dan sii...
Cd the tha'y, nhiing dieu chinh trong chinh sach ddi ngoai cua Chinh quyen Obama ndi chung, cung vdi nhiing dpng thai cu the trong quan he giiia hai nUdc Viet Nam va My da dUdc trien khai (dang chii y nha't la chuyen t h a m Viet Nam cila Phd Trd ly Ngoai trUdng My phu traeh Ddng Nam A Scott Marciel, chuyen tham My cua Bd trUdng Bp Cdng an Le Hdng Anh) tao mpt nen tang thuan ldi de quan he dUdc tie'p tuc day manh va phat trien. Quan he thUdng mai - dau tu ciing cd budc phat trien kha quan vdi vi§c trong bd'n thang dau nam 2009, My da vUdn len trd t h a n h nha dau tu nudc ngoai so' mdt tai Viet Nam, ngay ca trong dieu kien kinh te dang suy thoai, dieu dd cho tha'y kinh te da va van ludn la dpng lUc chu ye'u thiic day quan he hai nUdc.
Nhiing nam qua, quan he kinh te thUdng mai Viet Nam - Hoa Ky da dat dUdc nhiing ke't qua quan trpng, hai nudc da dat dUdc nhieu hiep dinh thoa thuan cd y nghia, quan trpng nha't la Hiep dinh ThUdng mai song phUdng Viet Nam - Hoa Ky (BTA nam 2000), thoa t h u a n ke't thiic dam phan song phUdng ve viec Viet Nam gia nhap td chifc ThUdng mai The gidi (WTO) n i m 2006, Hoa Ky danh cho Viet Nam Quy che ThUdng mai binh thUdng vinh vidn n i m 2006, Hiep dinh khung ve ThUdng mai va Dau t u nam 2007.
Tir con sd' vii tram trieu USD trUdc nam 1995, quan he thUdng mai Viet Nam - Hoa Ky da tang trudng nhanh:
Kim ngaeh thUdng mai dat 1,4 ty USD n i m 2001, 9,7 ty USD n i m 2006, bdn 12 ty USD n i m 2007 v l gan 15 ty USD nam 2008. Ke tif nam 2003, Hoa- Ky trd thanh thi trUdng xui't khau ldn nha't cua Viet Nam (khoang hdn 30% tong kim ngaeh xua't k h I u cua Viet Nam). Tdng vd'n dau tu triic tiep nUdc ngoai cua Hoa Ky vio Viet Nam t i n g nhanh, cudi n i m 2008 dat xl'p xi g i n 7 ty USD (tinb ca dau tU cua doanh nghiep Hoa Ky qua nUdc thif ba) vdi gan 430 dii In, difng hang thif 6 tren tdng sd' 8 nUdc qud'c gia v l viing lanh thd cd vd'n dau tu triic tie'p tai Viet Nam.
Tuy vay, theo danh gia chung, quan he thUdng mai Viet Nam - Hoa Ky mac dii p h i t trien nhanh v l dat quy md tUdng ddi ldn trong kim ngaeh thUdng mai ciia Viet Nam, song chUa tUdng xifng vdi tiem nang va mong mud'n cua hai ben. Tong gia tri h i n g hoi xui't k h I u cua Viet Nam mdi chi chiem khoang 0,5% tai thi trUdng Hoa Ky, trong dd hang may mac mdi chi chiem 1,5% v l mat h i n g ldn nha't 11 giay dep ciing chi diing d con sd' 4%.
Vin cdn mdt sd' van de ve thUdng mai m l hai ben can giai quye't, trong dd cd viec Hoa Ky can nhanh chdng trao cho Viet Nam hUdng Quy che Uu dai thue quan phd cap (GSP), dUdc Hoa Ky Ip dung n h i m giiip dd d c nUdc dang phat trien t i n g xua't khau de xol ddi giam ngheo, cd the ban sang My khoang 3.400 mat hang ma khdng phai tra thue quan. Ne'u dUdc hUdng quy che GSP, sifc canh tranh cua cac mat hang xua't khau ciia Viet Nam se tang cao bdn v l se khuye'n khich dau tu de tap trung xua't khau, tao them cdng I n viec lam.
Nhiing tranh chl'p thUdng mai mdi nay sinh g i n day ciing 11 mdt trong nhiing van de dang chd ddi cbi'nh quyen hai ben thao gd kip thdi, thoa dang, ben .canh viec Hoa Ky nen sdm cdng nhan Viet Nam la mdt nen kinb te thi trUdng.
Tren d c linh vUc k h i c , v i n cdn tdn tai nhiing bl't ddng giiia hai ben ve dan chii, nhan quyen, tdn giao...
Viet Nam de nghi Hoa Ky cd sii thifa nhan c i n thiet ve hau qua cua chat ddc da cam, ma quan dpi My da rai xud'ng Viet Nam trong chien tranh, ddi vdi nhieu the' he ngUdi dan Viet Nam. Mat k h i c , cUng can cha'm dift t h i i dp khdng diing miic, nbU cua nghi sy My Loretta' Sanchez va Barbara Boxer, khi de cap de'n hd sd Viet Nam ciing nhU can thay ddi nhiing quan diem chinh tri ldi thdi, lac hau k h i c .
Khd k h i n , vUdng m i c neu tren, tuy khdng the lam dao ngUdc dUdc quan he hQu nghi, hdp tac giiia hai nUdc, nhUng ne'u khdng dUdc giai quyet thau dio, se tac ddng mdt each khdng cd ldi de'n uy tin va hinh anh ciia cbinh phil hai nUdc. PhUdng hudng va giai p h i p cho nhiing van de viia neu se rl't phong phii, trong dd, tam nhin chie'n lUdc phai la that sU tran trpng nhiing thanh qua da dat dUdc trong 14 nam qua va hudng tdi tUdng lai hdp t i c binh dang, cung cd ldi.
Viet Nam can ludn de cao cac van de nhan dao nhU nan nhan chl't ddc da cam, t l y ddc...; tan dung d c cd bdi de yeu cau My thiic hien tracb nhiem tren linh vUc nay n h i m k h i c phuc hau qua chien tranh, dam bao cdng ly va ldi Ich ciia nhan dan Viet Nam •
Bdi viet tham gia Di tdi KX.01.03/06-10.
